Exam 8: Making Decisions and Solving Problems

According to Erikson, the psychosocial crisis of the intimacy-versus-isolation stage occurs:

Outline the perceptual capabilities of very young infants. How might these capabilities inform one's position on the nature-versus-nurture debate? Provide as thoughtful a response as you can.

According to Carol Gilligan, women's morality centers on individual well-being and social relationships-a morality of ______ .

Based on Harlow's research with monkeys, which of the following would prove to be most effective in comforting a frightened infant or child?

In the _____ stage of development, a developing individual is less than an inch long and has developed a rudimentary beating heart, a brain, an intestinal tract, and a number of other organs that are at a primitive stage of development.

According to the _____ theory of aging, aging produces a gradual withdrawal from the world on physical, psychological, and social levels.

Belinda is eight weeks pregnant. Her developing baby is now called a(n) ______ .

Which of the following constructs primarily reflects that "nature" is more influential than "nurture"?

Distinguish between cross-sectional and longitudinal research methods. Provide an example of each. Identify at least one advantage and one disadvantage of each type of method.

Cross-sectional research techniques provide information about _____ in development between different age groups. Longitudinal research techniques provide information concerning _____ in behavior over time.

A condition resulting in below-average intelligence, growth delays, and facial deformities is called ______.

_____ occurs when beta amyloid precursor protein goes awry, producing large clumps of cells that trigger inflammation and deterioration of nerve cells.

According to Erikson, people enter the generativity-versus-stagnation stage during _____.

Jay complains to his father that he wants more juice than he has. His father takes the juice Jay has in his glass and pours it into a taller but narrower glass. Jay is now content that he has more juice. Jay has failed to grasp the concept of:

Skills relating to ______ intelligence remain steady during late adulthood and in some cases also improve.

Unlearned automatic responses to particular stimuli are called ______ .

The one-celled entity formed by the union of an egg and a sperm is called a:

The longest part of a pregnancy, from the 8th week through to birth, is the _____ period.

Normal prenatal development occurs in 95 to 98 percent of all pregnancies. Identify two genetic or chromosomal abnormalities and two teratogens associated with birth defects in the remaining 2 to 5 percent of pregnancies. Describe the nature of their effects on development.

Eliza takes her 1-year-old son, Danny, to visit an infant-toddler program in which she hopes to enroll him. Danny eagerly explores the room as long as Eliza is present. When Eliza leaves the room to fill out some forms, Danny becomes somewhat upset. When she returns, he quickly calms down. In the context of the findings of Mary Ainsworth, which of the following terms best describes Danny's attachment style?