Question 1

The factor matrix is also called the factor pattern matrix.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Selecting surrogate variables works well if one factor loading for a variable is clearly higher than all other factor loadings.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Percentage of variance accounted for,scree plot,and a priori determination are all procedures for determining the number of factors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Interpretation is facilitated by identifying the variables that have small loadings on the same factor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Factor scores should be computed if the goal of factor analysis is to use the results in subsequent multivariate analysis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

If the variables are standardized,the factor model may be presented as ________.

Accepted Answer

A) Xi = Ai1 F1 + Ai2 F2 + Ai3 F3 + ...+ Aim Fm + ViUi 
B) Xi = Wi1 F1 + Wi2 F2 + Wi3 F3 + ...+ Wim Fm + ViUi 
C) Fi = Wi1 X1 + Wi2 X2 + Wi3 X3 + ...+ Wim Xm + ViUi 
D) Xi = Ai1 F1 + Ai2 F2 + Ai3 F3 + ...+ Aim Fm 
A) Xi = Ai1 F1 + Ai2 F2 + Ai3 F3 + ...+ Aim Fm + ViUi 
B) Xi = Wi1 F1 + Wi2 F2 + Wi3 F3 + ...+ Wim Fm + ViUi 
C) Fi = Wi1 X1 + Wi2 X2 + Wi3 X3 + ...+ Wim Xm + ViUi 
D) Xi = Ai1 F1 + Ai2 F2 + Ai3 F3 + ...+ Aim Fm

Question 7

For the factor analysis to be appropriate,the variables must be correlated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following statements is not true about factor rotation?

Accepted Answer

A) Through rotation,the factor matrix is transformed into a simpler one that is easier to interpret. 
B) Rotation affects the communalities and the percentage of total variance explained. 
C) Preferably,each factor should have a nonzero,or significant,loadings or coefficients for only some of the variables. 
D) Different methods of rotation may result in the identification of different factors. 
A) Through rotation,the factor matrix is transformed into a simpler one that is easier to interpret. 
B) Rotation affects the communalities and the percentage of total variance explained. 
C) Preferably,each factor should have a nonzero,or significant,loadings or coefficients for only some of the variables. 
D) Different methods of rotation may result in the identification of different factors.

Question 9

When selecting variables to serve as surrogate variables,you should look for the variable with the highest loading on a factor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

When using eigenvalues to determine the number of factors,only factors with eigenvalues greater than .05 are retained.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Factor analysis may not be appropriate in all of the following situations except ________.

Accepted Answer

A) a small value for Bartlett's test of sphericity is found 
B) small values of the KMO statistic are found 
C) the variables are not correlated 
D) the variables are correlated 
A) a small value for Bartlett's test of sphericity is found 
B) small values of the KMO statistic are found 
C) the variables are not correlated 
D) the variables are correlated

Question 12

The various methods of factor analysis are differentiated by the approach used to derive the weights or factor score coefficients.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The factor scores for the ith factor may be estimated as follows: ________.

Accepted Answer

A) Fi = Wi1 X1 + Wi2 X2 + Wi3 X3 + ...+ Wik Xk 
B) Fi = Wi1 X1 + Wi2 X2 + Wi3 Y3 + ...+ Wik Yk 
C) Xi = Wi1 F1 + Wi2 F2 + Wi3 F3 + ...+ Wim Fm 
D) Xi = Ai1 F1 + Ai2 F2 + Ai3 F3 + ...+  Aim Fm 
A) Fi = Wi1 X1 + Wi2 X2 + Wi3 X3 + ...+ Wik Xk 
B) Fi = Wi1 X1 + Wi2 X2 + Wi3 Y3 + ...+ Wik Yk 
C) Xi = Wi1 F1 + Wi2 F2 + Wi3 F3 + ...+ Wim Fm 
D) Xi = Ai1 F1 + Ai2 F2 + Ai3 F3 + ...+  Aim Fm

Question 14

Factor analysis can be used in which of the following circumstances?

Accepted Answer

A) To identify underlying dimensions,or factors,that explain the correlations among a set of variables. 
B) To identify a new,smaller set of uncorrelated variables to replace the original set of correlated variables in subsequent multivariate analysis. 
C) To identify a smaller set of salient variables from a larger set for use in subsequent multivariate analysis. 
D) All are correct circumstances. 
A) To identify underlying dimensions,or factors,that explain the correlations among a set of variables. 
B) To identify a new,smaller set of uncorrelated variables to replace the original set of correlated variables in subsequent multivariate analysis. 
C) To identify a smaller set of salient variables from a larger set for use in subsequent multivariate analysis. 
D) All are correct circumstances.

Question 15

Communality is ________.

Accepted Answer

A) the amount of variance a variable shares with all the other variables being considered 
B) the percentage of the total variance attributed to each factor 
C) the proportion of variance explained by the common factors 
D) both A and C are correct 
A) the amount of variance a variable shares with all the other variables being considered 
B) the percentage of the total variance attributed to each factor 
C) the proportion of variance explained by the common factors 
D) both A and C are correct

Question 16

The unrotated factor matrix seldom results in factors that can be interpreted because the factors are correlated with many variables.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

A ________ is a lower triangle matrix showing the simple correlations,r,between all possible pairs of variables included in the analysis.

Accepted Answer

A) factor matrix 
B) classification matrix 
C) correlation matrix 
D) total correlation matrix 
A) factor matrix 
B) classification matrix 
C) correlation matrix 
D) total correlation matrix

Question 18

Factors can be estimated so that their factor scores are not correlated and the first factor accounts for the highest variance in the data,the second factor the second highest and so on.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

What are the steps involved in conducting factor analysis (Figure 19.3 in the text)?

Accepted Answer

The steps involved in conducting factor

Question 20

________ is an approach to factor analysis that estimates the factors based only on the common variance.

Accepted Answer

A) Principal components analysis 
B) Common factor analysis 
C) Omega method 
D) Unweighted least squares 
A) Principal components analysis 
B) Common factor analysis 
C) Omega method 
D) Unweighted least squares

Exam 19: Factor Analysis

The factor matrix is also called the factor pattern matrix.

Selecting surrogate variables works well if one factor loading for a variable is clearly higher than all other factor loadings.

Percentage of variance accounted for,scree plot,and a priori determination are all procedures for determining the number of factors.

Interpretation is facilitated by identifying the variables that have small loadings on the same factor.

Factor scores should be computed if the goal of factor analysis is to use the results in subsequent multivariate analysis.

If the variables are standardized,the factor model may be presented as ________.

For the factor analysis to be appropriate,the variables must be correlated.

Which of the following statements is not true about factor rotation?

When selecting variables to serve as surrogate variables,you should look for the variable with the highest loading on a factor.

When using eigenvalues to determine the number of factors,only factors with eigenvalues greater than .05 are retained.

Factor analysis may not be appropriate in all of the following situations except ________.

The various methods of factor analysis are differentiated by the approach used to derive the weights or factor score coefficients.

The factor scores for the ith factor may be estimated as follows: ________.

Factor analysis can be used in which of the following circumstances?

Communality is ________.

The unrotated factor matrix seldom results in factors that can be interpreted because the factors are correlated with many variables.

A ________ is a lower triangle matrix showing the simple correlations,r,between all possible pairs of variables included in the analysis.

Factors can be estimated so that their factor scores are not correlated and the first factor accounts for the highest variance in the data,the second factor the second highest and so on.

What are the steps involved in conducting factor analysis (Figure 19.3 in the text)?

________ is an approach to factor analysis that estimates the factors based only on the common variance.

Introduction to Marketing Research

Defining the Marketing Research Problem and Developing an Approach

Research Design

Exploratory Research Design: Secondary Data

Exploratory Research Design: Qualitative Research

Descriptive Research Design: Survey and Observation

Causal Research Design: Experimentation

Measurement and Scaling: Fundamentals and Comparative Scaling

Measurement and Scaling: Noncomparative Scaling Techniques

Questionnaire and Form Design

Sampling: Design and Procedures

Sampling: Final and Initial Sample Size Determination

Fieldwork

Data Preparation

Frequency Distribution,cross-Tabulation,and Hypothesis Testing

Analysis of Variance and Covariance

Correlation and Regression

Discriminant and Logit Analysis

Cluster Analysis

Multidimensional Scaling and Conjoint Analysis

Structural Equation Modeling and Path Analysis

Report Preparation and Presentation

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