Question 1

Reading and re-reading your notes to study for an exam is known as

Accepted Answer

A) deep processing. 
B) elaborative rehearsal. 
C) maintenance rehearsal. 
D) encoding specificity. 
A) deep processing. 
B) elaborative rehearsal. 
C) maintenance rehearsal. 
D) encoding specificity.

Question 2

Assessing whether the word CONSOLIDATION is in all capital letters is an example of _________ processing,whereas assessing whether it means the same thing as "encoding" is an example of __________ processing.

Accepted Answer

A) structural;declarative 
B) declarative;semantic 
C) deep;shallow 
D) shallow;deep 
A) structural;declarative 
B) declarative;semantic 
C) deep;shallow 
D) shallow;deep

Question 3

Emotional memories typically involve activation of the ________,whereas non-emotional memories do not.

Accepted Answer

A) hippocampus 
B) amygdala 
C) thalamus 
D) temporal lobe 
A) hippocampus 
B) amygdala 
C) thalamus 
D) temporal lobe

Question 4

One way to improve memory is to use techniques that allow the information to be stored in more than one form.This is known as

Accepted Answer

A) binary encoding. 
B) the testing effect. 
C) an acronym. 
D) dual coding. 
A) binary encoding. 
B) the testing effect. 
C) an acronym. 
D) dual coding.

Question 5

_________ is required to move sensory information into short-term memory.

Accepted Answer

A) Attention 
B) Encoding 
C) Retrieval 
D) Rehearsal 
A) Attention 
B) Encoding 
C) Retrieval 
D) Rehearsal

Question 6

Which part of working memory guides attention and ensures that the other components are working on the appropriate task?

Accepted Answer

A) the phonological loop 
B) the central executive 
C) the episodic buffer 
D) the visuospatial sketchpad 
A) the phonological loop 
B) the central executive 
C) the episodic buffer 
D) the visuospatial sketchpad

Question 7

Recent research suggests that working memory includes a(n)_______________,which combines images and sounds into coherent,story-like episodes.

Accepted Answer

A) phonological loop 
B) central executive 
C) episodic buffer 
D) visuospatial sketchpad 
A) phonological loop 
B) central executive 
C) episodic buffer 
D) visuospatial sketchpad

Question 8

When thinking back to your first day of university,which type of memory are you relying upon?

Accepted Answer

A) nondeclarative memory 
B) semantic memory 
C) episodic memory 
D) procedural memory 
A) nondeclarative memory 
B) semantic memory 
C) episodic memory 
D) procedural memory

Question 9

Proactive interference refers to when

Accepted Answer

A) older information interferes with the retrieval of newer information. 
B) newer information interferes with the retrieval of older information. 
C) information at the end of a list is more easily remembered. 
D) information in the middle of a list is more easily remembered. 
A) older information interferes with the retrieval of newer information. 
B) newer information interferes with the retrieval of older information. 
C) information at the end of a list is more easily remembered. 
D) information in the middle of a list is more easily remembered.

Question 10

Which memory system can be divided into four interrelated systems: central executive,visuospatial sketchpad,episodic buffer,and the phonological loop?

Accepted Answer

A) sensory memory 
B) working memory 
C) long-term memory 
D) episodic memory 
A) sensory memory 
B) working memory 
C) long-term memory 
D) episodic memory

Question 11

Finn is recovering from serious back surgery and has been taking pain medication for the last several days.During his recovery,he received multiple calls from friends and family.Later that week,off his medication,Finn can't seem to remember who called or what they said.Which of the following provides the best explanation for Finn's memory failure?

Accepted Answer

A) context-dependent memory 
B) state-dependent memory 
C) mood-dependent memory 
D) depth-dependent memory 
A) context-dependent memory 
B) state-dependent memory 
C) mood-dependent memory 
D) depth-dependent memory

Question 12

Flashbulb memories

Accepted Answer

A) are not subject to periodic revision. 
B) concern events that are highly significant. 
C) are typically highly accurate. 
D) are typically emotionally neutral. 
A) are not subject to periodic revision. 
B) concern events that are highly significant. 
C) are typically highly accurate. 
D) are typically emotionally neutral.

Question 13

_______________ may represent the first stages of memory at the cellular level.

Accepted Answer

A) Hippocampal potentiation 
B) Long-term potentiation 
C) Cellular encoding 
D) Long-term encoding 
A) Hippocampal potentiation 
B) Long-term potentiation 
C) Cellular encoding 
D) Long-term encoding

Question 14

On the first day of class,Sheila asked her professor the best way to learn and remember the material for the course.The professor responded,"Focus on identifying and understanding the meaning of the important terms and concepts." The instructor's advice supports the research on

Accepted Answer

A) state-dependent memory. 
B) context-dependent memory. 
C) levels of processing. 
D) encoding specificity. 
A) state-dependent memory. 
B) context-dependent memory. 
C) levels of processing. 
D) encoding specificity.

Question 15

According to the serial position effect,if you are shown a list of items and then asked to immediately recall them,you will most easily recall items from the

Accepted Answer

A) beginning and the middle of the list. 
B) beginning and the end of the list. 
C) middle of the list. 
D) end of the list. 
A) beginning and the middle of the list. 
B) beginning and the end of the list. 
C) middle of the list. 
D) end of the list.

Question 16

In a study discussed in your textbook,volunteers were shown old childhood photos their parents had provided,including pictures that had been altered to show things that never happened.What did this study find?

Accepted Answer

A) After several sessions,the photos began triggering repressed memories from some volunteers' childhoods. 
B) The volunteers could not remember any of the events that occurred before they were three years old. 
C) After several sessions,many volunteers 'remembered' situations that had never happened. 
D) The photographs that were in colour were more successful in cueing forgotten memories than the black-and-white photographs. 
A) After several sessions,the photos began triggering repressed memories from some volunteers' childhoods. 
B) The volunteers could not remember any of the events that occurred before they were three years old. 
C) After several sessions,many volunteers 'remembered' situations that had never happened. 
D) The photographs that were in colour were more successful in cueing forgotten memories than the black-and-white photographs.

Question 17

The case of H.M.helped researchers understand that the hippocampus is involved in

Accepted Answer

A) storing long-term memories. 
B) processing information using working memory. 
C) transferring information from sensory to short-term memory. 
D) transferring information from short-term to long-term memory. 
A) storing long-term memories. 
B) processing information using working memory. 
C) transferring information from sensory to short-term memory. 
D) transferring information from short-term to long-term memory.

Question 18

Misty and her parents just got back from a vacation at Disney World,where they had a great time.Under which of the following circumstances is Misty likely to have more difficulty remembering what they did?

Accepted Answer

A) while attending her grandmother's funeral 
B) at the park while playing with her friends 
C) at the beach with her family 
D) while attending the local fair 
A) while attending her grandmother's funeral 
B) at the park while playing with her friends 
C) at the beach with her family 
D) while attending the local fair

Question 19

After Tanya has repeatedly practised her ballet performance,she feels as if her muscles know exactly what to do at each point in the piece.This is an example of a(n)_____________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A) episodic 
B) semantic 
C) conditioning 
D) procedural 
A) episodic 
B) semantic 
C) conditioning 
D) procedural

Question 20

Maria finds that it is easier to remember her student ID number if she thinks of it in segments,such as the first three digits,then the next two,and then the final four.This method is known as

Accepted Answer

A) rote rehearsal. 
B) chunking. 
C) the method of loci. 
D) the serial position effect. 
A) rote rehearsal. 
B) chunking. 
C) the method of loci. 
D) the serial position effect.

Exam 7: C: Memory

Reading and re-reading your notes to study for an exam is known as

Assessing whether the word CONSOLIDATION is in all capital letters is an example of _________ processing,whereas assessing whether it means the same thing as "encoding" is an example of __________ processing.

Emotional memories typically involve activation of the ________,whereas non-emotional memories do not.

One way to improve memory is to use techniques that allow the information to be stored in more than one form.This is known as

_________ is required to move sensory information into short-term memory.

Which part of working memory guides attention and ensures that the other components are working on the appropriate task?

Recent research suggests that working memory includes a(n)_______________,which combines images and sounds into coherent,story-like episodes.

When thinking back to your first day of university,which type of memory are you relying upon?

Proactive interference refers to when

Which memory system can be divided into four interrelated systems: central executive,visuospatial sketchpad,episodic buffer,and the phonological loop?

Flashbulb memories

_______________ may represent the first stages of memory at the cellular level.

On the first day of class,Sheila asked her professor the best way to learn and remember the material for the course.The professor responded,"Focus on identifying and understanding the meaning of the important terms and concepts." The instructor's advice supports the research on

According to the serial position effect,if you are shown a list of items and then asked to immediately recall them,you will most easily recall items from the

In a study discussed in your textbook,volunteers were shown old childhood photos their parents had provided,including pictures that had been altered to show things that never happened.What did this study find?

The case of H.M.helped researchers understand that the hippocampus is involved in

Misty and her parents just got back from a vacation at Disney World,where they had a great time.Under which of the following circumstances is Misty likely to have more difficulty remembering what they did?

After Tanya has repeatedly practised her ballet performance,she feels as if her muscles know exactly what to do at each point in the piece.This is an example of a(n)_____________ memory.

Maria finds that it is easier to remember her student ID number if she thinks of it in segments,such as the first three digits,then the next two,and then the final four.This method is known as

A: Introducing Psychological Science

B: Introducing Psychological Science

C: Introducing Psychological Science

D: Introducing Psychological Science

E: Introducing Psychological Science

A: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

B: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

C: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

D: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

E: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

A: Biological Psychology

B: Biological Psychology

C: Biological Psychology

D: Biological Psychology

E: Biological Psychology

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

C: Sensation and Perception

D: Sensation and Perception

A: Consciousness

B: Consciousness

C: Consciousness

D: Consciousness

A: Learning

B: Learning

C: Learning

D: Learning

A: Memory

B: Memory

D: Memory

A: Thought and Language

B: Thought and Language

C: Thought and Language

D: Thought and Language

E: Thought and Language

A: Intelligence Testing

B: Intelligence Testing

C: Intelligence Testing

D: Intelligence Testing

E: Intelligence Testing

A: Lifespan Development

B: Lifespan Development

C: Lifespan Development

D: Lifespan Development

E: Lifespan Development

A: Motivation and Emotion

B: Motivation and Emotion

C: Motivation and Emotion

D: Motivation and Emotion

E: Motivation and Emotion

A: Personality

B: Personality

C: Personality

D: Personality

E: Personality

A: Social Psychology

B: Social Psychology

C: Social Psychology

D: Social Psychology

E: Social Psychology

Assessing whether the word CONSOLIDATION is in all capital letters is an example of _ processing,whereas assessing whether it means the same thing as "encoding" is an example of __ processing.