Question 1

The negative-state relief model is most relevant to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  aggression 
B)  altruism 
C)  stereotypes 
D)  obedience 
A)  aggression 
B)  altruism 
C)  stereotypes 
D)  obedience

Question 2

All of the following were mentioned as factors that increase the likelihood of a bystander helping EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  when the bystander is in a good mood 
B)  when the bystander has pre-existing guilt 
C)  when the bystander has seen a helpful role-model 
D)  when the bystander experiences personal distress 
A)  when the bystander is in a good mood 
B)  when the bystander has pre-existing guilt 
C)  when the bystander has seen a helpful role-model 
D)  when the bystander experiences personal distress

Question 3

In his famous study examining obedience,Milgram found that the majority of his participants:

Accepted Answer

A)  became uncomfortable early in the experiment and refused to give further shocks to the "learner." 
B)  became uncomfortable midway through the experiment and refused to administer any further shocks when they learned of the "learner's" heart condition. 
C)  administered the maximum 450 volts to the "learner," even though they were very distressed and upset doing so. 
D)  had no trouble administering the maximum 450 volts to the "learner" because most of them assumed that the shocks were not real. 
A)  became uncomfortable early in the experiment and refused to give further shocks to the "learner." 
B)  became uncomfortable midway through the experiment and refused to administer any further shocks when they learned of the "learner's" heart condition. 
C)  administered the maximum 450 volts to the "learner," even though they were very distressed and upset doing so. 
D)  had no trouble administering the maximum 450 volts to the "learner" because most of them assumed that the shocks were not real.

Question 4

Elizabeth has every good intention of sticking to her New Year's diet resolution.However,Elizabeth does not believe that her weight is under her control,and she has a very negative attitude about eating less food every day.Which of the following statements best explains what will happen to Elizabeth?

Accepted Answer

A)  Her behaviour (eating less)will fail to support this attitude and she will not lose weight. 
B)  Her behaviour (eating less)is not influenced by her attitude and she will lose weight. 
C)  Her attitude will fail to support this behaviour (eating less)and she will not lose weight. 
D)  Her attitude will support this behaviour (eating less)and she will lose weight. 
A)  Her behaviour (eating less)will fail to support this attitude and she will not lose weight. 
B)  Her behaviour (eating less)is not influenced by her attitude and she will lose weight. 
C)  Her attitude will fail to support this behaviour (eating less)and she will not lose weight. 
D)  Her attitude will support this behaviour (eating less)and she will lose weight.

Question 5

In a carefully controlled experiment,a doctor orders a nurse to administer 50 mg of a drug to a patient.The nurse knows that the recommended dose is 20 mg and the maximum allowed dose is 40 mg.In one condition,the doctor gives the nurse the order by telephone.According to research by Milgram,approximately what percentage of nurses receiving the order by phone will comply with the 50 mg order?

Accepted Answer

A)  1% 
B)  20% 
C)  50% 
D)  95% 
A)  1% 
B)  20% 
C)  50% 
D)  95%

Question 6

One of the main situational factors that has an impact on people's need for affiliation is:

Accepted Answer

A)  curiosity. 
B)  positive incentives. 
C)  social comparison. 
D)  fear. 
A)  curiosity. 
B)  positive incentives. 
C)  social comparison. 
D)  fear.

Question 7

Making relatively more personal attributions for success and relatively more situational attributions for failure is known as the:

Accepted Answer

A)  fundamental attribution error. 
B)  self-justification effect. 
C)  self-serving bias. 
D)  primacy effect. 
A)  fundamental attribution error. 
B)  self-justification effect. 
C)  self-serving bias. 
D)  primacy effect.

Question 8

A theorist who takes an evolutionary perspective on why people are social beings would most likely say that people are social because such behaviour:

Accepted Answer

A)  allowed people greater access to potential mates and provided better protection. 
B)  allowed people to make basic comparisons between themselves and others. 
C)  helped people to determine whether their responses were "normal." 
D)  is a reflection of our innate tendency to affiliate with and want to be close to others. 
A)  allowed people greater access to potential mates and provided better protection. 
B)  allowed people to make basic comparisons between themselves and others. 
C)  helped people to determine whether their responses were "normal." 
D)  is a reflection of our innate tendency to affiliate with and want to be close to others.

Question 9

To make it psychologically easier to aggress toward others,the aggressor may blame the victim for imagined wrongs and become convinced that the victim "deserves it." This type of cognition is known as a:

Accepted Answer

A)  fundamental attribution error. 
B)  self-fulfilling prophecy. 
C)  self-justification. 
D)  self-serving bias. 
A)  fundamental attribution error. 
B)  self-fulfilling prophecy. 
C)  self-justification. 
D)  self-serving bias.

Question 10

Elliot is led to a room with nine other people.All ten people are then shown a picture of two lines.The line on the left is clearly shorter than the line on the right.But,when the experimenter asks everyone which line is shorter,all of the other people say that the line on the right is shorter.When it is Elliot's turn to respond we would expect him to say that:

Accepted Answer

A)  he is not sure which line is shorter 
B)  the lines are the same length 
C)  the line on the left is shorter 
D)  the line on the right is shorter 
A)  he is not sure which line is shorter 
B)  the lines are the same length 
C)  the line on the left is shorter 
D)  the line on the right is shorter

Question 11

Some people may tend not to approach potential dating partners who are more attractive than they are in order to lessen the risk of rejection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

A psychologist who is discussing the causes of racism and prejudice argues that these negative beliefs are caused primarily by people's needs to enhance their self-esteem and to feel good about themselves.This psychologist's explanation is most consistent with:

Accepted Answer

A)  the fundamental attribution error. 
B)  social identity theory. 
C)  the self-serving bias. 
D)  realistic conflict theory. 
A)  the fundamental attribution error. 
B)  social identity theory. 
C)  the self-serving bias. 
D)  realistic conflict theory.

Question 13

In general,people appear to prefer having a dating partner or spouse who is of _____________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  greater intelligence than themselves 
B)  greater attractiveness than themselves 
C)  similar attractiveness to themselves 
D)  less attractiveness to themselves 
A)  greater intelligence than themselves 
B)  greater attractiveness than themselves 
C)  similar attractiveness to themselves 
D)  less attractiveness to themselves

Question 14

Research indicates that in an emergency,a female bystander is more likely to help a man than a woman.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Alison is at a workshop where a presenter is attempting to persuade people to make a rather risky but potentially profitable financial investment.After carefully considering the presenter's arguments,Alison finds this person's ideas sound and compelling and decides to invest.This example best demonstrates:

Accepted Answer

A)  the peripheral route to persuasion. 
B)  the norm of reciprocity. 
C)  the central route to persuasion. 
D)  the door-in-the-face technique. 
A)  the peripheral route to persuasion. 
B)  the norm of reciprocity. 
C)  the central route to persuasion. 
D)  the door-in-the-face technique.

Question 16

The influence of the minority is more powerful if they maintain a highly consistent position over time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Having low self-efficacy during which of the following stages of the bystander intervention process could inhibit helping behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A)  noticing an event 
B)  assuming responsibility for helping 
C)  knowing how to help 
D)  interpreting an event as an emergency 
A)  noticing an event 
B)  assuming responsibility for helping 
C)  knowing how to help 
D)  interpreting an event as an emergency

Question 18

When people are persuaded by an argument because they have thought carefully about it and find it compelling,the _______________ occurs.

Accepted Answer

A)  peripheral route to persuasion 
B)  central route to persuasion 
C)  fundamental attribution error 
D)  social facilitation 
A)  peripheral route to persuasion 
B)  central route to persuasion 
C)  fundamental attribution error 
D)  social facilitation

Question 19

One of the following findings is FALSE regarding the response of White males presented with light-toned and dark-toned versions of Black faces and dark-toned and light-toned White faces.Their amygdala became:

Accepted Answer

A)  more active when they saw Black faces 
B)  more active when they saw dark-toned White faces 
C)  more active when they saw dark-toned and light-toned White faces 
D)  equally active when they saw dark-toned White faces 
A)  more active when they saw Black faces 
B)  more active when they saw dark-toned White faces 
C)  more active when they saw dark-toned and light-toned White faces 
D)  equally active when they saw dark-toned White faces

Question 20

The phenomenon of groupthink is likely to occur under all of the following circumstances EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  when a group has no clearly identified leader 
B)  when a group is under high stress to reach a decision 
C)  when the group is insulated from outside input 
D)  when the group is highly cohesive 
A)  when a group has no clearly identified leader 
B)  when a group is under high stress to reach a decision 
C)  when the group is insulated from outside input 
D)  when the group is highly cohesive

The negative-state relief model is most relevant to which of the following?

All of the following were mentioned as factors that increase the likelihood of a bystander helping EXCEPT:

In his famous study examining obedience,Milgram found that the majority of his participants:

One of the main situational factors that has an impact on people's need for affiliation is:

Making relatively more personal attributions for success and relatively more situational attributions for failure is known as the:

A theorist who takes an evolutionary perspective on why people are social beings would most likely say that people are social because such behaviour:

To make it psychologically easier to aggress toward others,the aggressor may blame the victim for imagined wrongs and become convinced that the victim "deserves it." This type of cognition is known as a:

Some people may tend not to approach potential dating partners who are more attractive than they are in order to lessen the risk of rejection.

A psychologist who is discussing the causes of racism and prejudice argues that these negative beliefs are caused primarily by people's needs to enhance their self-esteem and to feel good about themselves.This psychologist's explanation is most consistent with:

In general,people appear to prefer having a dating partner or spouse who is of _____________________.

Research indicates that in an emergency,a female bystander is more likely to help a man than a woman.

The influence of the minority is more powerful if they maintain a highly consistent position over time.

Having low self-efficacy during which of the following stages of the bystander intervention process could inhibit helping behaviour?

When people are persuaded by an argument because they have thought carefully about it and find it compelling,the _______________ occurs.

One of the following findings is FALSE regarding the response of White males presented with light-toned and dark-toned versions of Black faces and dark-toned and light-toned White faces.Their amygdala became:

The phenomenon of groupthink is likely to occur under all of the following circumstances EXCEPT:

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Exam 13: Behaviour in a Social Context

The negative-state relief model is most relevant to which of the following?

All of the following were mentioned as factors that increase the likelihood of a bystander helping EXCEPT:

In his famous study examining obedience,Milgram found that the majority of his participants:

One of the main situational factors that has an impact on people's need for affiliation is:

Making relatively more personal attributions for success and relatively more situational attributions for failure is known as the:

A theorist who takes an evolutionary perspective on why people are social beings would most likely say that people are social because such behaviour:

To make it psychologically easier to aggress toward others,the aggressor may blame the victim for imagined wrongs and become convinced that the victim "deserves it." This type of cognition is known as a:

Some people may tend not to approach potential dating partners who are more attractive than they are in order to lessen the risk of rejection.

A psychologist who is discussing the causes of racism and prejudice argues that these negative beliefs are caused primarily by people's needs to enhance their self-esteem and to feel good about themselves.This psychologist's explanation is most consistent with:

In general,people appear to prefer having a dating partner or spouse who is of _____________________.

Research indicates that in an emergency,a female bystander is more likely to help a man than a woman.

The influence of the minority is more powerful if they maintain a highly consistent position over time.

Having low self-efficacy during which of the following stages of the bystander intervention process could inhibit helping behaviour?

When people are persuaded by an argument because they have thought carefully about it and find it compelling,the _______________ occurs.

One of the following findings is FALSE regarding the response of White males presented with light-toned and dark-toned versions of Black faces and dark-toned and light-toned White faces.Their amygdala became:

The phenomenon of groupthink is likely to occur under all of the following circumstances EXCEPT:

Psychology: the Science of Behaviour

Studying Behaviour Scientifically

Biological Foundations of Behaviour

Genes, Evolution, and Behaviour

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

And Adaptation: the Role of Experience

Memory

Language and Thinking

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Development Over the Lifespan

Personality

Stress, Coping, and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters