Question 1

Research on Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has found support for all of the following conclusions EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) Piaget's stages occur in the same order across various cultures 
B) children acquire many cognitive abilities earlier than Piaget thought 
C) Piaget's definition of cognitive development generalizes well to other cultures 
D) cognitive development often proceeds inconsistently within any particular stage

Question 2

Even though most adolescents get along relatively well with their parents, some parents and teenagers do appear to struggle with their relationships. Teens who report more conflict with parents are often more likely to have problems with school misconduct and antisocial behaviour. However, when interpreting this result, it is very important to remember that the ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) research conducted so far has focused exclusively on adolescents in the United States so we don't yet know if similar patterns exist in other cultures 
B) researchers in these studies have not been kept blind to the participants' condition, which limits the validity of the research 
C) correlation does not equal causation and it is difficult to tell what factor is causal in this relationship 
D) methods utilized in this research are very susceptible to experimenter expectancy effects

Question 3

According to the text, a sexually transmitted infection such as syphilis is an example of ____________ that can cause abnormalities in fetal development.

Accepted Answer

A) toxins 
B) teratogens 
C) antigens 
D) antibodies

Question 4

An infant who interprets her world primarily through her physical interactions with objects is most likely in Jean Piaget's ____________ stage, which starts from birth and lasts until age 2.

Accepted Answer

A) preconventional 
B) concrete operational 
C) preoperational 
D) sensorimotor

Question 5

Parents often like to dress little girls in pink clothes and little boys in blue clothes. While seemingly inconsequential, this actually is a clear example of

Accepted Answer

A) gender consistency 
B) sexual identity 
C) sex-typing 
D) gender indulgence 
E) the personal fable

Question 6

An individual who has committed to an identity and set of values before going through an identity crisis would be classified as having what type of identity status?

Accepted Answer

A) Foreclosure 
B) Identity diffusion 
C) Moratorium 
D) Identity achievement

Question 7

According to John Bowlby, the first attachment phase that a newborn infant goes through is the indiscriminate attachment behaviour phase.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

You are having a random conversation with someone on the train about what you're studying. When they find out you're taking a psychology course, they ask you if you've learned anything about aging. You let them know that, according to current research discussed in your textbook, _____ has been empirically studied as a way to improve performance on cognitive tasks.

Accepted Answer

A) participating in a drama production 
B) playing certain kinds of video games 
C) participation in a debate 
D) playing certain kinds of lotteries 
E) watching certain kinds of movies

Question 9

Studies of human and animal isolates suggest that infancy is a ___________ period where attachment forms most easily and facilitates later development.

Accepted Answer

A) receptive 
B) susceptible 
C) sensitive 
D) critical

Question 10

Eliska is nine months old. One of her favourite games is peek-a-boo, and recently she has begun to pry at her mother's fingers when mother covers her face. Eliska has developed _______________, the understanding that mother is still behind her hands even when Eliska can't see her.

Accepted Answer

A) sensory operations 
B) concrete operations 
C) conservation 
D) object permanence 
E) centration

Question 11

How does marital satisfaction typically change over time? What major events are associated with these changes?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How does marital satisfaction typically change over...

Question 12

The last stage of death and dying outlined by Kübler-Ross is ________ in which the individual experiences a resigned sense of peacefulness.

Accepted Answer

A) depression 
B) bargaining 
C) acceptance 
D) denial

Question 13

It has been six weeks since I was conceived. In what stage of prenatal development am I?

Accepted Answer

A) Germinal 
B) Embryonic 
C) Fetal 
D) Neonatal

Question 14

A Testis Determining Factor (TDF) is inherited through the father's x chromosome?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

According to James Marcia, individuals who want to establish a clear identity, and are currently experiencing an identity crisis that is not yet resolved, are classified as having a(n) ___________ status.

Accepted Answer

A) identity diffusion 
B) foreclosure 
C) moratorium 
D) identity achievement

Question 16

A researcher is interested in how self-esteem varies across the lifespan and decides to conduct a survey comparing people of different ages to address this issue. He recruits participants to be in one of four different age groups: 20 to 29, 30 to 39, 40 to 49, and 50 to 59. He has them complete a self-esteem survey, and then analyzes the data to see whether any patterns emerge. This study would be considered an example of a

Accepted Answer

A) longitudinal design 
B) double-blind design 
C) cross-sectional design 
D) sequential design

Question 17

Professor Lee is interested in the cognitive development of children. So she compares the problem solving strategies of a group of six-year olds with those of a group of twelve-year olds. Professor Lee's research uses a

Accepted Answer

A) stage design 
B) random design 
C) sequential design 
D) cross-sectional design 
E) longitudinal design

Question 18

Because of the stresses that accompany marriage and parenthood, studies around the globe find that married people experience less subjective well-being than unmarried adults.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The research on Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning would suggest all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) as children grow older, they progress from preconventional to conventional levels 
B) postconventional reasoning is relatively uncommon 
C) Kohlberg's theory has a Western cultural bias 
D) Kohlberg's theory reflects a female bias-men actually place greater value on responsibility 
E) moral judgements do not always reflect the same level or stage

Question 20

The organ that develops most dramatically during infancy and early childhood is the ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) brain 
B) genitals 
C) heart 
D) stomach

Exam 12: Development Over the Lifespan

Research on Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has found support for all of the following conclusions EXCEPT

According to the text, a sexually transmitted infection such as syphilis is an example of ____________ that can cause abnormalities in fetal development.

An infant who interprets her world primarily through her physical interactions with objects is most likely in Jean Piaget's ____________ stage, which starts from birth and lasts until age 2.

Parents often like to dress little girls in pink clothes and little boys in blue clothes. While seemingly inconsequential, this actually is a clear example of

An individual who has committed to an identity and set of values before going through an identity crisis would be classified as having what type of identity status?

According to John Bowlby, the first attachment phase that a newborn infant goes through is the indiscriminate attachment behaviour phase.

Studies of human and animal isolates suggest that infancy is a ___________ period where attachment forms most easily and facilitates later development.

Eliska is nine months old. One of her favourite games is peek-a-boo, and recently she has begun to pry at her mother's fingers when mother covers her face. Eliska has developed _______________, the understanding that mother is still behind her hands even when Eliska can't see her.

How does marital satisfaction typically change over time? What major events are associated with these changes?

The last stage of death and dying outlined by Kübler-Ross is ________ in which the individual experiences a resigned sense of peacefulness.

It has been six weeks since I was conceived. In what stage of prenatal development am I?

A Testis Determining Factor (TDF) is inherited through the father's x chromosome?

According to James Marcia, individuals who want to establish a clear identity, and are currently experiencing an identity crisis that is not yet resolved, are classified as having a(n) ___________ status.

Professor Lee is interested in the cognitive development of children. So she compares the problem solving strategies of a group of six-year olds with those of a group of twelve-year olds. Professor Lee's research uses a

Because of the stresses that accompany marriage and parenthood, studies around the globe find that married people experience less subjective well-being than unmarried adults.

The research on Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning would suggest all of the following EXCEPT

The organ that develops most dramatically during infancy and early childhood is the ___________.