Question 1

The ionization energy of an atom in its ground state is:

Accepted Answer

A) the energy required to remove the least energetic electron 
B) the energy required to remove the most energetic electron 
C) the energy difference between the most energetic electron and the least energetic electron 
D) the same as the energy of a K $\alpha$  photon 
E) the same as the excitation energy of the most energetic electron 
A) the energy required to remove the least energetic electron 
B) the energy required to remove the most energetic electron 
C) the energy difference between the most energetic electron and the least energetic electron 
D) the same as the energy of a K $\alpha$  photon 
E) the same as the excitation energy of the most energetic electron B

Question 2

Population inversion is important for the generation of a laser beam because it assures that:

Accepted Answer

A) spontaneous emission does not occur more often than stimulated emission 
B) photons do not split too rapidly 
C) more photons are emitted than are absorbed 
D) photons do not collide with each other 
E) photons do not make upward transitions 
A) spontaneous emission does not occur more often than stimulated emission 
B) photons do not split too rapidly 
C) more photons are emitted than are absorbed 
D) photons do not collide with each other 
E) photons do not make upward transitions C

Question 3

Which of the following is essential for laser action to occur between two energy levels of an atom?

Accepted Answer

A) the lower level is metastable 
B) the upper level is metastable 
C) the lower level is the ground state 
D) the are more atoms in the lower level than in the upper level 
E) the lasing material is a gas 
A) the lower level is metastable 
B) the upper level is metastable 
C) the lower level is the ground state 
D) the are more atoms in the lower level than in the upper level 
E) the lasing material is a gas B

Question 4

Five electrons are in a two-dimensional square potential energy well with sides of length L.The potential energy is infinite at the sides and zero inside.The single-particle energies are given by   where nx and ny are integers.The energy of the ground state of the system is

Accepted Answer

A) 0 
B) 10 (h2/8mL2) 
C) 19 (h2/8mL2) 
D) 24 (h2/8mL2) 
E) 48 (h2/8mL2) 
A) 0 
B) 10 (h2/8mL2) 
C) 19 (h2/8mL2) 
D) 24 (h2/8mL2) 
E) 48 (h2/8mL2)

Question 5

The magnitude of the spin magnetic dipole moment   of an atom is ($\mu$B is the Bohr magneton, and s is a positive number):

Accepted Answer

A) "$\mu$B" 
B) "$\mu$B s" 
C) "$\mu$B  
 " 
D) "2$\mu$B  
 " 
E) "2$\mu$B s" 
A) "$\mu$B" 
B) "$\mu$B s" 
C) "$\mu$B  
 " 
D) "2$\mu$B  
 " 
E) "2$\mu$B s"

Question 6

The number of values of the orbital quantum number ℓ associated with the principal quantum number n = 3 is:

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 7 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 7

Question 7

The most energetic electron in any atom at the end of a period of the periodic table is in:

Accepted Answer

A) an ℓ=0 state 
B) an ℓ=1 state 
C) an ℓ=2 state 
D) an n = 0 state with unspecified angular momentum 
E) an n = 1 state with unspecified angular momentum 
A) an ℓ=0 state 
B) an ℓ=1 state 
C) an ℓ=2 state 
D) an n = 0 state with unspecified angular momentum 
E) an n = 1 state with unspecified angular momentum

Question 8

A metastable state is important for the generation of a laser beam because it assures that:

Accepted Answer

A) spontaneous emission does not occur more often than stimulated emission 
B) photons do not split too rapidly 
C) more photons are emitted than are absorbed 
D) photons do not collide with each other 
E) photons do not make upward transitions 
A) spontaneous emission does not occur more often than stimulated emission 
B) photons do not split too rapidly 
C) more photons are emitted than are absorbed 
D) photons do not collide with each other 
E) photons do not make upward transitions

Question 9

The possible values for the magnetic quantum number ms of an electron in an atom:

Accepted Answer

A) depend on n 
B) depend on   
C) depend on both n and   
D) depend on whether or not there is an external magnetic field present 
E) are    1/2 
A) depend on n 
B) depend on   
C) depend on both n and   
D) depend on whether or not there is an external magnetic field present 
E) are    1/2

Question 10

An electron in an atom is in a state with  =5.The minimum angle between   and the z axis is:

Accepted Answer

A) 0° 
B) 18.0° 
C) 24.1° 
D) 33.6° 
E) 36.7° 
A) 0° 
B) 18.0° 
C) 24.1° 
D) 33.6° 
E) 36.7°

Question 11

Electrons are in a two-dimensional square potential energy well with sides of length L.The potential energy is infinite at the sides and zero inside.The single-particle energies are given by   , , where nx and ny are integers.At most the number of electrons that can have energy 8(h2/8mL2)is:

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) any number 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) any number

Question 12

An electron in a K shell of an atom has the principal quantum number:

Accepted Answer

A) n = 0 
B) n = 1 
C) n = 2 
D) n = 3 
E) n =  $\infty$ 
A) n = 0 
B) n = 1 
C) n = 2 
D) n = 3 
E) n =  $\infty$

Question 13

An electron is in a quantum state for which there are seven allowed values of the z component of the angular momentum.The magnitude of the angular momentum is:

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 14

An electron is in a quantum state for which the magnitude of the orbital angular momentum is   .How many allowed values of the z component of the angular momentum are there?

Accepted Answer

A) 7 
B) 8 
C) 16 
D) 17 
E) 20 
A) 7 
B) 8 
C) 16 
D) 17 
E) 20

Question 15

The quantum number ms is most closely associated with what property of the electron in an atom?

Accepted Answer

A) Magnitude of the orbital angular momentum 
B) Energy 
C) z component of the spin angular momentum 
D) z component of the orbital angular momentum 
E) Radius of the orbit 
A) Magnitude of the orbital angular momentum 
B) Energy 
C) z component of the spin angular momentum 
D) z component of the orbital angular momentum 
E) Radius of the orbit

Question 16

The transition shown gives rise to an x-ray.The correct label for this is:

Accepted Answer

A) K $\alpha$ 
B) K $\beta$   
C) L $\alpha$ 
D) LF $\beta$   
E) KL 
A) K $\alpha$ 
B) K $\beta$   
C) L $\alpha$ 
D) LF $\beta$   
E) KL

Question 17

The most energetic electron in any atom at the beginning of a period of the periodic table is in:

Accepted Answer

A) an ℓ=0 state 
B) an ℓ=1 state 
C) an ℓ=2 state 
D) an n = 0 state with unspecified angular momentum 
E) an n = 1 state with unspecified angular momentum 
A) an ℓ=0 state 
B) an ℓ=1 state 
C) an ℓ=2 state 
D) an n = 0 state with unspecified angular momentum 
E) an n = 1 state with unspecified angular momentum

Question 18

A magnetic dipole is placed between the poles of a magnet as shown.The direction of the associated force exerted on the dipole is:

Accepted Answer

A) positive x 
B) positive y 
C) negative x 
D) negative y 
E) into or out of the page 
A) positive x 
B) positive y 
C) negative x 
D) negative y 
E) into or out of the page

Question 19

The electron states in an atom which constitute a single subshell all have:

Accepted Answer

A) only the same value of n 
B) only the same value of ℓ 
C) only the same value of n and the same value of ℓ 
D) only the same value of ℓ and the same value of mℓ 
E) the same set of all four quantum numbers 
A) only the same value of n 
B) only the same value of ℓ 
C) only the same value of n and the same value of ℓ 
D) only the same value of ℓ and the same value of mℓ 
E) the same set of all four quantum numbers

Question 20

Electrons in a certain laser make transitions from a metastable state to the ground state.Initially there are 6*1020 atoms in the metastable state and 2 * 1020 atoms in the ground state.The number of photons that can be produced in a single burst is about:

Accepted Answer

A) 2 * 1020 
B) 3 *1020 
C) 4 * 1020 
D) 6 *1020 
E) 8 * 1020 
A) 2 * 1020 
B) 3 *1020 
C) 4 * 1020 
D) 6 *1020 
E) 8 * 1020

Exam 40: All About Atoms

The ionization energy of an atom in its ground state is:

Population inversion is important for the generation of a laser beam because it assures that:

Which of the following is essential for laser action to occur between two energy levels of an atom?

Five electrons are in a two-dimensional square potential energy well with sides of length L.The potential energy is infinite at the sides and zero inside.The single-particle energies are given by where nx and ny are integers.The energy of the ground state of the system is

The magnitude of the spin magnetic dipole moment of an atom is ( μ\muμ B is the Bohr magneton, and s is a positive number):

The number of values of the orbital quantum number ℓ associated with the principal quantum number n = 3 is:

The most energetic electron in any atom at the end of a period of the periodic table is in:

A metastable state is important for the generation of a laser beam because it assures that:

The possible values for the magnetic quantum number ms of an electron in an atom:

An electron in an atom is in a state with =5.The minimum angle between and the z axis is:

Electrons are in a two-dimensional square potential energy well with sides of length L.The potential energy is infinite at the sides and zero inside.The single-particle energies are given by , , where nx and ny are integers.At most the number of electrons that can have energy 8(h2/8mL2)is:

An electron in a K shell of an atom has the principal quantum number:

An electron is in a quantum state for which there are seven allowed values of the z component of the angular momentum.The magnitude of the angular momentum is:

An electron is in a quantum state for which the magnitude of the orbital angular momentum is .How many allowed values of the z component of the angular momentum are there?

The quantum number ms is most closely associated with what property of the electron in an atom?

The transition shown gives rise to an x-ray.The correct label for this is:

The most energetic electron in any atom at the beginning of a period of the periodic table is in:

A magnetic dipole is placed between the poles of a magnet as shown.The direction of the associated force exerted on the dipole is:

The electron states in an atom which constitute a single subshell all have:

Electrons in a certain laser make transitions from a metastable state to the ground state.Initially there are 6*1020 atoms in the metastable state and 2 * 1020 atoms in the ground state.The number of photons that can be produced in a single burst is about:

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Five electrons are in a two-dimensional square potential energy well with sides of length L.The potential energy is infinite at the sides and zero inside.The single-particle energies are given by where n_x and n_y are integers.The energy of the ground state of the system is

The magnitude of the spin magnetic dipole moment $The magnitude of the spin magnetic dipole moment of an atom is ( \mu <sub>B</sub> is the Bohr magneton, and s is a positive number):$ of an atom is ( $\mu$ _B is the Bohr magneton, and s is a positive number):

The possible values for the magnetic quantum number m_s of an electron in an atom:

Electrons are in a two-dimensional square potential energy well with sides of length L.The potential energy is infinite at the sides and zero inside.The single-particle energies are given by , , where n_x and n_y are integers.At most the number of electrons that can have energy 8(h²/8mL²)is:

The quantum number m_s is most closely associated with what property of the electron in an atom?

Electrons in a certain laser make transitions from a metastable state to the ground state.Initially there are 610²⁰ atoms in the metastable state and 2 10²⁰ atoms in the ground state.The number of photons that can be produced in a single burst is about: