Question 1

Which of the following is FALSE concerning language development?

Accepted Answer

A) The first seven years of life are a sensitive period in language development. 
B) Environmental forces influence whether a person develops simple or sophisticated language. 
C) A biological predisposition determines if we will speak English or Vietnamese, Spanish, or Russian. 
D) As a child's speaking improves, parents tend to adjust their speech to the child's language ability.

Question 2

According to Vygotsky, _____ refers to the range of tasks a child cannot yet master alone but that she or he can accomplish with the guidance of a more capable partner.

Accepted Answer

A) zone of cognitive development 
B) zone of vicarious learning 
C) zone of proximal development 
D) zone of task learning

Question 3

According to Vygotsky, the term _____ represents a framework or temporary support that helps a child learn.

Accepted Answer

A) development 
B) proximal 
C) opportunity 
D) scaffolding

Question 4

According to Piaget, one of the major developments during the sensorimotor stage is the emergence of the concept of

Accepted Answer

A) conservation. 
B) reversibility. 
C) object permanence. 
D) transformation.

Question 5

Competent children who are characterized by autonomy, self-control, and curiosity are often a consequence of the parenting style described as

Accepted Answer

A) authoritarian. 
B) authoritative. 
C) permissive. 
D) submissive.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT present in the preoperational stage?

Accepted Answer

A) the ability to reverse thoughts or operations 
B) egocentric thought 
C) the ability to think symbolically 
D) the tendency to confuse words with the objects they represent

Question 7

A period of _____ now stretches from the late teens to the mid-twenties in which young people tend to actively explore love, work, and world views.

Accepted Answer

A) generativity 
B) disengagement 
C) emerging adulthood 
D) late adolescence

Question 8

Kao Yee would be considered to have adult status because she

Accepted Answer

A) got married. 
B) had a baby. 
C) has left her parents' home and has a job. 
D) graduated from college.

Question 9

A child who thinks that the sun and moon are following him is exhibiting _____ thought.

Accepted Answer

A) convergent 
B) inductive 
C) intuitive 
D) deductive

Question 10

Grant is sitting in his high chair calling to his dog, "Here Dog." He then turns to his mother and says "Want juice." Grant is exhibiting

Accepted Answer

A) cooing. 
B) telegraphic speech. 
C) the single-word stage. 
D) babbling.

Question 11

Regarding the transition to adulthood, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Today the challenge of identity formation has been complicated by the fact that more and more young people are deferring young adulthood. 
B) Western industrialized societies, like the United States and Canada, are becoming increasingly intolerant of this period of extended adolescence. 
C) In less affluent countries and in poorer parts of America, most adolescents continue to "become adults" at much younger ages. 
D) Adulthood cannot be defined solely in terms of physical maturation.

Question 12

Two-year-old Mark is looking for his toy.His mother finds one of his cars and hands it to Mark.He says, "Not ball," meaning the car is not what he wanted.According to Noam Chomsky, Mark is exhibiting which pattern of speech?

Accepted Answer

A) identification 
B) command 
C) negation 
D) possession

Question 13

Although it is dangerous to generalize about groups of people, traditional African-American families, as a rule, value

Accepted Answer

A) loyalty and interdependence of family members. 
B) self-reliance, persistence, and a positive identity. 
C) obedience and respect for elders. 
D) all of these.

Question 14

In the _____ culture, parenting tends to be lenient and permissive for the first few years.Then, after age five, these parents begin to expect respect, obedience, self-control, and self-discipline from their children.The parents also tend to act as teachers who encourage hard work, moral behavior, and achievement as well as setting aside one's own desires when the greater good of the family is at stake.

Accepted Answer

A) Asian-American 
B) African-American 
C) Hispanic 
D) Arab-American

Question 15

Telegraphic speech refers to

Accepted Answer

A) the single-word stage of language learning. 
B) the continuous outpouring of meaningless vowel and consonant sounds. 
C) words that communicate only part of an idea. 
D) simple two-word sentences characteristic of early speech.

Question 16

Fathers are more likely than mothers to

Accepted Answer

A) feed their children. 
B) provide more caregiving. 
C) speak more often to their children. 
D) engage in unusual play.

Question 17

_____ parents control their children's behavior in a caring, responsive manner that is not harsh or rigid.They want their children to comply with their request for a reason, not because they, as parents, said to do it.

Accepted Answer

A) Authoritarian parenting 
B) Permissive parenting 
C) Authoritative parenting 
D) Collaborative parenting

Question 18

Regarding adolescence and puberty, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) The length of adolescence is the same in all cultures. 
B) The period of adolescence is recognized in nearly all cultures. 
C) Adolescence is not the same as the period called puberty. 
D) Adolescence is the culturally defined period between childhood and adulthood.

Question 19

Exaggerated or musical voice inflections are characteristic of

Accepted Answer

A) semantic transformations. 
B) phonetic prompting. 
C) parentese or motherese. 
D) syntactical expressions.

Question 20

After about the age of _____, children begin to break away from concrete objects and specific examples with their thinking being based more on abstract principles, such as "democracy," "honor," or "correlation."

Accepted Answer

A) five 
B) seven 
C) nine 
D) eleven

Exam 3: Extension B: Human Development