Exam 9: Language and Thinking

The "Linda the feminist bank teller" problem is most relevant to which of the following concepts?

When both languages have been well learned,bilingualism appears to be related to less flexible thinking and lower performance on nonverbal intelligence tests.

When performing a cognitive task in which the person must inhibit attention to an irrelevant feature and pay attention to another feature,__________ typically perform better than __________.

Metamemory refers to a person's ability to judge whether or not they understand something.

There is fairly strong evidence that apes can communicate using symbols and hand signs and that these communications do convey meaning.

The generation of novel ideas that depart from the norm requires ___________,whereas the ability to produce something that is both new and valuable requires ________________.

"Metamemory" refers to:

The crow and the trains problem discussed in the text asked you to determine the total distance a crow would fly while flying back and forth between two converging trains.If you initially conceptualized it as a distance problem,it was very difficult to solve;but if instead you framed the problem in terms of _________,it was relatively easy to arrive at the solution.

Men who have had left-hemisphere strokes are more likely to show severe aphasic symptoms than women who have had left-hemisphere strokes.This evidence suggests that:

Your awareness and understanding of your own cognitive abilities is called _________.

The concept that symbols can be combined to generate an infinite number of messages that have novel meaning demonstrates the _________ concept.

The ways that symbols are combined within that language refers to the ____________ of a language,whereas the underlying meaning of these symbols refers to ___________.

When people develop expertise,their brain functioning changes in ways that increases __________.

A system of knowledge about the meaning and conduct of life is referred to as __________.

Compared with non-English speaking children who are placed in English-only classrooms and left to struggle,those in bilingual classes develop _____ self-esteem and exhibit ______ academic performance and English fluency.

The brain region centrally involved in language production and articulation is called:

The extreme position that language not only influences but determines what we are capable of thinking is known as the:

The fact that language allows us to communicate about events and objects that are not physically present is referred to as ________________.

Writing summaries of material you are trying to learn can improve your __________;writing these summaries after a delay can also improve your __________.

The tendency to be so fixed in our perception of the proper function of an object or procedure that we are blinded to new ways of using it is called: