Exam 13: Innovation, Intrapreneurship, and Creativity

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In the ________ stage of the life cycle of a product, many consumers enter the market and buy the product for the first time.

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At which stage of a stage-gate development funnel do prospective managers develop a detailed product development plan that includes information about factors such as strategic and financial objectives and human resource requirements?

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What is a "skunk works?" How can it be used to foster innovation?

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A skunk works is a task force, a temporary team that is created to expedite new product design and to promote innovation by coordinating the activities of functional groups. The task force consists of members of the R&D, engineering, manufacturing, and marketing functions who are assigned to a separate facility, at a location isolated from the rest of the organization. This independent "autonomous"setting gives skunk works members the opportunity to engage in the intensive face-to-face interactions necessary for successful innovation. As a team, skunk works members "own the problem": They are the intrapreneurs responsible for the project's success or failure. Thus a skunk works is an island of innovation; it provides a large organization with a small-organization-type setting in which skunk works members have the opportunity and motivation to bring a new product to market quickly.

The term "information synergies" represents the knowledge building created when two or more individuals or subunits pool their resources and cooperate and collaborate across role or subunit boundaries.

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A typical stage-gate development funnel has five stages.

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According to Philip Anderson and Michael Tushman, technological discontinuities result due to incremental innovation.

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________ are typically granted to people who create intellectual property, such as written or visual works such as books, videogames, poems, and songs.

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Typically, use of IT results in a flatter organization.

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A lightweight team leader is given primary control over key human, technological, and financial resources for the duration of the project.

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The ________ stage in a product life cycle begins when market demand peaks because most customers have already bought the product.

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TQM is an example of an incremental innovation.

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Describe the four stages of a product development cycle.

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During stage 1 of a stage-gate development funnel, prospective project managers draft a detailed new product development plan which contains information about topics such as human resource requirements and strategic and financial objectives.

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What is a copyright?

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Copyrights last for much longer periods than patents, often the lifetime of the work's creator and beyond.

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Incremental technological change refers to a fundamental shift in technology that revolutionizes products or the way in which they are produced.

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________ technological change refers to the improvements that are continuously made to particular technologies over time.

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The critical path method is generally used to identify the best marketing strategy for the product.

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What percentage of R&D projects result in products that get to market?

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According to Prahalad and Hamel, it is the level of knowledge a firm possesses that leads to innovation and competitive advantage and not the velocity with which the knowledge is circulated in the firm.

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