Question 1

Children have learned _____ when they understand that rolling a ball of clay into a "snake" does not increase the amount of clay or that pouring liquid from a tall, narrow glass into a shallow dish does not reduce the amount of liquid.

Accepted Answer

A) animism 
B) object permanence 
C) conservation 
D) egocentrism

Question 2

Regarding the affection and attention given an infant during the first year of life, which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) One of the most important developments of the first year of life is the creation of a bond of trust and affection between the infant and at least one other person. 
B) It is nearly impossible to spoil a baby with too much attention during the first year or two. 
C) The capacity to form warm and loving relationships in later life may depend on having early affectional needs met. 
D) All of these statements are true.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT considered one of the primary criteria for adult status in the North America today?

Accepted Answer

A) getting married 
B) taking responsibility for oneself 
C) making independent decisions 
D) becoming financially independent

Question 4

When parents around the world use a high-pitched, rising melody, they are

Accepted Answer

A) warning their baby. 
B) comforting their baby. 
C) calling attention to objects. 
D) praising their baby.

Question 5

A child and her father are walking.The child knows there are such things as birds but has never seen a bluebird before.Upon seeing one, she says, "See the birdie," and her father replies, "Yes, that's a bluebird." This example demonstrates

Accepted Answer

A) assimilation. 
B) accommodation. 
C) conservation. 
D) object permanence.

Question 6

According to Chomsky, humans have a _____ to develop language.

Accepted Answer

A) perceptual set 
B) telegraphic readiness 
C) learning set 
D) biological predisposition

Question 7

A child and her father are walking.The child knows there are such things as birds.Upon seeing a butterfly, she says, "See the birdie," and her father replies, "No, that's a butterfly; see how small it is." The child learns about butterflies.This example demonstrates

Accepted Answer

A) assimilation. 
B) accommodation. 
C) conservation. 
D) object permanence.

Question 8

Luis watches his mother open two equal containers of milk and pour each container of milk into a glass.She pours one container of milk into a glass that is short and wide, while the other glass is tall and thin.Although both glasses contain the same amount of milk, Luis wants the tall, thin glass because he says it has "more milk." Luis is

Accepted Answer

A) unable to demonstrate egocentrism. 
B) unable to demonstrate object permanence. 
C) developmentally delayed in his cognitive development. 
D) unable to make a transformation.

Question 9

Between the ages of _____, a tremendous wave of growth occurs in connections among neurons in the frontal areas of the brain.This corresponds to the time when children make rapid progress in their ability to think symbolically.

Accepted Answer

A) 3 and 6 years 
B) 7 and 11 years 
C) 12 and 15 years 
D) 16 and 19 years

Question 10

Which of the following would be considered a signal in early language development?

Accepted Answer

A) touching 
B) tasting 
C) visualizations 
D) audition

Question 11

According to Vygotsky, which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Children's thinking develops through dialogues with more capable persons. 
B) Adults unconsciously adjust their behavior to give children the information they need to solve problems that interest the child. 
C) During their collaborations with adults, children learn important cultural beliefs and values. 
D) All of these statements are true.

Question 12

Regarding crying, which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Babies are able to cry from birth on. 
B) By one month of age, babies use crying to gain attention. 
C) Parents can usually tell if an infant is hungry, angry, or in pain from the tone of the crying. 
D) All of these statements are true.

Question 13

In _____ families, child discipline is usually fairly strict for all age children and is often seen as necessary to promote safety and security.These families also emphasize loyalty and interdependence among family members; respect for elders; and the development of a positive identity, self-reliance, resourcefulness, and the ability to take care of oneself in difficult situations.

Accepted Answer

A) African-American 
B) Hispanic 
C) Asian 
D) European-American

Question 14

Minority teens may

Accepted Answer

A) feel excluded by the majority group. 
B) encounter negative stereotypes that can lower self-esteem. 
C) experience confusion regarding personal identity at home and at school. 
D) experience all of these.

Question 15

Regarding identity formation, which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Ethnic adolescents often feel torn between popular culture and their family and their community. 
B) Many problems of identity formation stem from unclear standards about the role adolescents should play within society. 
C) Ethnic adolescents often face degrading stereotypes concerning their intelligence, sexuality, social status, and manners, which can lower self-esteem. 
D) All of these statements are true.

Question 16

Six-year-old Gerean is taking music, dance, gymnastic, and art lessons each week as well as watching educational videos and going through stacks of math flashcards each night.Gerean's schedule illustrates

Accepted Answer

A) the "one-step-ahead strategy." 
B) forced teaching or "hothousing." 
C) adaptive processes of assimilation and accommodation. 
D) the method typically utilized for teaching formal operational thinking.

Question 17

_____ is thinking that makes little or no use of reasoning or logic.

Accepted Answer

A) Convergent thought 
B) Inductive thinking 
C) Intuitive thought 
D) Deductive thinking

Question 18

Kristen is 22 years old, still living at home, never married, has no children, and no settled career.Regarding Kristen's status, which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) She would be known as a "twixter" in the United States. 
B) She is part of a new social status referred to as "emerging adulthood." 
C) Kristen's status has become increasingly common in affluent Westernized cultures. 
D) All of these statements are true.

Question 19

Regarding maternal and paternal influences, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) The different caregiving styles of fathers and mothers have a major impact on children's gender role development. 
B) Mothers tend to be around their children more and offer comfort, nurturance, and verbal stimulation. 
C) Because fathers tend to be playmates rather than caregivers, their role in early child development is minimal. 
D) Fathers provide their children with action, exploration, and risk-taking.

Question 20

The development of object permanence is to the sensorimotor stage as the development of conservation and reversibility are to the

Accepted Answer

A) formal operations stage. 
B) preoperational stage. 
C) informal operational stage. 
D) concrete operational stage.

Exam 3: Extension B: Human Development