Question 1

Describe how the rise of O2-producing bacteria might have led to the eventual predominance of aerobic organisms on earth.

Accepted Answer

The rise of O₂-producing bacteria would r

Question 2

Explain the difference,if any,between a proteome and a proteasome.

Accepted Answer

A proteome is the list of all

Question 3

Why is an asymmetric carbon atom called a chiral center?

Accepted Answer

An asymmetric carbon has four different

Question 4

The four covalent bonds in methane (CH4)are arranged around carbon to give which one of the following geometries?

Accepted Answer

A) Linear 
B) Tetrahedral 
C) Trigonal bipyramidal 
D) Trigonal planar 
E) Trigonal pyramidal 
A) Linear 
B) Tetrahedral 
C) Trigonal bipyramidal 
D) Trigonal planar 
E) Trigonal pyramidal

Question 5

What is meant by feedback inhibition and why is it important in a living organism?

Accepted Answer

Feedback inhibition is the regulation of

Question 6

What functional groups are present on this molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) Ether and aldehyde 
B) Hydroxyl and aldehyde 
C) Hydroxyl and carboxylic acid 
D) Hydroxyl and ester 
E) Hydroxyl and ketone 
A) Ether and aldehyde 
B) Hydroxyl and aldehyde 
C) Hydroxyl and carboxylic acid 
D) Hydroxyl and ester 
E) Hydroxyl and ketone

Question 7

The catalog of all proteins functioning in a cell is the:

Accepted Answer

A) metabolome. 
B) proteasome. 
C) lysosome. 
D) proteome. 
E) genome. 
A) metabolome. 
B) proteasome. 
C) lysosome. 
D) proteome. 
E) genome.

Question 8

The macromolecules that serve in the storage and transmission of genetic information are:

Accepted Answer

A) carbohydrates. 
B) lipids. 
C) membranes. 
D) nucleic acids. 
E) proteins. 
A) carbohydrates. 
B) lipids. 
C) membranes. 
D) nucleic acids. 
E) proteins.

Question 9

Stereoisomers that are nonsuperimposable mirror images of each other are known as:

Accepted Answer

A) anomers. 
B) cis-trans isomers. 
C) diastereoisomers. 
D) enantiomers. 
E) geometric isomers. 
A) anomers. 
B) cis-trans isomers. 
C) diastereoisomers. 
D) enantiomers. 
E) geometric isomers.

Question 10

Describe Stanley Miller's experiment (1953)and its relevance.

Accepted Answer

Miller subjected a gaseous mixture of am

Question 11

Draw the structures of the following functional groups in their un-ionized forms:
(a)hydroxyl.
(b)carboxyl.
(c)amino.
(d)phosphoryl.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Draw the structures of the following functional...

Question 12

Explain why living organisms are able to produce particular chiral forms of different biomolceules while laboratory chemical synthesis usually produces a racemic mixture.

Accepted Answer

Laboratory syntheses usually use achiral

Question 13

Most cells of higher plants have a cell wall outside the plasma membrane.What is the function of the cell wall?

Accepted Answer

The cell wall provides a rigid,protectiv

Question 14

(a)On the reaction coordinate diagram shown below,label the transition state and the overall free-energy change ($\Delta$G)for the uncatalyzed reaction A$\rightarrow$  B.
(b)Is this an exergonic or endergonic reaction? 
(c)Draw a second curve showing the energetics of the reaction if it were enzyme-catalyzed.

Accepted Answer

(a) and (c) (See Fig

Question 15

Which group of single-celled microorganisms has many members found growing in extreme environments?

Accepted Answer

A) Bacteria 
B) Archaea 
C) Eukaryotes 
D) Heterotrophs 
E) None of the above 
A) Bacteria 
B) Archaea 
C) Eukaryotes 
D) Heterotrophs 
E) None of the above

Question 16

Describe the relationship between a living organism and its surroundings in terms of both matter and energy.

Accepted Answer

Living organisms are open systems and ex

Exam 1: The Foundations of Biochemistry

Describe how the rise of O2-producing bacteria might have led to the eventual predominance of aerobic organisms on earth.

Explain the difference,if any,between a proteome and a proteasome.

Why is an asymmetric carbon atom called a chiral center?

The four covalent bonds in methane (CH4)are arranged around carbon to give which one of the following geometries?

What is meant by feedback inhibition and why is it important in a living organism?

What functional groups are present on this molecule?

The catalog of all proteins functioning in a cell is the:

The macromolecules that serve in the storage and transmission of genetic information are:

Stereoisomers that are nonsuperimposable mirror images of each other are known as:

Describe Stanley Miller's experiment (1953)and its relevance.

Draw the structures of the following functional groups in their un-ionized forms: (a)hydroxyl. (b)carboxyl. (c)amino. (d)phosphoryl.

Explain why living organisms are able to produce particular chiral forms of different biomolceules while laboratory chemical synthesis usually produces a racemic mixture.

Most cells of higher plants have a cell wall outside the plasma membrane.What is the function of the cell wall?

Which group of single-celled microorganisms has many members found growing in extreme environments?

Describe the relationship between a living organism and its surroundings in terms of both matter and energy.

Water

Amino Acids, peptides, and Proteins

The Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins

Protein Function

Enzymes

Carbohydrates and Glycobiology

Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

Recombinant Dna Technology

Lipids

Biological Membranes and Transport

Biosignaling

Principles of Bioenergetics

Glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Principles of Metabolic Regulation

The Citric Acid Cycle

Fatty Acid Catabolism

Amino Acid Oxidation and the Production of Urea

Oxidative Phosphorylation and Photophosphorylation

Carbohydrate Biosynthesis in Plants and Bacteria

Lipid Biosynthesis

Biosynthesis of Amino Acids, nucleotides, and Related Molecules

Integration and Hormonal Regulation of Mammalian Metabolism

Genes and Chromosomes

Dna Metabolism

Rna Metabolism

Protein Metabolism

Regulation of Gene Expression

Filters

Describe how the rise of O₂-producing bacteria might have led to the eventual predominance of aerobic organisms on earth.

The four covalent bonds in methane (CH₄)are arranged around carbon to give which one of the following geometries?