Exam 6: Learning

Prosocial behaviors are best described as actions that are

Researchers found that in the United States and Canada,homicide rates doubled during the period in which TV was introduced.This finding does not prove that viewing violence on TV causes aggression because

Extinction occurs when a ________ is no longer paired with a ________.

Janna's behavior is more strongly influenced by the momentary thrill of unprotected sex than by the prospect of an unwanted pregnancy or sexually transmitted infection.This best illustrates the impact of

Shaping is a(n)________ procedure.

In classical conditioning,the NS becomes a ________ after it reliably signals the upcoming appearance of the ________.

Before Pavlov conditioned a dog to salivate in response to a tone,the tone was a(n)

The predictability rather than the frequency of CS-US associations appears to be crucial for classical conditioning.This highlights the importance of ________ in conditioning.

In teaching her son to play basketball,Mrs.Richards initially reinforces him with praise for simply dribbling while standing still,then only for walking while dribbling,and finally only for running while dribbling.She is using a procedure known as

Pets who learn that the sound of an electric can opener signals the arrival of their food illustrate

Pavlov's research on classical conditioning was important because

You repeatedly hear a tone just before having a puff of air directed to your eye.Blinking to the tone presented without an air puff is a

Punishment is a potentially hazardous way for teachers to control young children's behaviors because

Cats received a fish reward whenever they maneuvered themselves out of an enclosed puzzle box.With successive trials,the cats escaped from the box with increasing speed.This illustrates

Garcia and Koelling's studies of taste aversion in rats demonstrated the impact of _________ on classical conditioning.

Watson and Rayner's study of Little Albert demonstrated how specific fears

Psychologists once believed that any stimulus (whether a taste,sight,or sound)could serve as a conditioned stimulus.This belief was challenged by research demonstrating the importance of

The removal of electric shock is to the receipt of money as ________ is to ________.

Positive punishment ________ the rate of operant responding,and negative punishment ________ the rate of operant responding.

The law of effect refers to the tendency to