Exam 1: Psychology: the Science of Behaviour

Behaviourism gave rise to a set of behaviour change techniques that were known as:

Maslow proposed the idea of ________________,which is reaching of one's individual potential.

The psychological perspective that focuses on the diversity of societies and how customs are transmitted to its members is called:

Albert Bandura is one of the leading figures in the __________________ approach,which attempts to combine two major psychological perspectives.

Sigmund Freud believed in the importance of unconscious and childhood experience factors.He based his beliefs on all of the following observations EXCEPT:

_____ is a process that involves systematically gathering and evaluating empirical evidence to answer questions and test beliefs about the natural world.

Which psychological disorder is generally considered to be the "common cold" of emotional disturbances?

Karen is interested in how the presence of other people influences an individual's performance on cognitive tasks,like written tests,compared to motor tasks,like jump rope.Karen's research would likely fall into which subfield of psychology?

Some individuals believe that complex social behaviours can be influenced by evolution.They also believe that natural selection favours behaviours that increase the chances that certain genes will be passed on to the next generation.These individuals are associated with:

Pavlov's research with dogs to salivate to a tone that had been paired with food helped lead to the development of which perspective?

What level of analysis does the behaviourist perspective usually take?

Positive psychology is an outgrowth from which perspective?

Research on memory processes shows us that when tested on a recently learned word list,the majority of people will recall the words at the end of the list at a higher rate than the words in the middle of the list.This "recency effect" can be eliminated by involving the participants in a task that stops them from rehearsing the words.Using this principle,before Dr.Brown gives an exam,she asks that all books and notes be put away and then takes time to prevent the "recency effect" by giving the instructions for the exam,the grading procedures,and next week's lesson topic before allowing students to begin the exam.In this case,Dr.Brown is:

Rules that specify what behaviour is acceptable and expected,such as how to dress or how to respond to someone of higher status,are known as:

The thinking of functionalists like William James was strongly influenced by Darwin's evolutionary theory.

When considering the mind-body problem,some philosophers argue that the mind is a separate entity from the body and is not subject to the same physical laws as the body.These individuals would belong to which philosophical position?

The study of how behavioural tendencies are influenced by genetic factors is known as the field of:

Dr.Adams is a psychologist who works in the area of animal behaviour.She has a particular interest in crows,and her research is mostly aimed at gaining more information about the behaviours of these birds,such as their mating habits,eating rituals,and so on.Dr.Adams's research is best described as:

Evolutionary theory assumes that individuals who receive a competitive advantage from inherited traits will be more likely to survive,reproduce,and thus pass on these adaptive traits to future generations.This process is known as:

A psychological researcher states that we will greatly enhance our understanding of how humans think if we are able to simulate or duplicate human cognitive processes using computers.This researcher is most likely working from which perspective?