Exam 6: Learning

The fact that learning can occur without reinforcement is most clearly demonstrated by studies of

A choppy stop-start pattern of operant responding is associated with the ________ schedule of reinforcement.

Behaviorism was the view that psychology should scientifically study behavior without reference to

Luana edits manuscripts for a publisher and is paid $25 for every three pages she edits.Luana is reinforced on a ________ schedule.

The desire to engage in an activity for the sake of its enjoyment alone involves

A dramatic increase in children's violent play after they viewed violent cartoons illustrates the role of television as a source of

Pavlov is to classical conditioning as ________ is to ________.

Pigeons have been trained to correctly spot breast tumors by means of

Which of the following behaviors is typically reinforced on a variable-ratio schedule?

A type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by a reinforcer is called

In Aldous Huxley's Brave New World,infants develop a fear of books after books are repeatedly presented with a loud noise.In this fictional example,the loud noise is a(n)

Learning specific behaviors simply by watching others perform them is known as

The introduction of a pleasant stimulus is to ________ as the withdrawal of a pleasant stimulus is to ________.

A small-town radio disc jockey frequently announces how much money is currently in a jackpot.Every day several randomly selected residents are called and asked to identify the amount,and thereby win it.Those who keep track of the jackpot amount are most likely to be reinforced on a ________ schedule.

John B.Watson considered himself to be a

Caroline loves to read and enjoys looking up the meanings of words she does not know.In school,her teacher promises a gold star to students each time they learn a new word.The teacher's behavior is most likely to undermine

Some students study hard beginning with the first couple of weeks of a semester because they subsequently receive very good final course grades.This best illustrates that human behavior is influenced by

Sandy finds it harder to frown when watching her brother smile than when seeing him frown.Scientists are currently debating whether this can be attributed to the activation of

The process of observing and imitating a specific behavior is called

Mandisa always picked up her infant daughter when she screamed because she couldn't have the toy she wanted.As a result,her daughter screams whenever she doesn't get her way.In this case,picking up the infant served as a(n)_________ for screaming.