Question 1

The use of DNA in forensic science is

Accepted Answer

A)  widely accepted. 
B)  junk science. 
C)  still being validated. 
D)  seldom used. 
E)  only used when other evidence is doubtful. 
A)  widely accepted. 
B)  junk science. 
C)  still being validated. 
D)  seldom used. 
E)  only used when other evidence is doubtful.

Question 2

Liver cells and kidney cells do different tasks because they

Accepted Answer

A)  start off with the same DNA,but destroy unnecessary genes. 
B)  start off with the same DNA,but gain different genes from stem cells. 
C)  contain completely different DNA and genes. 
D)  contain the same DNA but use different genes. 
E)  have different sequences of DNA in their genes. 
A)  start off with the same DNA,but destroy unnecessary genes. 
B)  start off with the same DNA,but gain different genes from stem cells. 
C)  contain completely different DNA and genes. 
D)  contain the same DNA but use different genes. 
E)  have different sequences of DNA in their genes.

Question 3

What are the four nucleotide bases that make up the "rungs" of the nucleotide ladder of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  adenine,thymine,guanine,cytosine 
B)  adenine,uracil,guanine,cytosine 
C)  adenine,thymine,cytosine,phosphate 
D)  adenine,cytosine,nitrogen,phosphate 
E)  adenine,cytosine,sugar,phosphate 
A)  adenine,thymine,guanine,cytosine 
B)  adenine,uracil,guanine,cytosine 
C)  adenine,thymine,cytosine,phosphate 
D)  adenine,cytosine,nitrogen,phosphate 
E)  adenine,cytosine,sugar,phosphate

Question 4

You are studying the DNA profile of an individual,and you are looking at the results for a chromosome with just one STR site.How many bands will you see?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  either 1 or 2 
D)  3 
E)  either 1,2,or 3 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  either 1 or 2 
D)  3 
E)  either 1,2,or 3

Question 5

Which of these is NOT a nucleotide found in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  adenine (
A)  
B)  thymine (T) 
C)  cytosine (
C)  
D)  guanine (G) 
E)  uracil (U) 
A)  adenine (
A)  
B)  thymine (T) 
C)  cytosine (
C)  
D)  guanine (G) 
E)  uracil (U)

Question 6

Since 1992,the Innocence Project has overturned the convictions and freed more than

Accepted Answer

A)  3 people. 
B)  30 people. 
C)  300 people. 
D)  3,000 people. 
E)  30,000 people. 
A)  3 people. 
B)  30 people. 
C)  300 people. 
D)  3,000 people. 
E)  30,000 people.

Question 7

Which of the following describes the pattern of increasing copies of DNA during PCR amplification?

Accepted Answer

A)  1$\rightarrow$2$\rightarrow$3$\rightarrow$4 
B)  1$\rightarrow$2$\rightarrow$4$\rightarrow$8 
C)  1$\rightarrow$10$\rightarrow$100$\rightarrow$1000 
D)  1$\rightarrow$100$\rightarrow$10000$\rightarrow$1000000 
E)  The number of increasing copies does not follow a pattern. 
A)  1$\rightarrow$2$\rightarrow$3$\rightarrow$4 
B)  1$\rightarrow$2$\rightarrow$4$\rightarrow$8 
C)  1$\rightarrow$10$\rightarrow$100$\rightarrow$1000 
D)  1$\rightarrow$100$\rightarrow$10000$\rightarrow$1000000 
E)  The number of increasing copies does not follow a pattern.

Question 8

DNA is a type of molecule called a _________.Its smaller parts are called __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  protein;amino acids 
B)  deoxyribonucleic acid;amino acids 
C)  deoxyribonucleic acid;nucleotides 
D)  nucleotide;deoxyribonucleic acids 
E)  protein;nucleotides 
A)  protein;amino acids 
B)  deoxyribonucleic acid;amino acids 
C)  deoxyribonucleic acid;nucleotides 
D)  nucleotide;deoxyribonucleic acids 
E)  protein;nucleotides

Question 9

You are analyzing DNA from a crime scene,but you have a very limited budget.Instead of looking at the 15 STR sites generally used to create a DNA profile,you decide to only look at eight STR sites.There are only two possible suspects in the crime,and they are brothers.Do you think the eight STR sites you examine will be adequate to make a positive identification to determine which brother committed the crime?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yes,because five or more sites are enough to identify most individuals. 
B)  Yes,because siblings only share seven or eight sites,so eight STRs will be enough. 
C)  No,because siblings have more similar DNA profiles than unrelated people. 
D)  No,because siblings will have identical DNA profiles,even with 15 STRs. 
E)  STRs cannot be used to distinguish between siblings. 
A)  Yes,because five or more sites are enough to identify most individuals. 
B)  Yes,because siblings only share seven or eight sites,so eight STRs will be enough. 
C)  No,because siblings have more similar DNA profiles than unrelated people. 
D)  No,because siblings will have identical DNA profiles,even with 15 STRs. 
E)  STRs cannot be used to distinguish between siblings.

Question 10

A DNA profile of an individual is usually made by comparing banding patterns from

Accepted Answer

A)  15 STRs. 
B)  15 PCRs. 
C)  chromosome 7 STRs. 
D)  15 STRs on chromosome 7. 
E)  15 PCRs on chromosome 7. 
A)  15 STRs. 
B)  15 PCRs. 
C)  chromosome 7 STRs. 
D)  15 STRs on chromosome 7. 
E)  15 PCRs on chromosome 7.

Question 11

What is the "double helix" when referring to the structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  two strands of linked nucleotides that are twisted around each other 
B)  two strands of linked nucleotides that fold back and forth like an accordion 
C)  four strands of linked nucleotides that are bound by phosphate groups 
D)  four strands of linked nucleotides that are bound by sugar groups 
E)  two chromosomes that are twisted around each other 
A)  two strands of linked nucleotides that are twisted around each other 
B)  two strands of linked nucleotides that fold back and forth like an accordion 
C)  four strands of linked nucleotides that are bound by phosphate groups 
D)  four strands of linked nucleotides that are bound by sugar groups 
E)  two chromosomes that are twisted around each other

Question 12

You can detect DNA that is specifically from the X chromosome in a DNA sample from a person.Why can't you definitively determine the sex of that person (male or female)from the presence of the X chromosome?

Accepted Answer

A)  Males and females have different types of X chromosomes. 
B)  Both males and females have an X chromosome. 
C)  You would have to check for the presence of a Y chromosome. 
D)  Both males and females have an X chromosome and you would have to check for the presence of a Y chromosome. 
E)  Males and females have different types of Y chromosomes. 
A)  Males and females have different types of X chromosomes. 
B)  Both males and females have an X chromosome. 
C)  You would have to check for the presence of a Y chromosome. 
D)  Both males and females have an X chromosome and you would have to check for the presence of a Y chromosome. 
E)  Males and females have different types of Y chromosomes.

Question 13

A science museum hires an interior designer to create a spiral staircase that will represent DNA.The model must be as accurate as possible,but also allow people to climb.You are asked to evaluate the model for scientific accuracy.Which of the following design suggestions would you accept?

Accepted Answer

A)  The steps in the staircase are painted to look like phosphates and sugars. 
B)  People climbing the stairs will hold onto handrails made of sugars. 
C)  A support post runs down the very center,representing a string of phosphates. 
D)  People climbing the staircase will step on pairs of bases. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  The steps in the staircase are painted to look like phosphates and sugars. 
B)  People climbing the stairs will hold onto handrails made of sugars. 
C)  A support post runs down the very center,representing a string of phosphates. 
D)  People climbing the staircase will step on pairs of bases. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 14

What is the purpose of careful primer design before PCR?

Accepted Answer

A)  Primers indicate the section of DNA that will be amplified and mark where DNA polymerase begins replication. 
B)  Primers allow for complementary nucleotides to be added to the new strand of DNA. 
C)  Primers are used to separate the original DNA strand to give polymerase a place to start replication. 
D)  Primers are the nucleotides that are used in a PCR reaction to form DNA strands. 
E)  Primers are enzymes that speed up the rate of a PCR reaction. 
A)  Primers indicate the section of DNA that will be amplified and mark where DNA polymerase begins replication. 
B)  Primers allow for complementary nucleotides to be added to the new strand of DNA. 
C)  Primers are used to separate the original DNA strand to give polymerase a place to start replication. 
D)  Primers are the nucleotides that are used in a PCR reaction to form DNA strands. 
E)  Primers are enzymes that speed up the rate of a PCR reaction.

Question 15

The _____ chromosomes in a human cell from inside the cheek are found in the _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  46;cytoplasm 
B)  23;nucleus 
C)  24;cytoplasm 
D)  46;nucleus 
E)  22;nucleus 
A)  46;cytoplasm 
B)  23;nucleus 
C)  24;cytoplasm 
D)  46;nucleus 
E)  22;nucleus

Question 16

Which of the following base pairs would be found in normal DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  A and T 
B)  G and G 
C)  C and A 
D)  T and C 
E)  All of the above are correct. 
A)  A and T 
B)  G and G 
C)  C and A 
D)  T and C 
E)  All of the above are correct.

Question 17

Whose DNA would be least similar to yours?

Accepted Answer

A)  mother 
B)  father 
C)  mother's brother 
D)  identical twin 
E)  elder sibling 
A)  mother 
B)  father 
C)  mother's brother 
D)  identical twin 
E)  elder sibling

Question 18

PCR amplification of DNA requires

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA,primers,RNA polymerase,and deoxyribonucleotides. 
B)  DNA polymerase and deoxyribonucleotides. 
C)  DNA,primers,DNA polymerase,and deoxyribonucleotides. 
D)  DNA polymerase,deoxyribonucleotides,and primers. 
E)  DNA,primers,RNA polymerase,and ribonucleotides. 
A)  DNA,primers,RNA polymerase,and deoxyribonucleotides. 
B)  DNA polymerase and deoxyribonucleotides. 
C)  DNA,primers,DNA polymerase,and deoxyribonucleotides. 
D)  DNA polymerase,deoxyribonucleotides,and primers. 
E)  DNA,primers,RNA polymerase,and ribonucleotides.

Question 19

Which statement about PCR is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  PCR will amplify DNA,even from just a single DNA molecule. 
B)  Amplification of DNA in a PCR reaction is exponential. 
C)  PCR works on only a single strand of DNA at a time. 
D)  PCR uses primers to amplify both DNA strands simultaneously. 
E)  PCR requires DNA,primers,DNA polymerase,and nucleotides. 
A)  PCR will amplify DNA,even from just a single DNA molecule. 
B)  Amplification of DNA in a PCR reaction is exponential. 
C)  PCR works on only a single strand of DNA at a time. 
D)  PCR uses primers to amplify both DNA strands simultaneously. 
E)  PCR requires DNA,primers,DNA polymerase,and nucleotides.

Question 20

What is DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  a molecule that is passed down to children from the father but not the mother 
B)  a molecule found only in blood 
C)  a molecule common to all life forms 
D)  a molecule found only in mammals 
E)  a molecule made of a single strand of nucleotides 
A)  a molecule that is passed down to children from the father but not the mother 
B)  a molecule found only in blood 
C)  a molecule common to all life forms 
D)  a molecule found only in mammals 
E)  a molecule made of a single strand of nucleotides

Exam 7: DNA Structure and Replication

The use of DNA in forensic science is

Liver cells and kidney cells do different tasks because they

What are the four nucleotide bases that make up the "rungs" of the nucleotide ladder of DNA?

You are studying the DNA profile of an individual,and you are looking at the results for a chromosome with just one STR site.How many bands will you see?

Which of these is NOT a nucleotide found in DNA?

Since 1992,the Innocence Project has overturned the convictions and freed more than

Which of the following describes the pattern of increasing copies of DNA during PCR amplification?

DNA is a type of molecule called a _________.Its smaller parts are called __________.

A DNA profile of an individual is usually made by comparing banding patterns from

What is the "double helix" when referring to the structure of DNA?

You can detect DNA that is specifically from the X chromosome in a DNA sample from a person.Why can't you definitively determine the sex of that person (male or female)from the presence of the X chromosome?

A science museum hires an interior designer to create a spiral staircase that will represent DNA.The model must be as accurate as possible,but also allow people to climb.You are asked to evaluate the model for scientific accuracy.Which of the following design suggestions would you accept?

What is the purpose of careful primer design before PCR?

The _____ chromosomes in a human cell from inside the cheek are found in the _____.

Which of the following base pairs would be found in normal DNA?

Whose DNA would be least similar to yours?

PCR amplification of DNA requires

Which statement about PCR is FALSE?

What is DNA?

Process of Science

Chemistry of Life

Cell Structure and Function

Nutrition, Enzymes, Metabolism

Energy and Photosynthesis

Dietary Energy and Cellular Respiration

Genes to Proteins

Cell Cycle and Cell Differentiation

Mutations and Cancer

Simple Inheritance and Meiosis

Complex Inheritance

Natural Selection and Adaptation

Nonadaptive Evolution and Speciation

Evidence for Evolution

Life on Earth

Prokaryotic Diversity

Eukaryotic Diversity

Human Evolution

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystem Ecology

Sustainability

Plant Growth and Reproduction

Plant Physiology

Overview of Physiology

Digestive System

Cardiovascular System

Respiratory System

Central Nervous System

Reproductive System

Immune System

A Range of Biology

Filters

DNA is a type of molecule called a _.Its smaller parts are called __.

The _ chromosomes in a human cell from inside the cheek are found in the _.