Exam 2: Studying Behaviour Scientifically

Control groups are important in experiments because:

The main difference between internal validity and external validity is that:

In both correlational research and experimental research,the experimenter manipulates a variable.

While conducting a research interview,a participant becomes slightly embarrassed and decides to answer the questions in such a way as to make himself look more friendly and acceptable to the interviewer.This example most clearly demonstrates which limitation of interview methods in research?

Which of the following statements about deception is true?

A(n)________ definition defines a variable in terms of the specific procedures used to measure it.

A clinical psychologist has developed a new form of psychotherapy to treat a particular personality disorder.In order to test its effectiveness,a group of people with the personality disorder is selected to receive the therapy for 8 weeks.A second group of people with the disorder is also created,but this group receives no therapy at all.At the end of the 8 weeks,the mental health of people in both groups is assessed to evaluate the new psychotherapy.In this study,the people who did not receive any therapy would be in the:

The ___________ of a study is judged by how well the results of the study can be generalized to other populations,settings,and conditions.

Sally wants to know what percentage of Canadian university students are receiving financial aid their first year in university.Sally attends a small university with a large percentage of students who commute to campus every day.Sally stands outside of the residence dining hall one weekday evening and hands out surveys to every third person entering the hall for dinner.Sally's data will be invalid because ________.

When Dr.Pressley examines the study habits of his students he finds that as the number of hours they spend studying increases,so do their grades.He finds an even stronger correlation between partying and grades in that as their grades improve the number of hours they spend partying decreases.When he runs the statistics on these data he finds which of the following correlation coefficients for hours studying with grades and hours partying with grades respectively:

In a memory experiment,participants are asked to learn a list of words and then are tested on the list and the number of words they recall is recorded.In total,participants will be three word lists.Each of the word lists is of equivalent difficulty,the first list contains proper nouns,the second list contains breeds of dogs,and the third is a list of kitchen appliances.After working with 20 participants,the researchers notice that these participants are better at recalling the proper nouns,the first list of the three that they learn.How can the researchers be certain that proper nouns are actually easier to recall and that they are not recalled better because they are the first words the participants learn?

The text discussed research to establish if there was a causal relationship between cell phone use while driving,traffic density and increased risk of vehicular collision.Which of the following accurately describes the independent and dependent variables in this research?

At the University of Western Ontario,Mel Goodale and his colleagues' studied a patient who had suffered from carbon monoxide poisoning and had suffered damage to several parts of her brain.The research on this patient provided evidence that perception and action can be processed independently,by different parts of the human brain.The research method used was a(n):

In survey research,random sampling is typically used to insure that a sample is representative;while in experiments,a different method is used to balance differences between subjects across various experimental groups.The method used in experiments is called:

A(n)___________ is a collection of formal statements that explains why and how certain events are related.

Danny owns an ice cream stand near the beach.He knows that he sells more ice cream on sunny days than on days when it is cloudy.Danny has some researchers collect data for him so that he can be more efficient when he orders his ice cream.This example illustrates which of the primary functions of correlational research?

In research,any characteristic that can vary is called a(n)_________.

Experimenter expectancy effects are:

A formal set of statements that explains why and how certain events are related to one another is called a(n)____________.

Dr.Kiel is designing a study to test the effectiveness of a new anxiety medication.The study includes a placebo control group and neither the participants nor the research assistants who give out the medications know whether a participant is receiving the actual drug or a placebo.This study is a good example of: