Exam 10: Memory Components, Forgetting, and Strategies

In 1890, William James used which two terms to distinguish between memory of recent events and memory for information stored permanently?

Research investigations by Ste.-Marie and colleagues have shown that gymnastics judges' scoring is often biased due to the effects of:

The most commonly accepted reason serial discrete motor skills seem to be forgotten more quickly than continuous motor skills is that serial discrete motor skills are:

When we remember characteristics of a performance context that we were not instructed to remember, we demonstrate the influence of ________ memory.

An experiment by Millslagle supported the benefit of subjective organization in memory by showing that experienced basketball players performed better on a recognition test of structured plays they had previously seen than of unstructured plays.

When location and distance characteristics of limb positioning movements are compared in memory tests, distance characteristics are typically recalled with more accuracy.

Two important functions of working memory are to serve as a: (1) storage location for information just presented; (2) workspace to integrate information you just received with information retrieved from ________.

One reason why proactive interference affects memory performance is that interfering movements similar to the criterion-to-be-recalled movement create ________ so that the distinctiveness of the criterion movement is reduced.

When participants in a memory experiment were given clock-face labels to associate with curvilinear limb positioning movements, retention tests results showed that the criterion positions were remembered with:

In a memory experiment, when information that is not to be recalled is presented during the retention interval, the experiment is investigating the effect of ________ interference on memory performance.

Declarative knowledge stored in long-term memory is easier to verbalize than procedural knowledge.

Telling a beginning golf student that the backswing should stop when the club is pointing at a certain clockface hour is an example of attaching a meaningful verbal label to a movement that must be remembered.

A recognition test is an example of an implicit memory test.

The encoding specificity principle predicts that practicing basketball free-throws as they would be shot in an actual game increases the probability of successful free-throw shooting in a game.

In addition to serving as a temporary storage system, working memory also serves as a:

The term used in the study of memory to indicate that information that was once learned is no longer in memory or is not retrievable at the moment is ________.

When the context characteristics of the presentation and recall conditions in a memory test are considered, memory performance will:

An organization process that results in increasing the size of working memory and involves combining smaller units of information to make larger ones is an activity commonly called ________.

When a person is asked to recall a movement they experienced, but had not been told to remember, the memory test is assessing incidental memory.

The Atkinson and Shiffrin model of memory proposed that memory should be considered in terms of: