Exam 5: Learning

An animal is placed in a box with a bar and also a wire floor that can deliver a mild shock. The experimenter first sounds a buzzer, then a few seconds later turns on the shock. Pressing the bar after the buzzer sounds but before the shock is delivered will prevent the shock from occurring. This is an example of ________.

A child learns that whenever he eats all of his dinner he gets a cookie for dessert. This type of learning is best explained by ________.

The process by which some stimuli, such as snakes, are readily conditioned for fear responses in humans is called ________.

In the experiment with Little Albert, the unconditioned response was fear of the ________.

Explain what higher order conditioning is and how it works. Also, explain the difference between primary and secondary reinforcers.

Which of the following is NOT an example of preparedness in conditioning?

Which of the following steps is the basic principle of self-modification of behavior?

A scientist trains a group of rats to run a maze to get food pellets. Another group of rats is trained to run the maze without receiving food pellets. At the end of the training, the group receiving the food pellets runs the maze faster and with fewer errors. However, when the scientist begins giving the second group of rats food pellets for running the maze, they almost immediately begin running the maze as well as the first group. This improved performance is probably due to ________.

Some behaviors, such as food aversion, take much longer to learn by classical conditioning than others.

Any stimulus that follows a behavior and increases the likelihood that the behavior will be repeated is called a ________.

In classical conditioning, intermittent pairing reduces both the rate of learning and the final level of learning achieved.

The mental image of an area, such as a maze or the floor plan of a building, is called a ________.

Which of the following statements is not true?

A child sees a cookie jar on a shelf. After several unsuccessful attempts to reach it, the child pulls a chair over by the shelf, then stands on the chair to reach the cookie jar. This type of learning is called ________.

A pigeon learns to peck at a red disk. It will not peck at an identical disk of any other color. This illustrates the concept of ________.

Researchers have discovered that many autoimmune disorders can be successfully controlled without drug treatments through the use of ________ procedures.

Emitted, voluntary behavior is BEST modified by ________.

Presenting the unconditioned stimulus before the conditioned stimulus is known as backward conditioning.

Punishment is the same as negative reinforcement.

Which of the following statements is true?