Question 1

An air bubble doubles in volume as it rises from the bottom of a lake (1000 kg/m3). Ignoring any temperature changes, the depth of the lake is:

Accepted Answer

A)  21 m 
B)  0.76 m 
C)  4.9 m 
D)  10 m 
E)  0.99 m 
A)  21 m 
B)  0.76 m 
C)  4.9 m 
D)  10 m 
E)  0.99 m

Question 2

The temperature of low pressure hydrogen is reduced from 100 $\degree$C to 20 $\degree$C. The rms speed of its molecules decreases by approximately:

Accepted Answer

A)  89% 
B)  79% 
C)  46% 
D)  21% 
E)  11% 
A)  89% 
B)  79% 
C)  46% 
D)  21% 
E)  11%

Question 3

Five molecules have speeds of 2.8, 3.2, 5.8, 7.3, and 7.4 m/s. Their root-mean-square speed is closest to:

Accepted Answer

A)  2.5 m/s 
B)  5.3 m/s 
C)  5.7 m/s 
D)  28 m/s 
E)  32 m/s 
A)  2.5 m/s 
B)  5.3 m/s 
C)  5.7 m/s 
D)  28 m/s 
E)  32 m/s

Question 4

The diagram shows three isotherms for an ideal gas, with T3-T2 the same as T2-T1. It also shows five thermodynamic processes carried out on the gas. Rank the processes in order of the change in the internal energy of the gas, least to greatest.

Accepted Answer

A)  I, II, III, IV, V 
B)  V; then I, III and IV tied; then II 
C)  V; I; then III, and IV tied; then II 
D)  II; then I, III and IV tied; then V 
E)  II; I; then III, IV, and V tied 
A)  I, II, III, IV, V 
B)  V; then I, III and IV tied; then II 
C)  V; I; then III, and IV tied; then II 
D)  II; then I, III and IV tied; then V 
E)  II; I; then III, IV, and V tied

Question 5

According to the Maxwellian speed distribution, as the temperature increases the number of molecules with speeds within a small interval near the most probable speed:

Accepted Answer

A)  increases 
B)  decreases 
C)  increases at high temperatures and decreases at low 
D)  decreases at high temperatures and increases at low 
E)  stays the same 
A)  increases 
B)  decreases 
C)  increases at high temperatures and decreases at low 
D)  decreases at high temperatures and increases at low 
E)  stays the same

Question 6

According to the kinetic theory of gases, the pressure of a gas is due to:

Accepted Answer

A)  change of kinetic energy of molecules as they strike the wall 
B)  change of momentum of molecules as they strike the wall 
C)  average kinetic energy of the molecules 
D)  force of repulsion between the molecules 
E)  rms speed of the molecules 
A)  change of kinetic energy of molecules as they strike the wall 
B)  change of momentum of molecules as they strike the wall 
C)  average kinetic energy of the molecules 
D)  force of repulsion between the molecules 
E)  rms speed of the molecules

Question 7

TV  $\gamma$  is constant for an ideal gas undergoing an adiabatic process, where $\gamma$ is the ratio of heat capacities Cp/Cv. This is a direct consequence of:

Accepted Answer

A)  the zeroth law of thermodynamics alone 
B)  the zeroth law and the ideal gas equation of state 
C)  the first law of thermodynamics alone 
D)  the ideal gas equation of state alone 
E)  the first law and the equation of state 
A)  the zeroth law of thermodynamics alone 
B)  the zeroth law and the ideal gas equation of state 
C)  the first law of thermodynamics alone 
D)  the ideal gas equation of state alone 
E)  the first law and the equation of state

Question 8

The internal energy of an ideal gas depends on:

Accepted Answer

A)  the temperature only 
B)  the pressure only 
C)  the volume only 
D)  the temperature and pressure only 
E)  temperature, pressure, and volume 
A)  the temperature only 
B)  the pressure only 
C)  the volume only 
D)  the temperature and pressure only 
E)  temperature, pressure, and volume

Question 9

The average speed of air molecules at room temperature is about:

Accepted Answer

A)  0 m/s 
B)  2 m/s (walking speed) 
C)  30 m/s (fast car) 
D)  500 m/s (supersonic airplane) 
E)  3 * 108 m/s (speed of light) 
A)  0 m/s 
B)  2 m/s (walking speed) 
C)  30 m/s (fast car) 
D)  500 m/s (supersonic airplane) 
E)  3 * 108 m/s (speed of light)

Question 10

During a slow adiabatic expansion of a gas:

Accepted Answer

A)  the pressure remains constant 
B)  energy is added as heat 
C)  work is done on the gas 
D)  no energy enters or leaves as heat 
E)  the temperature is constant 
A)  the pressure remains constant 
B)  energy is added as heat 
C)  work is done on the gas 
D)  no energy enters or leaves as heat 
E)  the temperature is constant

Question 11

In order that a single process be both isothermal and occur at constant pressure:

Accepted Answer

A)  one must use an ideal gas 
B)  such a process is impossible 
C)  a change of phase is essential 
D)  one may use any real gas such as N2 
E)  one must use a solid 
A)  one must use an ideal gas 
B)  such a process is impossible 
C)  a change of phase is essential 
D)  one may use any real gas such as N2 
E)  one must use a solid

Question 12

According to the Maxwellian speed distribution, as the temperature increases the average speed:

Accepted Answer

A)  increases 
B)  decreases 
C)  increases at high temperatures and decreases at low 
D)  decreases at high temperatures and increases at low 
E)  stays the same 
A)  increases 
B)  decreases 
C)  increases at high temperatures and decreases at low 
D)  decreases at high temperatures and increases at low 
E)  stays the same

Question 13

An ideal gas of N monatomic molecules is in thermal equilibrium with an ideal gas of the same number of diatomic molecules and equilibrium is maintained as temperature is increased. The ratio of the changes in the internal energies ?ES1U1B1diaS1U1B0 / ?ES1U1B1monS1U1B0 is:

Accepted Answer

A)  1/2 
B)  3/5 
C)  1 
D)  5/3 
E)  2 
A)  1/2 
B)  3/5 
C)  1 
D)  5/3 
E)  2

Question 14

A gas is confined to a cylindrical container of radius 1 cm and length 1 m. The pressure exerted on an end face, compared with the pressure exerted on the long curved face, is:

Accepted Answer

A)  smaller because its area is smaller 
B)  smaller because most molecules cannot traverse the length of the cylinder without undergoing collisions 
C)  larger because the face is flat 
D)  larger because the molecules have a greater distance in which to accelerate before they strike the face 
E)  none of these 
A)  smaller because its area is smaller 
B)  smaller because most molecules cannot traverse the length of the cylinder without undergoing collisions 
C)  larger because the face is flat 
D)  larger because the molecules have a greater distance in which to accelerate before they strike the face 
E)  none of these

Question 15

Assume that helium behaves as an ideal monatomic gas. If 2 moles of helium undergo a temperature increase of 100 K at constant volume, how much work is done by the gas?

Accepted Answer

A)  0 J 
B)  1700 J 
C)  2500 J 
D)  4200 J 
E)  5000 J 
A)  0 J 
B)  1700 J 
C)  2500 J 
D)  4200 J 
E)  5000 J

Question 16

An automobile tire is pumped up to a gauge pressure of 2.0 * 105 Pa when the temperature is 27$\degree$C. What is its gauge pressure after the car has been running on a hot day so that the tire temperature is 77$\degree$C? Assume that the volume remains fixed and take atmospheric pressure to be 1.013 *105 Pa.

Accepted Answer

A)  1.6 * 105 Pa 
B)  2.3 * 105 Pa 
C)  2.5 *105 Pa 
D)  3.6 *105 Pa 
E)  8.6* 105 Pa 
A)  1.6 * 105 Pa 
B)  2.3 * 105 Pa 
C)  2.5 *105 Pa 
D)  3.6 *105 Pa 
E)  8.6* 105 Pa

Question 17

Monatomic, diatomic, and polyatomic ideal gases each undergo slow adiabatic expansions from the same initial volume and the same initial pressure to the same final volume. The magnitude of the work done by the environment on the gas:

Accepted Answer

A)  is greatest for the polyatomic gas 
B)  is greatest for the diatomic gas 
C)  is greatest for the monatomic gas 
D)  is the same only for the diatomic and polyatomic gases 
E)  is the same for all three gases 
A)  is greatest for the polyatomic gas 
B)  is greatest for the diatomic gas 
C)  is greatest for the monatomic gas 
D)  is the same only for the diatomic and polyatomic gases 
E)  is the same for all three gases

Question 18

The energy absorbed as heat by an ideal gas for an isothermal process equals:

Accepted Answer

A)  the work done by the gas 
B)  the work done on the gas 
C)  the change in the internal energy of the gas 
D)  the negative of the change in internal energy of the gas 
E)  zero since the process is isothermal 
A)  the work done by the gas 
B)  the work done on the gas 
C)  the change in the internal energy of the gas 
D)  the negative of the change in internal energy of the gas 
E)  zero since the process is isothermal

Question 19

The temperature of a gas is most closely related to:

Accepted Answer

A)  the kinetic energy of translation of its molecules 
B)  its total molecular kinetic energy 
C)  the sizes of its molecules 
D)  the potential energy of its molecules 
E)  the total energy of its molecules 
A)  the kinetic energy of translation of its molecules 
B)  its total molecular kinetic energy 
C)  the sizes of its molecules 
D)  the potential energy of its molecules 
E)  the total energy of its molecules

Question 20

The specific heat at constant volume of an ideal gas depends on:

Accepted Answer

A)  the temperature 
B)  the pressure 
C)  the volume 
D)  the number of molecules 
E)  none of the above 
A)  the temperature 
B)  the pressure 
C)  the volume 
D)  the number of molecules 
E)  none of the above

Exam 19: The Kinetic Theory of Gases

An air bubble doubles in volume as it rises from the bottom of a lake (1000 kg/m3). Ignoring any temperature changes, the depth of the lake is:

The temperature of low pressure hydrogen is reduced from 100 °\degree° C to 20 °\degree° C. The rms speed of its molecules decreases by approximately:

Five molecules have speeds of 2.8, 3.2, 5.8, 7.3, and 7.4 m/s. Their root-mean-square speed is closest to:

The diagram shows three isotherms for an ideal gas, with T3-T2 the same as T2-T1. It also shows five thermodynamic processes carried out on the gas. Rank the processes in order of the change in the internal energy of the gas, least to greatest.

According to the Maxwellian speed distribution, as the temperature increases the number of molecules with speeds within a small interval near the most probable speed:

According to the kinetic theory of gases, the pressure of a gas is due to:

TV γ\gammaγ is constant for an ideal gas undergoing an adiabatic process, where γ\gammaγ is the ratio of heat capacities Cp/Cv. This is a direct consequence of:

The internal energy of an ideal gas depends on:

The average speed of air molecules at room temperature is about:

During a slow adiabatic expansion of a gas:

In order that a single process be both isothermal and occur at constant pressure:

According to the Maxwellian speed distribution, as the temperature increases the average speed:

An ideal gas of N monatomic molecules is in thermal equilibrium with an ideal gas of the same number of diatomic molecules and equilibrium is maintained as temperature is increased. The ratio of the changes in the internal energies ?Edia / ?Emon is:

A gas is confined to a cylindrical container of radius 1 cm and length 1 m. The pressure exerted on an end face, compared with the pressure exerted on the long curved face, is:

Assume that helium behaves as an ideal monatomic gas. If 2 moles of helium undergo a temperature increase of 100 K at constant volume, how much work is done by the gas?

Monatomic, diatomic, and polyatomic ideal gases each undergo slow adiabatic expansions from the same initial volume and the same initial pressure to the same final volume. The magnitude of the work done by the environment on the gas:

The energy absorbed as heat by an ideal gas for an isothermal process equals:

The temperature of a gas is most closely related to:

The specific heat at constant volume of an ideal gas depends on:

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An air bubble doubles in volume as it rises from the bottom of a lake (1000 kg/m³). Ignoring any temperature changes, the depth of the lake is:

The temperature of low pressure hydrogen is reduced from 100 $\degree$ C to 20 $\degree$ C. The rms speed of its molecules decreases by approximately:

The diagram shows three isotherms for an ideal gas, with T₃-T₂the same as T₂-T₁. It also shows five thermodynamic processes carried out on the gas. Rank the processes in order of the change in the internal energy of the gas, least to greatest.

TV ^$\gamma$ is constant for an ideal gas undergoing an adiabatic process, where $\gamma$ is the ratio of heat capacities C_p/C_v. This is a direct consequence of:

An ideal gas of N monatomic molecules is in thermal equilibrium with an ideal gas of the same number of diatomic molecules and equilibrium is maintained as temperature is increased. The ratio of the changes in the internal energies ?E_dia / ?E_mon is: