Exam 8: Memory

When information is encoded using both verbal and visual encoding,it is more likely that at least one of the codes will be available later to facilitate recall,according to the _________________.

The duration of short-term memory is approximately:

Which of the following is one of the factors that could possibly account for the substantial and rapid forgetting that occurred to Hermann Ebbinghaus in his work on forgetting?

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of the phonological loop?

According to the levels-of-processing model,you could study for a test most effectively by

A study conducted by William Chase and Herbert Simon (1973)demonstrated that experts had superior recall than novices for the placement of chess pieces when the pieces were placed meaningfully on the board.However,this difference disappeared when the pieces were placed randomly.Which of the following concepts are most relevant to explaining this result?

From the perspective of associative networks,your ability to think of the colour orange is likely associated with:

An eyewitness from a crime is asked to look through some mug shots to see if he can identify the person who committed the crime.After doing this,he sees a police lineup of suspects and identifies one of the men as the person who committed the crime because he looks very familiar.Unfortunately,the man in the lineup looks familiar not because the eyewitness saw him commit the crime but because he saw his face in the mug shot books a few hours ago.This example best demonstrates the phenomenon of:

From the perspective of neural networks,your ability to think of the concept "cheeseburger" is likely associated with:

Your friend tells you about a great new restaurant at which she ate.When you hear the name,you recall seeing the restaurant and are fairly sure of the location.This memory is retrieved despite that fact that you were not trying to remember anything about the restaurant.The name and location of this restaurant were stored in the long-term memory via ______________ processing.

With regard to the serial position effect,the primacy effect refers to the superior recall of words presented at/in the ___________ of the list.

Incidental information that gets stored in memory is referred to as ______________,whereas the encoding of memories that are intentionally initiated and occur through conscious attention is referred to as ________________.

Retroactive interference is said to occur when ____________ material in memory interferes with the recall of ____________ material.

A 5-year-old tells you a rather unusual story and you are wondering if it is a lie.Research studies investigating how "experts" evaluate the eyewitness testimony of children suggest that you would have _________ difficulty telling if the child was lying.This appears to be because young children __________.

Because they believe that short-term memory is a system that actively and simultaneously processes different kinds of information and supports other cognitive functions such as problem solving,many modern cognitive memory researchers refer to short-term memory as ______________ memory.

Which of the following factors improve the effectiveness of retrieval cues?

A police officer asks an eyewitness how fast the car was going when it crashed into the pole.Using the word "crashed" instead of "contacted" will often lead to a different answer,which is consistent with the:

Iconic memory is to echoic memory as:

Encoding is a process of:

If you try to remember the lobes of the cortex by associating each one with a location in your house,you would be using the: