Question 1

Define the term globalization and describe how it affects culture today.Give an example to support your answer.

Accepted Answer

Globalization refers to the interconnectedness and interdependence of countries and cultures around the world, driven by advancements in technology, communication, and trade. It affects culture today by allowing for the exchange of ideas, values, and traditions between different societies, leading to the blending and diffusion of cultural practices.

One way globalization affects culture is through the spread of popular culture and consumer products. For example, the influence of American fast food chains like McDonald's and KFC can be seen in countries all over the world, leading to the adoption of American eating habits and the decline of traditional local cuisine. This can lead to a homogenization of culture, as traditional practices and customs are replaced by more globalized, standardized forms of expression.

Additionally, globalization has also led to the spread of global media and entertainment, such as Hollywood movies and international music, which can influence the values and beliefs of different societies. This can lead to the erosion of traditional cultural practices and the adoption of more Westernized ideals.

Overall, globalization has a significant impact on culture today, leading to both the enrichment and potential loss of traditional practices and customs as societies become more interconnected and influenced by global trends.

Question 2

Invention is the

Accepted Answer

A) combination of existing cultural items into a form that did not previously exist. 
B) process of introducing new elements into a culture. 
C) process of making known or sharing the existence of an aspect of reality. 
D) process by which a cultural item is spread from group to group or society to society. 
A) combination of existing cultural items into a form that did not previously exist. 
B) process of introducing new elements into a culture. 
C) process of making known or sharing the existence of an aspect of reality. 
D) process by which a cultural item is spread from group to group or society to society. A

Question 3

A new Ford Explorer can be considered

Accepted Answer

A) material culture. 
B) nonmaterial culture. 
C) an argot. 
D) substance culture. 
A) material culture. 
B) nonmaterial culture. 
C) an argot. 
D) substance culture. A

Question 4

Which sociologist defined technology as "information about how to use the material resources of the environment to satisfy human needs and desires"?

Accepted Answer

A) Seymour Martin Lipset 
B) Robin Williams 
C) George Murdock 
D) Gerhard Lenski 
A) Seymour Martin Lipset 
B) Robin Williams 
C) George Murdock 
D) Gerhard Lenski

Question 5

Culture lag occurs because people in most societies are

Accepted Answer

A) less likely to resist change to their material culture. 
B) less likely to resist change to their nonmaterial culture. 
C) more likely to modify cultural universals. 
D) less likely to change their folkways. 
A) less likely to resist change to their material culture. 
B) less likely to resist change to their nonmaterial culture. 
C) more likely to modify cultural universals. 
D) less likely to change their folkways.

Question 6

Culture lag occurs because people in most societies are more likely to change their material culture.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Democracy is a good example of an invention.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Communism,the Episcopalian religion,and the microwave oven are all examples of

Accepted Answer

A) diffusion. 
B) innovation. 
C) invention. 
D) discovery. 
A) diffusion. 
B) innovation. 
C) invention. 
D) discovery.

Question 9

Given that cultural diffusion could upset the stability of a society,which perspective is most likely to argue that most cultures resist new cultural components that do not fit comfortably into their social system?

Accepted Answer

A) functionalist perspective 
B) conflict perspective 
C) interactionist perspective 
D) feminist perspective 
A) functionalist perspective 
B) conflict perspective 
C) interactionist perspective 
D) feminist perspective

Question 10

English-speaking people in the U.S.commonly use words whose origins are from various African,Asian,and non-English-speaking European cultures.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) nonmaterial culture. 
B) cultural diffusion. 
C) cultural shock. 
D) cultural relativity. 
A) nonmaterial culture. 
B) cultural diffusion. 
C) cultural shock. 
D) cultural relativity.

Question 11

The physical or technological aspects of our daily lives are called

Accepted Answer

A) norms. 
B) material culture. 
C) nonmaterial culture. 
D) values. 
A) norms. 
B) material culture. 
C) nonmaterial culture. 
D) values.

Question 12

Explain the differences among innovations,discoveries,inventions,and diffusion.Give examples of each to clarify the differences.

Accepted Answer

Innovations, discoveries, inventions, an

Question 13

Discovery is the

Accepted Answer

A) combination of existing cultural items into a form that did not previously exist. 
B) process of introducing new elements into a culture. 
C) process of making known or sharing the existence of an aspect of reality. 
D) process by which cultural items spread to different groups. 
A) combination of existing cultural items into a form that did not previously exist. 
B) process of introducing new elements into a culture. 
C) process of making known or sharing the existence of an aspect of reality. 
D) process by which cultural items spread to different groups.

Question 14

Which sociologist introduced the concept of culture lag to the discipline?

Accepted Answer

A) William Ogburn 
B) Antonio Gramsci 
C) Edward Sapir 
D) George Ritzer 
A) William Ogburn 
B) Antonio Gramsci 
C) Edward Sapir 
D) George Ritzer

Question 15

Diffusion is the

Accepted Answer

A) combination of existing cultural items into a form that did not previously exist. 
B) process of introducing new elements into a culture. 
C) process of making known or sharing the existence of an aspect of reality. 
D) process by which a cultural item is spread from group to group or society to society. 
A) combination of existing cultural items into a form that did not previously exist. 
B) process of introducing new elements into a culture. 
C) process of making known or sharing the existence of an aspect of reality. 
D) process by which a cultural item is spread from group to group or society to society.

Question 16

The belief in a higher power can be considered

Accepted Answer

A) material culture. 
B) nonmaterial culture. 
C) an argot. 
D) substance culture. 
A) material culture. 
B) nonmaterial culture. 
C) an argot. 
D) substance culture.

Question 17

Nonmaterial culture

Accepted Answer

A) is more resistant to change than material culture. 
B) is less resistant to change than material culture. 
C) changes at the same pace as material culture. 
D) does not change once it has been created. 
A) is more resistant to change than material culture. 
B) is less resistant to change than material culture. 
C) changes at the same pace as material culture. 
D) does not change once it has been created.

Question 18

A basketball arena,an airliner,a slice of pizza,and a television set can all be considered examples of

Accepted Answer

A) xenocentrism. 
B) nonmaterial culture. 
C) material culture. 
D) argot. 
A) xenocentrism. 
B) nonmaterial culture. 
C) material culture. 
D) argot.

Question 19

George Ritzer's concept of "the McDonaldization of society" refers to the

Accepted Answer

A) placement of a McDonald's franchise in every community with more than 5,000 inhabitants by the year 2010. 
B) domination of numerous sectors of societies throughout the world by principles initially used by fast-food restaurants. 
C) existence of a fast-food franchise in countries throughout the world. 
D) placement of a McDonald's franchise in every community with more than 5,000 inhabitants,and the domination of numerous sectors of societies throughout the world by principles initially used by fast food restaurants. 
A) placement of a McDonald's franchise in every community with more than 5,000 inhabitants by the year 2010. 
B) domination of numerous sectors of societies throughout the world by principles initially used by fast-food restaurants. 
C) existence of a fast-food franchise in countries throughout the world. 
D) placement of a McDonald's franchise in every community with more than 5,000 inhabitants,and the domination of numerous sectors of societies throughout the world by principles initially used by fast food restaurants.

Question 20

Culture lag is

Accepted Answer

A) the totality of learned,socially transmitted behavior. 
B) viewing people's behavior from the perspective of one's own culture. 
C) the physical or technological aspects of our daily lives. 
D) a period of maladjustment during which the nonmaterial culture is still adapting to new material conditions. 
A) the totality of learned,socially transmitted behavior. 
B) viewing people's behavior from the perspective of one's own culture. 
C) the physical or technological aspects of our daily lives. 
D) a period of maladjustment during which the nonmaterial culture is still adapting to new material conditions.

Exam 11: Development of Culture Around the World

Define the term globalization and describe how it affects culture today.Give an example to support your answer.

Invention is the

A new Ford Explorer can be considered

Which sociologist defined technology as "information about how to use the material resources of the environment to satisfy human needs and desires"?

Culture lag occurs because people in most societies are

Culture lag occurs because people in most societies are more likely to change their material culture.

Democracy is a good example of an invention.

Communism,the Episcopalian religion,and the microwave oven are all examples of

Given that cultural diffusion could upset the stability of a society,which perspective is most likely to argue that most cultures resist new cultural components that do not fit comfortably into their social system?

English-speaking people in the U.S.commonly use words whose origins are from various African,Asian,and non-English-speaking European cultures.This is an example of

The physical or technological aspects of our daily lives are called

Explain the differences among innovations,discoveries,inventions,and diffusion.Give examples of each to clarify the differences.

Discovery is the

Which sociologist introduced the concept of culture lag to the discipline?

Diffusion is the

The belief in a higher power can be considered

Nonmaterial culture

A basketball arena,an airliner,a slice of pizza,and a television set can all be considered examples of

George Ritzer's concept of "the McDonaldization of society" refers to the

Culture lag is

What Is Sociology

The Development of Sociology

Major Theoretical Perspectives

Taking Sociology With You

What Is the Scientific Method

Major Research Designs

Ethics of Research

Developments of Methodology

What Is Culture

Elements of Culture

Cultural Variation

The Role of Socialization

The Self and Socialization Through the Life Course

Agents of Socialization

Social Interaction and Social Structure

Social Structure in Global Perspective

Understanding Groups

Understanding Organizations

Sociological Perspectives on the Media

The Audience

The Medias Global Reach

Social Control

What Is Deviance

Crime

Systems of Stratification

Stratification by Social Class

Poverty and Social Mobility

Stratification in the World System

Stratification Within Nations: a Comparative Perspective

Minority, Racial, and Ethnic Groups

Sociological Perspectives on Race and Ethnicity

Race and Ethnicity in the United States

Social Construction of Gender

Women: the Oppressed Majority

Aging and Society

Aging Worldwide

Age Stratification in the United States

Global View of the Family

Marriage and Family

Alternatives to Traditional Families

Human Sexuality

Sociological Perspectives on Education

Schools As Formal Organizations

The Sociological Approach to Religion

World Religions

Religious Organization

Government, Power, and Authority

Political Behavior and Power in the United States

Economic Systems

Changing Economies

Sociological Perspectives on Health and Illness

Social Epidemiology and Health Care in the United States

What Is Mental Illness

Population

Sociological Perspectives on the Environment

Collective Behavior

Social Movements

Social Change

Global Social Change