Question 1

The molecule ATP is composed of elements commonly found in organic molecules. Which of the following is one of these elements?

Accepted Answer

A) aluminum 
B) calcium 
C) phosphorus 
D) tin

Question 2

Which of the following environmental conditions makes water less available to plants for growth?

Accepted Answer

A) Soil in the area is organically rich. 
B) Ground cover is effective at slowing erosion. 
C) High humidity lowers the rates of transpiration. 
D) Cold temperatures freeze the water in and on the ground.

Question 3

Which of the following statements best summarizes a change that is represented by the arrows labeled "3" in the diagrams?

Accepted Answer

A) A nucleus is formed in each cell. 
B) Each cell divides to form two daughter cells. 
C) A chain of amino acids is folded to form a protein in each cell. 
D) Proteins are transported through the plasma membrane of each cell.

Question 4

The atmosphere contains about 80% nitrogen gas, but nitrogen in this form cannot be used by plants. Which of the following processes converts atmospheric nitrogen to a useful form for plants?

Accepted Answer

A) nitrogen decomposition 
B) nitrogen fixation 
C) photosynthesis 
D) transpiration

Question 5

Many plants have waxy coatings on some surfaces. This coating reduces water loss because it is not water-permeable. This waxy coating is which of the following types of organic molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) carbohydrate 
B) lipid 
C) nucleic aci 
D) protein

Question 6

Mallory has four aquatic plants of the same size and species. She submerges each plant in a separate beaker filled with 200 mL of water. She then sets each beaker under a different intensity of light. Mallory observes that, of the four plants, the plant in the beaker under the most intense light gives off the most gas bubbles in a 20 min period.Which of the following statements best explains Mallory's observations?

Accepted Answer

A) Cells decompose most quickly under the most intense light. 
B) Water evaporates from plants fastest under the most intense light. 
C) Photosynthesis occurs at the highest rate under the most intense light. 
D) Gases in the leaves of plants expand most under the most intense light.

Question 7

In tomato plants, the tall vine allele (T) is dominant to the short vine allele (t). Two tomato plants are crossed. Among the offspring plants grown from seed, 45% have tall vines and 55% have short vines.What are the most likely genotypes of the parent plants?

Accepted Answer

A) TT and tt 
B) Tt and TT 
C) Tt and tt 
D) tt and tt

Question 8

The amount of water a plant has in its tissues is determined primarily by the balance of which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

A) runoff and root absorption 
B) respiration and photosynthesis 
C) precipitation and photosynthesis 
D) root absorption and transpiration

Question 9

An invasive species of green algae has become established along the coasts of the Mediterranean Sea. Which of the following statements best explains why this species of algae has been so successful in the Mediterranean Sea?

Accepted Answer

A) It is not a good competitor. 
B) It is not eaten by many animals. 
C) It reproduces slowly in warm waters. 
D) It requires more nutrients than most other algae.

Question 10

Which of the following organisms is a secondary consumer in this food web?

Accepted Answer

A) yellow-bellied marmot 
B) strawberry plant 
C) least chipmunk 
D) king bolete

Question 11

Which of the following relationships is an example of mutualism?

Accepted Answer

A) A lion eats a gazelle. 
B) A virus uses both a bird and a horse as hosts. 
C) A bacterium breaks down dead plant materials. 
D) A bird eats food particles from a crocodile's teeth.

Question 12

Individuals with one form of lactose intolerance do not produce the enzyme lactase because the gene coding for the production of lactase is shut off in their cells. This means that which of the following processes does not occur for the gene?

Accepted Answer

A) hydrogenation 
B) mutation 
C) replication 
D) transcription

Question 13

A caterpillar eats an oak leaf. Which of the following best describes the energy transfer in this situation?

Accepted Answer

A) Both the caterpillar and the leaf gain energy. 
B) Energy is transferred from the leaf to the caterpillar. 
C) Decomposers in the leaf obtain energy from the caterpillar.. 
D) The oak tree gains energy when the caterpillar eats the leaf.

Question 14

Capillaries are part of which body system?

Accepted Answer

A) skeletal system 
B) nervous system 
C) digestive system 
D) circulatory system

Question 15

Lemur body types can vary widely. In addition to fossils and comparative anatomy, which of the following types of evidence can scientists reliably use to study the evolution of the variety of lemur body types?

Accepted Answer

A) lifespan 
B) population sizes 
C) DNA sequences 
D) male-to-female ratio

Question 16

When lactose is digested by the human body, each lactose molecule is broken down into smaller molecules. To which of the following categories of molecules do these smaller molecules belong?

Accepted Answer

A) amino acids 
B) monosaccharides 
C) nucleic acids 
D) polypeptides

Question 17

The outermost tail feather of the male barn swallow is longer than that of the female barn swallow. The long tail feather helps the males attract females, but it also requires the males to use extra energy to fly.The long tail feather trait is maintained in the barn swallow populations because, compared to males with a shorter tail feather, males with a longer tail feather are more likely to

Accepted Answer

A) build a large nest. 
B) produce offspring. 
C) migrate each winter. 
D) escape from predators.

Question 18

Which of the following releases oxygen into this food web ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

A) elk respiration 
B) Idaho fescue photosynthesis 
C) sweet cicely root decomposition 
D) migratory grasshopper reproduction

Question 19

Baby food manufacturers sometimes use proteases in their products. Proteases catalyze the breakdown of the proteins in these foods, making digestion easier for infants. Proteases are which of the following types of molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) enzymes 
B) fatty acids 
C) hormones 
D) monosaccharides

Question 20

In pigeons, the allele B produces ashred feathers. The allele b produces blue feathers. The B allele is dominant to the b allele. A pigeon with genotype Bb is crossed with a pigeon with genotype bb. What percent of the offspring are expected to have ash-red feathers?

Accepted Answer

A) 0% 
B) 25% 
C) 50% 
D) 100%

Exam 1: Biology