Exam 10: Approaches to Instruction

An experimenter was interested in discovering which one of two reading programs was more effective for dyslexic children. What type of design would not be appropriate for this study and why not?

The design that allows for the greatest reduction of error variance is:

Under what condition would a within-subjects design not be appropriate?

In a randomized block design, subjects are matched on gender. Since gender is measured on a nominal scale, ____ was used in matching participants.

The design below best illustrates which of the following designs?

In a matched-subjects procedure, participants are matched on a variable that:

An experimenter was interested in the effects of reward on performance in basketball shooting. Ten male and ten female individuals who had not played basketball before were selected for participation in the study. For the first 10 shots, they earned 5 cents for each basket; for the next 10 shots they earned 1 dollar per basket; for the final 10 shots, they were awarded 5 dollars per basket. Results indicated that females scored more baskets than males that all participants scored more baskets when given greater rewards, and that males' performance improved to a greater degree than females' as reward level increased. What is (are) the independent variable(s) in this study? What type of experimental design was used in this study? What is the most likely confound present in this study? How would you control for that confound? Graph the results and interpret them in words.

The reason for statistically less error variance in within-subjects designs is:

The design below best illustrates which of the following designs?

Matched-subjects designs have some advantages over both within-subjects designs and between-subjects designs. Under what conditions would you choose a matched-subjects design rather than a within-subjects design? What are the advantages of the matched-subjects design compared to a between-subjects design?

For complete counterbalancing:

Within-subjects designs are good for:

In the within-subjects design, the effects of treatment order can be controlled by:

If complete counterbalancing is used for a three condition experiment, there will be ____ possible orders.

In a within-subjects design, who receives all levels of the independent variable?

Matched-subjects procedures reduce error variance:

If practice of experimental tasks leads to an increase in performance by participants, ____ are said to have occurred.

Matched subjects procedures are:

What effect do within-subjects designs have on F ratios?

____ effects refer to any increases or decreases in performance due to continued repetition of tasks.