Question 1

In pea plants, the genes for seed color and seed shape are on different chromosomes. Which of the following explains why the genes for these traits are not inherited together?

Accepted Answer

A) natural selection 
B) artificial selection 
C) the law of segregation 
D) the law of independent assortment

Question 2

A researcher is studying a particular disease-causing agent. The agent has a protein coat, but it lacks a nucleus, contains no other organelles, and can reproduce only when it is inside an animal cell. The researcher should classify the agent as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) a bacterium 
B) a fungus 
C) a protist 
D) a virus

Question 3

Garden pea plants can have yellow seeds or green seeds. In a pea plant that is heterozygous for seed color, the allele for yellow seeds masks the effects of the allele for green seeds.Which of the following terms best describes the allele for yellow seeds?

Accepted Answer

A) codominant 
B) dominant 
C) recessive 
D) sex-linked

Question 4

Which of the following processes produces the nucleotide sequence UUA from the sequence AAT?

Accepted Answer

A) meiosis 
B) replication 
C) respiration 
D) transcription

Question 5

The nose serves all the following functions except

Accepted Answer

A) providing an airway. 
B) moistening inhaled air. 
C) filtering dust and particles from inhaled air. 
D) transferring oxygen from the air to the bloodstream.

Question 6

In a mouse population inhabiting a grassland area, a mutation occurs that results in a new coat color allele.Which of the following factors has the greatest effect on whether the new coat color will become more common in the mouse population?

Accepted Answer

A) whether abundant food is available in the grassland 
B) whether the new coat color allele is dominant or recessive 
C) whether the rate of reproduction in the mouse population is stable 
D) whether the new coat color allele increases the survival of mice in their environment

Question 7

A population is separated into two groups by a geographic barrier. Over time, enough differences develop between the two groups that they do not interbreed when reunited. Which of the following terms best describes the process that has occurred?

Accepted Answer

A) extinction 
B) hybridization 
C) immigration 
D) speciation

Question 8

If scientists search other planets for possible life, they are likely to focus on the presence of molecules containing which of the following elements?

Accepted Answer

A) carbon 
B) iron 
C) potassium 
D) sodium

Question 9

Salivary amylase breaks down which class of organic molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) carbohydrates 
B) lipids 
C) nucleic acids 
D) proteins

Question 10

Which of the following is a main function of the cell wall?

Accepted Answer

A) to store carbohydrates for later use 
B) to give the cell a rigid structure 
C) to package proteins for export 
D) to carry out photosynthesis

Question 11

Which of the following genetic conditions results from a problem with segregation?

Accepted Answer

A) Trisomy 16: a condition caused when a zygote receives three copies of chromosome 16 
B) Huntington's disease: a condition caused when a zygote receives a mutated dominant allele 
C) Hemophilia: a condition caused when a zygote receives an X chromosome with a particular recessive allele 
D) Sickle cell anemia: a condition caused when a zygote receives a recessive allele for hemoglobin from each parent

Question 12

Which of the following matches a cell organelle with its function?

Accepted Answer

A) chloroplast-movement 
B) nucleus-cell regulation 
C) vacuole-energy production 
D) mitochondrion-photosynthesis

Question 13

Emphysema is a severe respiratory system disease. The disease causes damage that directly prevents the transfer of oxygen to the bloodstream.Which part of the respiratory system does emphysema damage?

Accepted Answer

A) alveoli 
B) bronchi 
C) larynx 
D) trachea

Question 14

There are two types of modern whales: toothed whales and baleen whales. Baleen whales ?lter plankton from the water using baleen, plates made of ?brous proteins that grow from the roof of their mouths. The embryos of baleen whales have teeth in their upper jaws. As the embryos develop, the teeth are replaced with baleen. Which of the following conclusions is best supported by this information?

Accepted Answer

A) Primitive whales had teeth as adults. 
B) Toothed whales descended from baleen whales. 
C) Baleen whales are evolving into toothed whales. 
D) Descendants of modern baleen whales will have both teeth and baleen as adults.

Question 15

In pure water, a red blood cell from an animal will swell and burst, but a leaf cell from a plant will not. Which structure in the leaf cell is responsible for this difference?

Accepted Answer

A) cell membrane 
B) cell wall 
C) mitochondrion 
D) nucleus

Question 16

The scientific name for the woodchuck is Marmota monax, and the scientific name for the long-tailed marmot is Marmota caudata. Which of the following statements describes the taxonomic relationship between the woodchuck and the long-tailed marmot?

Accepted Answer

A) They belong to different phyla. 
B) They belong to the same genus. 
C) They belong to the same species. 
D) They belong to different families.

Question 17

An inherited metabolic disorder called phenylketonuria (PKU) can result in serious problems in infancy. The chance that two parents who are heterozygous will have a child with PKU is 25%.Which of the following terms best applies to the inheritance pattern for PKU?

Accepted Answer

A) codominant 
B) dominant 
C) recessive 
D) sex-linked

Question 18

There is a limit to how large any given population can grow. Which of the following statements best explains why apopulation must eventually stop growing?

Accepted Answer

A) A low female-to-male ratio develops in the population as it grows. 
B) Old individuals outnumber juveniles in the population as it grows. 
C) The resources available are fully used by the population as it grows. 
D) Natural selection changes the gene pool of the population as it grows.

Question 19

Until recently, the myrtle warbler and the Audubon's warbler were thought to be separate species of birds because the males have very different appearances. Which of the following observations most likely led to the reclassification of these warblers as one species?

Accepted Answer

A) The myrtle warbler and the Audubon's warbler have the same diet. 
B) The myrtle warbler and the Audubon's warbler lay the same number of eggs. 
C) The myrtle warbler and the Audubon's warbler have overlapping geographical ranges. 
D) The myrtle warbler and the Audubon's warbler interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

Question 20

Energy for most chemical reactions in cells is supplied by which of the following molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) ATP 
B) DNA 
C) adrenaline 
D) hemoglobin

Exam 1: Biology

In pea plants, the genes for seed color and seed shape are on different chromosomes. Which of the following explains why the genes for these traits are not inherited together?

A researcher is studying a particular disease-causing agent. The agent has a protein coat, but it lacks a nucleus, contains no other organelles, and can reproduce only when it is inside an animal cell. The researcher should classify the agent as which of the following?

Garden pea plants can have yellow seeds or green seeds. In a pea plant that is heterozygous for seed color, the allele for yellow seeds masks the effects of the allele for green seeds.Which of the following terms best describes the allele for yellow seeds?

Which of the following processes produces the nucleotide sequence UUA from the sequence AAT?

The nose serves all the following functions except

In a mouse population inhabiting a grassland area, a mutation occurs that results in a new coat color allele.Which of the following factors has the greatest effect on whether the new coat color will become more common in the mouse population?

A population is separated into two groups by a geographic barrier. Over time, enough differences develop between the two groups that they do not interbreed when reunited. Which of the following terms best describes the process that has occurred?

If scientists search other planets for possible life, they are likely to focus on the presence of molecules containing which of the following elements?

Salivary amylase breaks down which class of organic molecules?

Which of the following is a main function of the cell wall?

Which of the following genetic conditions results from a problem with segregation?

Which of the following matches a cell organelle with its function?

Emphysema is a severe respiratory system disease. The disease causes damage that directly prevents the transfer of oxygen to the bloodstream.Which part of the respiratory system does emphysema damage?

In pure water, a red blood cell from an animal will swell and burst, but a leaf cell from a plant will not. Which structure in the leaf cell is responsible for this difference?

The scientific name for the woodchuck is Marmota monax, and the scientific name for the long-tailed marmot is Marmota caudata. Which of the following statements describes the taxonomic relationship between the woodchuck and the long-tailed marmot?

An inherited metabolic disorder called phenylketonuria (PKU) can result in serious problems in infancy. The chance that two parents who are heterozygous will have a child with PKU is 25%.Which of the following terms best applies to the inheritance pattern for PKU?

There is a limit to how large any given population can grow. Which of the following statements best explains why apopulation must eventually stop growing?

Until recently, the myrtle warbler and the Audubon's warbler were thought to be separate species of birds because the males have very different appearances. Which of the following observations most likely led to the reclassification of these warblers as one species?

Energy for most chemical reactions in cells is supplied by which of the following molecules?