Exam 5: Attitudes: Evaluating and Responding to the Social World

From MyPsychLab EXPLORE: "Conformity Factors" (To access this asset go to MyPsychLab and click on "Course Documents." Under the heading "Index of Multimedia," click on the "here" link.Select Chapter 5,Attitudes: Evaluating and Responding to the Social World,and click on "Find Now." For the Chapter 5 items,click on the "Explore" item called "Conformity Factors.") This exercise is about types of persuasive messages.What are the two routes for persuasive messages,and how do they work? Describe the exercise in general and say something about the advertisements shown.Was the exercise itself a learning experience,and given the rewarding bell for right answers and the punishing buzzer for wrong answers,what type of learning process is going on here? Give your opinion about the effectiveness of messages that ask you to think.

The mechanism by which we compare ourselves to other people to determine whether or not our perception of social reality is correct is known as ________.

An attitude is more likely to influence a person's behavior if ________.

Messages that arouse strong levels of fear are ________.

Initial evaluation of a stimulus generally refers to ________.

When attitude-behavior discrepancy involves important attitudes and/or self-belief,________ isn't feasible as a means of reducing cognitive dissonance.

Briefly describe Fazio's attitude-to-behavior process model.

When direct rewards are not present,nor any social approval or other motivations,we may develop attitudes by merely viewing others' behaviors,a process called ________.

Small rewards produce greater attitude change than do large rewards when people believe they are personally responsible for the action and ________.

Fazio's attitude-to-behavior process model suggests that an event may activate an attitude,which influences our ________.

Our attitudes tend to be strongest and hardest to modify when they are based on direct personal experience with the ________ of the attitudes.

Some universities have run public service ads in which they give the results of a careful survey of their students with what students say is the average number of beers or drinks they are likely to consume in a given evening.Apart from establishing a drinking social norm,why be so explicit about the actual number of drinks? That is,what psychological tendency might the ads be attempting to thwart?

We hold values similar to,and identify with,________.

The fewer rewards or reasons a person has for engaging in a behavior the more likely there will be attitude change.This is called __________.

An advertising company has been hired by the Centers for Disease Control to produce TV commercials to increase awareness of breast cancer in males.Advertising executives are considering three different commercials.The first features actual patients who describe the pain they experienced from the disease.The second focuses on medical doctors discussing early detection strategies and treatment options.The third shows grieving family members surrounding a grave.Which is likely to be more effective at changing men's behavior?

Cognitive dissonance arises when we notice a discrepancy between our attitudes and our behaviors.One way we can reduce the dissonance is by ________.

Tony disagrees with a certain political commercial.When the commercial comes on,he immediately switches the television channel.This is an example of ________.

The source of a message influences its effectiveness.To increase the effectiveness of a message,the communicator should be attractive and ________.

People may employ two strategies when resisting persuasive attempts.Which of the following accurately lists these two strategies?

Cognitive dissonance arises when we notice a discrepancy between our attitudes and our behaviors.One way we can reduce the dissonance is by ________.