Exam 9: Influencing Children's Social Development by Structuring the Physical Environment

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Fewer problems are encountered during lunch when the size of utensils and servings is appropriate for the age of the children.

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Children in Mrs. Wang's group of toddlers are having tantrums with some regularity. What strategies, if any, should she use to minimize this loss of self-control?

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Pretend you are the head teacher for a group of five-year-olds. You are taking your class to the bakery. While there, they will bake something to bring back to the classroom. List four types of structuring you would use, explain why you would do each one, and provide an example of each.

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1. Clear instructions:
I would provide clear and simple instructions for the children to follow while at the bakery. This helps them understand what is expected of them and reduces confusion. For example, I would tell them to listen to the baker's instructions, use gentle hands when handling ingredients, and take turns with their classmates.

2. Visual aids:
I would use visual aids such as pictures or diagrams to show the children the steps of baking and what the finished product should look like. This helps them understand the process and what they are working towards. For example, I would show them a picture of a finished cupcake and the different ingredients needed to make it.

3. Small group activities:
I would divide the class into small groups to work on different tasks at the bakery. This allows each child to have a specific role and feel involved in the process. For example, one group could be in charge of mixing the ingredients, another group could be in charge of shaping the dough, and another group could be in charge of decorating the finished product.

4. Positive reinforcement:
I would provide praise and positive reinforcement throughout the baking activity to encourage the children and make them feel proud of their work. This helps boost their confidence and motivation. For example, I would praise each group for their efforts and compliment their finished baked goods.

When the reading area is overcrowded and noisy, which of the following structuring techniques would be most likely to promote social cooperation?

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Why should a definite routine or sequence be established for whole group transitions?

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Preschool-age children are too young to discuss the proper use and storage of materials everyone uses.

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Duplicate toys should be available for toddlers.

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What are four possible explanations for tiredness?

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Mrs. Boef has a very limited budget for learning materials in the child care center. She can provide only the same number of play slots as the number of children with the materials that are there. Other than increasing the budget, what is the best alternative?

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A small group of children is fewer than eight children.

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Toys safe for 12-year-olds are equally safe for seven-year-olds.

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What is the function of planning?

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One activity space per child is sufficient for a preschool classroom.

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Effective organization of space, time, and materials is based on tradition within the program.

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The teacher puts up signs showing stick figures to indicate how many children could be in each activity at a time. This is an example of adding to the environment.

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Knowledge, skill, and time are resources that are used in structuring.

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When an adult says, "I am concerned that you will fall if you run downhill in the gravel," what value is being expressed?

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What is the purpose of including a private area within the space of a program?

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Why should the equipment and materials in an early childhood classroom be arranged in learning centers?

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Collaboration with children requires involving them in the full structuring process.

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