Chat with AIExam 8: Making Decisions and Solving Problems
Describe the different stages of development that a fertilized egg undergoes to become a fully developed baby.
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VerifiedWhen an egg becomes fertilized by a sperm, the resulting one-celled entity, called a zygote, immediately begins to develop. The zygote starts out as a microscopic speck. Three days after fertilization, though, the zygote increases to around 32 cells; within a week it has grown to 100-150 cells. These first 2 weeks are known as the germinal period.
Two weeks after conception, the developing individual enters the embryonic period, which lasts from week 2 through week 8; he or she is now called an embryo. As an embryo develops through an intricate, preprogrammed process of cell division, it grows 10,000 times larger by 4 weeks of age and attains a length of about one-fifth of an inch. At this point it has developed a rudimentary beating heart, a brain, an intestinal tract, and a number of other organs. Although all these organs are at a primitive stage of development, they are clearly recognizable. Moreover, by week 8, the embryo is about an inch long and has discernible arms, legs, and a face.
From week 8 and continuing until birth, the developing individual enters the fetal period and is called a fetus. At the start of this period, it begins to respond to touch; it bends its fingers when touched on the hand. At 16 to 18 weeks, its movements become strong enough for the mother to sense them. At the same time, hair may begin to grow on its head, and the facial features become similar to those the child will display at birth. Within the womb the fetus continues to develop before birth. It begins to grow fatty deposits under the skin, and it gains weight. The fetus reaches the age of viability, the point at which it can survive if born prematurely, at about prenatal age 22 weeks. By week 24, a fetus has many of the characteristics it will display as a newborn.
In the final weeks of pregnancy, the fetus continues to gain weight and grow. At the end of the normal 38 weeks of pregnancy, the fetus typically weighs 7 pounds and is about 20 inches in length.
Which of the following chromosomal combination is present in a typical male child?
(34) VerifiedB
Which theory of aging suggests that human cells have a built-in time limit to their reproduction and that they are no longer able to divide after a certain time?
(31) VerifiedB
Dawn is 1 week of age. Ellis is 6 years of age. Fritzi is 9 years of age. Girard is 15 years of age. In the context of the stages of development suggested by Piaget, which of the following pairs is correctly matched?
(37) Which theory of aging suggests that the mechanical functions of the body work less efficiently as people age?
(38) The "strange situation" experiment is associated with _____; it helps classify the attachment behavior of _____.
(35) The "Woodstock generation" refers to middle- and upper-middle-class Americans who reached late adolescence or early adulthood in the later 1960s. This group of people who grew up at similar times, in similar places, and in similar conditions are most likely to be referred to by developmental psychologists as a(n) ______ group.
(27) Compared with children in two-parent families, children in single-parent families are:
(30) Girls typically experience the adolescent growth spurt _____ than do boys.
(38) Which of the following chromosomal combination is present in a typical female child?
(34) To stop baby Rudy from crying for a sharp knife on the kitchen table, his mother put it in her apron pocket. "Out of sight, out of mind," she said, and it worked. Rudy's mother has capitalized on his lack of the concept of:
(39) According to Erikson, the first stage of a child's psychosocial development is the _____ stage.
(35) Baby Lisa automatically turns her head in the direction of any touch on the cheeks. This is the _____ reflex.
(37) Twelve-year-old Nathaniel was having trouble solving the word problems in his math homework. However, when his dad helped him by reading the problems aloud and emphasizing the important information, Nathaniel could solve all the problems correctly. Which of the following concepts is being illustrated in this scenario?
(32) An infant can survive on its own if it is born at least 22 weeks following conception. This is called the age of ______ .
(40) Edward is 8 years of age and is currently in the second grade. In the context of the theory propagated by Piaget, Edward is in the _____ stage of cognitive development.
(26) A researcher raises a sample of unrelated macaque monkeys in identical laboratory environments. He finds significant differences among these monkeys in their preference for novel visual stimuli. What might the researcher legitimately conclude concerning the relative effects of nature and nurture on the preference for visual novelty?
(37) During the Vietnam War, Michael moved from the United States to Canada to avoid the draft. He didn't want to go to war because he was afraid he might be killed or seriously injured. Michael's reasons for not going to war reflect the _____ stage of moral reasoning established by Kohlberg.
(36) Two-year-old Zack has an inherited disorder in which his body can't break down fat. He will probably die by the time he is four. Which of the following diseases is Zack most likely suffering from?
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