Question 1

Dissolving a solute such as KOH in a solvent such as water results in

Accepted Answer

A) an increase in the melting point of the liquid. 
B) a decrease in the boiling point of the liquid. 
C) a decrease in the vapor pressure of the liquid. 
D) no change in the boiling point of the liquid. 
A) an increase in the melting point of the liquid. 
B) a decrease in the boiling point of the liquid. 
C) a decrease in the vapor pressure of the liquid. 
D) no change in the boiling point of the liquid.

Question 2

Which of these compounds is a nonelectrolyte?

Accepted Answer

A) NaF 
B) HNO3 
C) CH3COOH (acetic acid) 
D) NaOH 
E) C6H12O6 (glucose) 
A) NaF 
B) HNO3 
C) CH3COOH (acetic acid) 
D) NaOH 
E) C6H12O6 (glucose)

Question 3

Explain the following,on the basis of osmosis or osmotic pressure: When sprinkled with sugar,a dish of sliced fruit will form its own juice.

Accepted Answer

The water inside the fruit cel

Question 4

______________ is the term used for a water fearing substance.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ______________ is the term used for a...

Question 5

What is the molarity of a solution that is 26.0% by mass phosphoric acid (H3PO4)and that has a density of 1.155 g/mL?

Accepted Answer

A) 2.30 × 10 -3 M 
B) 2.30 M 
C) 2.65 M 
D) 3.06 M 
E) 0.265 M 
A) 2.30 × 10 -3 M 
B) 2.30 M 
C) 2.65 M 
D) 3.06 M 
E) 0.265 M

Question 6

Human blood has a molar concentration of solutes of 0.30 M.What is the osmotic pressure of blood at 25°C? (R = 0.08206 L • atm/K • mol)

Accepted Answer

A) 0.012 atm 
B) 0.62 atm 
C) 6.8 atm 
D) 7.3 atm 
E) 11 atm 
A) 0.012 atm 
B) 0.62 atm 
C) 6.8 atm 
D) 7.3 atm 
E) 11 atm

Question 7

An electrolyte is a substance that dissolves in water to yield a solution that conducts electricity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What is the freezing point of an aqueous solution of NaCl that boils at 102.5°C? (For water,Kf = 1.86°C/m; Kb = 0.52°C/m)

Accepted Answer

A) 2.5°C 
B) -2.5°C 
C) -0.70°C 
D) 0.70°C 
E) -8.9°C 
A) 2.5°C 
B) -2.5°C 
C) -0.70°C 
D) 0.70°C 
E) -8.9°C

Question 9

Which substance is present in the smallest proportion in a solution?

Accepted Answer

A) liquid 
B) gas 
C) solvent 
D) solid 
E) solute 
A) liquid 
B) gas 
C) solvent 
D) solid 
E) solute

Question 10

A solution of potassium hydroxide is in equilibrium with undissolved solute at 45°C.What will happen if the temperature is raised to 50°C? (ΔHsoln = -57.6 kJ/mol)

Accepted Answer

A) The mass of undissolved KOH will increase. 
B) The mass of undissolved KOH will decrease. 
C) The mass of undissolved KOH will be unchanged. 
D) The mass of water in the solution will increase. 
E) The entropy of the system will decrease. 
A) The mass of undissolved KOH will increase. 
B) The mass of undissolved KOH will decrease. 
C) The mass of undissolved KOH will be unchanged. 
D) The mass of water in the solution will increase. 
E) The entropy of the system will decrease.

Question 11

Safrole was once used as a flavoring in root beer,until it was banned in 1960.What is the vapor pressure of a solution prepared by dissolving 0.75 mol of nonvolatile safrole in 950 g of ethanol (46.07 g/mol)? P°ethanol = 50.0 torr at 25°C.

Accepted Answer

A) 1.8 torr 
B) 11 torr 
C) 15 torr 
D) 40 torr 
E) 48 torr 
A) 1.8 torr 
B) 11 torr 
C) 15 torr 
D) 40 torr 
E) 48 torr

Question 12

Explain the following,on the basis of osmosis or osmotic pressure: Meat that is salted before cooking tends to dry out.

Accepted Answer

The water passes thr

Question 13

What is defined as the difference between the freezing point of a pure solvent and the freezing point of the solution?

Accepted Answer

A) Freezing point 
B) freezing-point elevation 
C) freezing-point depression 
D) Subzero freezing 
E) Supercooling 
A) Freezing point 
B) freezing-point elevation 
C) freezing-point depression 
D) Subzero freezing 
E) Supercooling

Question 14

Determine the freezing point of a solution which contains 0.31 mol of sucrose in 175 g of water.(For water,Kf = 1.86°C/m)

Accepted Answer

A) 3.3°C 
B) 1.1°C 
C) 0.0°C 
D) -1.1°C 
E) -3.3°C 
A) 3.3°C 
B) 1.1°C 
C) 0.0°C 
D) -1.1°C 
E) -3.3°C

Question 15

Hydration is the process in which organic solvent molecules surround a solute particle.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which of the following aqueous solutions should demonstrate the most ideal behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.1 M K2SO4 
B) 0.1 M CaCl2 
C) 3.0 M LiF 
D) 0.1 M MgSO4 
E) 0.1 M NaCl 
A) 0.1 M K2SO4 
B) 0.1 M CaCl2 
C) 3.0 M LiF 
D) 0.1 M MgSO4 
E) 0.1 M NaCl

Question 17

What is the vapor pressure above a solution prepared by dissolving 0.500 mol of a nonvolatile solute in 275 g of hexane (86.18 g/mol)at 49.6°C? P°hexane = 400.0 torr at 49.6°C.

Accepted Answer

A) 54 torr 
B) 154 torr 
C) 246 torr 
D) 346 torr 
E) 400.torr 
A) 54 torr 
B) 154 torr 
C) 246 torr 
D) 346 torr 
E) 400.torr

Question 18

A hydrophilic colloid must generally be stabilized.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Below is a diagram representing a solvent A(l)in a 1-L beaker,and a solute X dissolved in the solvent.Solvent A has a density of 0.8 g/mL,and a molar mass of 40 g/mol. Solute X has a molar mass of 30 g/mol.Each circle of X represents 1 mol of X.Assume that the solute addition does not significantly change the volume of liquid in the beaker.   What is the mass percent of solute X in this solution?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.4% 
B) 3% 
C) 12% 
D) 13% 
E) 20% 
A) 0.4% 
B) 3% 
C) 12% 
D) 13% 
E) 20%

Question 20

Which process defines how molecular compounds form ions upon dissolution?

Accepted Answer

A) ionization 
B) composition 
C) division 
D) dissolution 
E) decomposition 
A) ionization 
B) composition 
C) division 
D) dissolution 
E) decomposition

Exam 13: Physical Properties of Solutions

Dissolving a solute such as KOH in a solvent such as water results in

Which of these compounds is a nonelectrolyte?

Explain the following,on the basis of osmosis or osmotic pressure: When sprinkled with sugar,a dish of sliced fruit will form its own juice.

______________ is the term used for a water fearing substance.

What is the molarity of a solution that is 26.0% by mass phosphoric acid (H3PO4)and that has a density of 1.155 g/mL?

Human blood has a molar concentration of solutes of 0.30 M.What is the osmotic pressure of blood at 25°C? (R = 0.08206 L • atm/K • mol)

An electrolyte is a substance that dissolves in water to yield a solution that conducts electricity.

What is the freezing point of an aqueous solution of NaCl that boils at 102.5°C? (For water,Kf = 1.86°C/m; Kb = 0.52°C/m)

Which substance is present in the smallest proportion in a solution?

A solution of potassium hydroxide is in equilibrium with undissolved solute at 45°C.What will happen if the temperature is raised to 50°C? (ΔHsoln = -57.6 kJ/mol)

Safrole was once used as a flavoring in root beer,until it was banned in 1960.What is the vapor pressure of a solution prepared by dissolving 0.75 mol of nonvolatile safrole in 950 g of ethanol (46.07 g/mol)? P°ethanol = 50.0 torr at 25°C.

Explain the following,on the basis of osmosis or osmotic pressure: Meat that is salted before cooking tends to dry out.

What is defined as the difference between the freezing point of a pure solvent and the freezing point of the solution?

Determine the freezing point of a solution which contains 0.31 mol of sucrose in 175 g of water.(For water,Kf = 1.86°C/m)

Hydration is the process in which organic solvent molecules surround a solute particle.

Which of the following aqueous solutions should demonstrate the most ideal behavior?

What is the vapor pressure above a solution prepared by dissolving 0.500 mol of a nonvolatile solute in 275 g of hexane (86.18 g/mol)at 49.6°C? P°hexane = 400.0 torr at 49.6°C.

A hydrophilic colloid must generally be stabilized.

Which process defines how molecular compounds form ions upon dissolution?

Chemistry: the Central Science

Atoms Molecules and Ions

Stoichiometry Ratios of Combination

Reactions in Aqueous Solutions

Thermochemistry

Quantum Theory and the Electronic Structure of Atoms

Electron Configuration and the Periodic Table

Chemical Bonding I Basic Concepts

Chemical Bonding Ii Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories

Gases

Intermolecular Forces and the Physical Properties of Liquids and Solids

Modern Materials

Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Acid-Base Equilibria and Solubility Equilibria

Entropy Free Energy and Equilibrium

Electrochemistry

Nuclear Chemistry

Environmental Chemistry

Coordination Chemistry

Metallurgy and the Chemistry of Metals

Nonmetallic Elements and Their Compounds

Organic Chemistry

Filters

What is the molarity of a solution that is 26.0% by mass phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄)and that has a density of 1.155 g/mL?

What is the freezing point of an aqueous solution of NaCl that boils at 102.5°C? (For water,K_f = 1.86°C/m; K_b = 0.52°C/m)

A solution of potassium hydroxide is in equilibrium with undissolved solute at 45°C.What will happen if the temperature is raised to 50°C? (ΔH_soln = -57.6 kJ/mol)

Determine the freezing point of a solution which contains 0.31 mol of sucrose in 175 g of water.(For water,K_f = 1.86°C/m)