Exam 5: A: Learning

Animals exposed to unavoidable,uncontrollable aversive stimulation exhibit _______ when later trained in an avoidance procedure.

By pairing the ringing of a bell with the presentation of meat,Pavlov trained dogs to salivate to the sound of a bell even when no meat was presented.In this experiment,the ringing of the bell was the _______.

The type of learning that involves a sudden coming together of the elements of a situation so that the solution to a problem is instantly clear is __________.

Which of the following is NOT a negative reinforcer?

Social learning theory's foremost proponent is __________.

Bobby and Sue were parked at Lover's Lane.When Bobby kissed Sue,his breathing accelerated.Sue always wore Chanel #5 when she went out with Bobby.Bobby's accelerated breathing when he and Sue kissed is the:

Any event whose presence decreases the likelihood that ongoing behavior will recur is __________.

Abigail is trying to figure out how she can BEST use employee pay to shape her employees' behavior.She is worried about consistent behavior,not speed.Therefore,she is interested in getting a slow but steady rate of response from her workers.According to reinforcement principles,she should probably use a ________ schedule.

Of the four basic elements of classical conditioning,the one the organism learns to respond to is the:

Insight is a concept associated with ________ learning theory.

A pigeon learns to peck only at a red disk.It will not peck at an identical disk of any other color.This illustrates the concept of _______.

If a researcher presents the US first,then presents the CS,the pairing method used is _______.

As she walked through her neighborhood,Jodie,a 6-year-old girl,frequently saw a large brown dog.She repeatedly walked to the dog to pet it,but as her hand approached the animal,it barked and bit her.The bite was painful and caused her to cry.Now Jodie cries when she sees dogs of any color or size.Jodie's crying when she sees dogs is the ________.

The only vending machine in your dorm is notorious for delivering its merchandise only occasionally when people put money in it.This is most similar to a _______ schedule of reinforcement.

The person MOST closely associated with the law of effect is __________.

Mom and Dad think it is real funny,and laugh when their 2-year-old,Bruce,says dirty words.When Bruce is sent home from kindergarten because of swearing,they don't understand why he cusses.Now when he cusses at home they ignore the cussing (they don't think it's cute anymore).Laughing in this example is:

When you were first learning to make your bed,your parents told you that you did a good job when you got the bedspread pulled up,even though the bed was still a little messy.For the next week they showed you how to be a little neater each time you made the bed.What operant conditioning procedure did your parents use?

By pairing the ringing of a bell with the presentation of meat,Pavlov trained dogs to salivate to the sound of a bell even when no meat was presented.In this experiment,salivation to the meat was the _______.

Electric shock,scoldings,and bad grades are:

Stimulus discrimination: