Question 1

A cell divides before properly completing S phase.Which of the following would be a likely result?

Accepted Answer

A)  two perfectly normal cells 
B)  one perfectly normal cell 
C)  two cells with extra DNA 
D)  two cells with some missing DNA 
E)  one cell with extra DNA and one with missing DNA 
A)  two perfectly normal cells 
B)  one perfectly normal cell 
C)  two cells with extra DNA 
D)  two cells with some missing DNA 
E)  one cell with extra DNA and one with missing DNA D

Question 2

A group of tissues working together perform the complex functions of

Accepted Answer

A)  a tissue. 
B)  an organ. 
C)  an organ system. 
D)  an organism. 
E)  a bladder. 
A)  a tissue. 
B)  an organ. 
C)  an organ system. 
D)  an organism. 
E)  a bladder. B

Question 3

Which organ has been successfully reconstructed using tissue engineering?

Accepted Answer

A)  kidney 
B)  liver 
C)  heart 
D)  bladder 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  kidney 
B)  liver 
C)  heart 
D)  bladder 
E)  All of the above. D

Question 4

Why don't engineered bladders get rejected by the patient's immune system when they are implanted?

Accepted Answer

A)  The patient takes strong immunosuppressive drugs to prevent rejection. 
B)  The bladders are taken from another member of the same family. 
C)  The bladder is not as functional as a regular bladder,making it less susceptible to immune rejection. 
D)  Engineered bladders are made of sections from the patient's bowels. 
E)  Engineered bladders are grown from the patient's own cells. 
A)  The patient takes strong immunosuppressive drugs to prevent rejection. 
B)  The bladders are taken from another member of the same family. 
C)  The bladder is not as functional as a regular bladder,making it less susceptible to immune rejection. 
D)  Engineered bladders are made of sections from the patient's bowels. 
E)  Engineered bladders are grown from the patient's own cells.

Question 5

Which phase(s)occur during interphase?

Accepted Answer

A)  G1,S,and G2 
B)  G1,S,G2,and mitosis 
C)  mitosis 
D)  G1 and G2 
E)  S,G2,and mitosis 
A)  G1,S,and G2 
B)  G1,S,G2,and mitosis 
C)  mitosis 
D)  G1 and G2 
E)  S,G2,and mitosis

Question 6

Organs are composed of

Accepted Answer

A)  one type of cell. 
B)  one type of tissue. 
C)  at least two tissues. 
D)  more than three cell types. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  one type of cell. 
B)  one type of tissue. 
C)  at least two tissues. 
D)  more than three cell types. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 7

DNA replication occurs during which phase of the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  metaphase 
B)  cytokinesis 
C)  interphase 
D)  prophase 
E)  anaphase 
A)  metaphase 
B)  cytokinesis 
C)  interphase 
D)  prophase 
E)  anaphase

Question 8

Which of the following cell types goes through the cell cycle most frequently?

Accepted Answer

A)  heart muscle cell 
B)  bicep muscle cell 
C)  brain nerve cell 
D)  skin cell 
E)  spinal nerve cell 
A)  heart muscle cell 
B)  bicep muscle cell 
C)  brain nerve cell 
D)  skin cell 
E)  spinal nerve cell

Question 9

When chromosomes duplicate,the copies are

Accepted Answer

A)  not connected together. 
B)  connected together at only one end. 
C)  connected together at both ends but not the middle. 
D)  connected to each other along their entire length. 
E)  connected at only one point. 
A)  not connected together. 
B)  connected together at only one end. 
C)  connected together at both ends but not the middle. 
D)  connected to each other along their entire length. 
E)  connected at only one point.

Question 10

Sister chromatids are

Accepted Answer

A)  duplicated chromosomes. 
B)  identical copies. 
C)  separated during mitosis. 
D)  made during the S phase. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  duplicated chromosomes. 
B)  identical copies. 
C)  separated during mitosis. 
D)  made during the S phase. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 11

In_________,chromosomes align in the middle of the cell,tugged there by spindle fibers.

Accepted Answer

A)  prophase 
B)  metaphase 
C)  anaphase 
D)  telophase 
E)  interphase 
A)  prophase 
B)  metaphase 
C)  anaphase 
D)  telophase 
E)  interphase

Question 12

Chromosomes first coil up and become visible during

Accepted Answer

A)  interphase. 
B)  prophase. 
C)  metaphase. 
D)  anaphase. 
E)  telophase. 
A)  interphase. 
B)  prophase. 
C)  metaphase. 
D)  anaphase. 
E)  telophase.

Question 13

Which of the following is placed in the correct order of increasing complexity?

Accepted Answer

A)  circulatory system$\rightarrow$cardiac muscle$\rightarrow$heart$\rightarrow$cardiac cell 
B)  circulatory system$\rightarrow$heart$\rightarrow$cardiac muscle$\rightarrow$cardiac cell 
C)  cardiac cell$\rightarrow$heart$\rightarrow$cardiac muscle$\rightarrow$circulatory system 
D)  cardiac cell$\rightarrow$cardiac muscle$\rightarrow$heart$\rightarrow$circulatory system 
E)  cardiac cell$\rightarrow$cardiac muscle$\rightarrow$circulatory system$\rightarrow$heart 
A)  circulatory system$\rightarrow$cardiac muscle$\rightarrow$heart$\rightarrow$cardiac cell 
B)  circulatory system$\rightarrow$heart$\rightarrow$cardiac muscle$\rightarrow$cardiac cell 
C)  cardiac cell$\rightarrow$heart$\rightarrow$cardiac muscle$\rightarrow$circulatory system 
D)  cardiac cell$\rightarrow$cardiac muscle$\rightarrow$heart$\rightarrow$circulatory system 
E)  cardiac cell$\rightarrow$cardiac muscle$\rightarrow$circulatory system$\rightarrow$heart

Question 14

Which statement is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mitosis occurs during wound healing. 
B)  Mitosis is required for embryonic development. 
C)  Mitosis is part of the process used to repair damaged tissues. 
D)  Mitosis is required to halve the chromosome number of cells. 
E)  Mitosis occurs regularly in our body. 
A)  Mitosis occurs during wound healing. 
B)  Mitosis is required for embryonic development. 
C)  Mitosis is part of the process used to repair damaged tissues. 
D)  Mitosis is required to halve the chromosome number of cells. 
E)  Mitosis occurs regularly in our body.

Question 15

The end result of mitosis and cytokinesis is

Accepted Answer

A)  two cells identical in size and genetic material. 
B)  two cells identical in genetic material,but one is smaller than the other. 
C)  three cells,one of which is twice the size of the other two. 
D)  two cells,each with half the number of chromosomes as the mother cell. 
E)  two cells,each with twice the number of chromosomes as the mother cell. 
A)  two cells identical in size and genetic material. 
B)  two cells identical in genetic material,but one is smaller than the other. 
C)  three cells,one of which is twice the size of the other two. 
D)  two cells,each with half the number of chromosomes as the mother cell. 
E)  two cells,each with twice the number of chromosomes as the mother cell.

Question 16

By what stage in mitosis are sister chromatids completely separated into what will become two new daughter nuclei?

Accepted Answer

A)  prophase 
B)  metaphase 
C)  anaphase 
D)  telophase 
E)  interphase 
A)  prophase 
B)  metaphase 
C)  anaphase 
D)  telophase 
E)  interphase

Question 17

How can a blastocyst,which is basically a mass of cells,develop into different tissues,organs,systems,and ultimately a fetus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chemicals enter the cells,causing them to become different tissues. 
B)  Chemical signals cause the production of genes. 
C)  Chemical signals cause the regulation of genes and production of particular proteins. 
D)  Chemical signals cause the regulation of proteins that will produce the appropriate genes. 
E)  Chemical signals cause all cells to develop into one type of organ that splits off into all the organs of the body. 
A)  Chemicals enter the cells,causing them to become different tissues. 
B)  Chemical signals cause the production of genes. 
C)  Chemical signals cause the regulation of genes and production of particular proteins. 
D)  Chemical signals cause the regulation of proteins that will produce the appropriate genes. 
E)  Chemical signals cause all cells to develop into one type of organ that splits off into all the organs of the body.

Question 18

____ is a decades old example of successful stem cell therapy.

Accepted Answer

A)  Kidney transplants 
B)  Liver transplants 
C)  Bone-marrow transplants 
D)  Heart transplants 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  Kidney transplants 
B)  Liver transplants 
C)  Bone-marrow transplants 
D)  Heart transplants 
E)  None of the above.

Question 19

Although there have been many successes in stem cell research,scientists still face all of the following challenges,EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  how to take a biopsy. 
B)  how to grow large organs. 
C)  how to grow complex organs. 
D)  how to find stem cells in certain types of organs. 
A)  how to take a biopsy. 
B)  how to grow large organs. 
C)  how to grow complex organs. 
D)  how to find stem cells in certain types of organs.

Question 20

Which of the following cell types is MOST differentiated?

Accepted Answer

A)  zygote cell 
B)  bone-marrow cell 
C)  neuron from the cerebral cortex 
D)  neural stem cell 
E)  mesenchymal stem cell 
A)  zygote cell 
B)  bone-marrow cell 
C)  neuron from the cerebral cortex 
D)  neural stem cell 
E)  mesenchymal stem cell

Exam 9: Cell Cycle and Cell Differentiation

A cell divides before properly completing S phase.Which of the following would be a likely result?

A group of tissues working together perform the complex functions of

Which organ has been successfully reconstructed using tissue engineering?

Why don't engineered bladders get rejected by the patient's immune system when they are implanted?

Which phase(s)occur during interphase?

Organs are composed of

DNA replication occurs during which phase of the cell cycle?

Which of the following cell types goes through the cell cycle most frequently?

When chromosomes duplicate,the copies are

Sister chromatids are

In_________,chromosomes align in the middle of the cell,tugged there by spindle fibers.

Chromosomes first coil up and become visible during

Which of the following is placed in the correct order of increasing complexity?

Which statement is FALSE?

The end result of mitosis and cytokinesis is

By what stage in mitosis are sister chromatids completely separated into what will become two new daughter nuclei?

How can a blastocyst,which is basically a mass of cells,develop into different tissues,organs,systems,and ultimately a fetus?

____ is a decades old example of successful stem cell therapy.

Although there have been many successes in stem cell research,scientists still face all of the following challenges,EXCEPT

Which of the following cell types is MOST differentiated?

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