Question 1

Although older individuals experience some decreases related to speedy decision-making, they can often retrieve a great deal of stored facts from long-term memory.This ability to retrieve stored facts exemplifies

Accepted Answer

A) crystallized abilities. 
B) fluid abilities. 
C) scaffolding. 
D) intuition.

Question 2

Notable events, such as graduating from high school, getting married, having a child, or the death of a parent are best described as

Accepted Answer

A) moral dilemmas 
B) developmental tasks 
C) psychosocial dilemmas 
D) developmental milestones

Question 3

A child who is just starting school and trying to develop learning skills is in Erikson's stage called

Accepted Answer

A) initiative vs.guilt. 
B) industry vs.inferiority. 
C) generativity vs.stagnation. 
D) integrity vs.despair.

Question 4

Positive interactions occur between parent and child when

Accepted Answer

A) they spend enjoyable time together. 
B) parents encourage their children. 
C) there is mutual respect. 
D) all of these are present.

Question 5

When Bobby misbehaves in a store, his father looks angrily at him, does not speak to him, and walks away, ignoring Bobby's pleas for forgiveness.Bobby's father is exhibiting which approach to controlling Bobby's behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) management techniques 
B) power assertion 
C) passive enforcement 
D) withdrawal of love

Question 6

With aging, there is a decline of _____ abilities, but not of _____ abilities.

Accepted Answer

A) fluid; fixed 
B) fixed; fluid 
C) fluid; crystallized 
D) crystallized; fluid

Question 7

A hospice is

Accepted Answer

A) the period of emotional adjustment that follows the death of a loved one. 
B) the intense emotional state that follows the death of a lover, friend, or relative. 
C) an assisted living facility that caters to the physically and mentally disabled. 
D) a medical facility or program dedicated to providing optimal care for persons who are dying.

Question 8

You-messages tell children _____; I-messages tell children _____.

Accepted Answer

A) what's "wrong" with them; what effect their behavior has on you 
B) what effect their behavior has on you; what's "wrong" with them. 
C) that you are sensitive to their needs; that you are only concerned with your own needs. 
D) that you are only concerned with your own needs; that you are sensitive to their needs.

Question 9

Pedro is eight years old and is in elementary school.According to Erikson's theory, the major conflict for Pedro is

Accepted Answer

A) autonomy vs.shame and doubt. 
B) initiative vs.guilt. 
C) industry vs.inferiority. 
D) identity vs.role confusion.

Question 10

Although Scott does not like to do lawn work, he cares for his lawn because "what would people think if he let his yard grow up." When using this line of reasoning, Scott is exhibiting which level of moral development?

Accepted Answer

A) preoperational level 
B) preconventional level 
C) conventional level 
D) postconventional level

Question 11

When Dave was told by his doctor that he was in the advanced stages of cancer, Dave immediately questioned the report and sought a second opinion from another doctor.Dave is exhibiting which reaction to impending death?

Accepted Answer

A) acceptance 
B) bargaining 
C) depression 
D) denial

Question 12

Patti does not speed on the highway because she is afraid of getting another ticket and losing her license and her insurance.If Patti uses this type of moral reasoning in most situations, one could say that Patti is at the _____ of moral development.

Accepted Answer

A) preconventional level 
B) conventional level 
C) postconventional level 
D) postformal level

Question 13

Sandy and her six-year-old son Tim are in a department store when Tim begins nagging her for a toy.Sandy tells him "no," but later she feels guilty and buys him the toy.Sandy is exhibiting

Accepted Answer

A) authoritative parenting. 
B) inconsistent discipline. 
C) democratic parenting. 
D) the management techniques approach.

Question 14

According to Levinson, people who "break out" of a seriously flawed life structure usually experience

Accepted Answer

A) lasting requests for quitting their previous life structure. 
B) a crisis of questioning. 
C) eight to ten years of rebuilding. 
D) all of these.

Question 15

Regarding self-esteem, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Children with low self-esteem are more withdrawn and tend to perform below average. 
B) Children with high self-esteem tend to be more popular, cooperative, and successful in class. 
C) Children who are disciplined with the power assertion discipline style are more likely to show high self-esteem. 
D) Children who feel that their parents support them emotionally tend to have high self-esteem.

Question 16

Elaine and Jeffery have been married for five years.Elaine spends her time taking care of their two-year-old son, while Jeffery spends his time watching television or going out "with the guys." She and Jeffery do not share any common interests, and they seldom talk to each other except about their son.Erikson would say that Elaine is experiencing

Accepted Answer

A) mistrust. 
B) isolation. 
C) inferiority. 
D) despair.

Question 17

Vocabulary and stored knowledge

Accepted Answer

A) reach their peak a few years after high school or college. 
B) are examples of divergent abilities. 
C) are examples of fluid abilities. 
D) are examples of crystallized abilities.

Question 18

Generativity refers to

Accepted Answer

A) concern for the welfare of others and society as a whole. 
B) the desire to have children and thereby ensure survival of the species. 
C) the ability to establish adequate social and financial security. 
D) active acceptance of aging and the social changes it brings.

Question 19

As death draws near, the person begins to recognize that death cannot be prevented and that he or she will be separated from friends, loved ones, and the familiar routines of life.This fourth stage of impending death is

Accepted Answer

A) anger 
B) denial and isolation 
C) bargaining 
D) depression

Question 20

Refusing to speak to a child is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) management techniques. 
B) power assertion. 
C) passive enforcement. 
D) withdrawal of love.

Exam 3: Extension C: Human Development