Exam 8: Making Decisions and Solving Problems

Gavin is always anxious when his mother is away at work. When she returns, he wants to be close to her but at the same time shows his anger by hitting her. Gavin's attachment style can be best described as ______ .

Select either (a) Baumrind's four parenting styles or (b) Erikson's four stages of psychosocial development occurring during childhood. Name each style or stage, and provide a brief vignette or "case study" of a child exhibiting each style or stage.

According to Erikson, adolescents are primarily engaged in resolving the psychosocial crisis of:

Clarissa's mother was 38 years old when she gave birth to her. Clarissa suffers from an intellectual disability, and doctors have diagnosed that her condition is due to the extra chromosome that she received at the time of conception. Identify the condition afflicting Clarissa.

Dr. Carruthers believes that a combination of hereditary and environmental factors influences development. Dr. Carruthers has adopted a(n) ______ position on the nature-nurture issue related to development.

Yolanda is 24, Zachary is 44, and Andrew is 73. Assume that each successfully completes the identity crisis associated with his or her stage as proposed by Erikson. Which of the following alternatives matches each individual with the correct developmental outcome?

From the late teens into the mid-20s, individuals are in a transitional phase that developmental psychologists call _____ adulthood.

Preschoolers can hold only 2 or 3 chunks of information in short-term memory, 5-year-olds can hold four, and 7-year-olds can hold _____.

Which technique of developmental researchers requires a significant expenditure of time as a researcher waits for the participants to get older?

Some Western legal systems consider either 7 or 8 as the age at which a child attains reason. Is such a designation defensible from a Piagetian standpoint?

Grace is a 19-year-old college sophomore. She is living away from home for the first time and is trying to decide on a major. Grace is in a phase of life that developmental psychologists term _____ adulthood.

Two weeks after conception, a developing fertilized egg is called a(n) _____.

Bea is 70 years old and works part-time at a discount store. She keeps herself busy by engaging in various activities she enjoyed during middle adulthood. She volunteers occasionally at a local food bank and enjoys the company of her family and the members of her bridge club. According to the _____ theory of aging, Bea is aging successfully.

List and describe the various stages cited by Elisabeth Kübler-Ross regarding people facing impending death.

Bonnie is 3 months old. Her parents are inconsistent in attending to her needs. Sometimes they are very attentive, feeding her promptly when she cries and comforting her when she seems upset. At other times, Bonnie cries for a long time before her parents attend to her. Based on Erikson's theory, it is likely that Bonnie will develop:

A _____ reflex prompts babies to clear their throats.

_____ is the positive emotional bond that develops between a child and a particular individual.

Which of the following sequences accurately reflects the order of Piaget's stages of cognitive development, from birth through adolescence?

Which of the following is true of cross-sectional research?

In the context of the experiments conducted by Mary Ainsworth, the _____ attachment style describes a child who exhibits distress at his mother's departure in the Ainsworth strange situation but is easily soothed on her return.