Exam 6: Learning

A negative reinforcer ________ the behavior it follows.

A neutral stimulus is an event or situation that

The tendency for children to imitate behaviors seen on television best illustrates the importance of

Male Japanese quail became sexually aroused by a red light that was repeatedly associated with the presentation of a female quail.The sexual arousal triggered by the red light was a

In classical conditioning,the conditioned stimulus signals that ________ is about to occur.

On the first day of class,Professor Wallace tells her geography students that pop quizzes will be given at unpredictable times throughout the semester.Clearly,studying for Professor Wallace's surprise quizzes will be reinforced on a ________ schedule.

After Libby was promised a large reward for playing with a fun toy,she began to lose interest in playing with it.This best illustrates that excessive rewards can reduce

Because Mr.Baron rewards students only for very good classroom answers,his students have stopped participating in class.Mr.Baron most clearly needs to be informed of the value of

Behaviors followed by favorable consequences become more likely,and behaviors followed by unfavorable consequences become less likely.This principle is called

Operant response rates remain highest when individuals anticipate that their behavior will actually lead to further reinforcement.This best illustrates the importance of ________ in operant conditioning.

Neuroscientists have discovered mirror neurons in an area of the

Before learning painfully that the sound of a buzzing bee signaled she was about to be stung,Sara felt no fear in response to the buzzing sound.At that time,the sound of the buzzing bee was most clearly a(n)

Four-year-old Della asks her mother for a special treat every time they go to the grocery store.At first her mother granted every request,but now she does so less consistently.Research suggests that Della will

Little Albert developed a fear of rats after a white rat was paired with a loud noise.In this case,the loud noise was the

If bears find insects after they move decaying logs,they more frequently move decaying logs.This most clearly indicates that finding insects is a

The ability to distinguish between a conditioned stimulus and stimuli that do not signal an unconditioned stimulus is called

An enclosure containing a bar or key that an animal can manipulate to obtain a food or water reinforcer is called a(n)

Because of the discomfort and embarrassment associated with his childhood bed-wetting,Andrew becomes nervous whenever he senses an urge to urinate.If genital arousal subsequently makes Andrew unusually anxious,this would best illustrate

Which of the following is the best example of a primary reinforcer?

Some psychologists believe that rats develop mental representations of mazes they have explored.These representations are called