Question 1

If matching is used as an experimental procedure, then the:

Accepted Answer

A)  matching variable is analyzed. 
B)  matching variable is not analyzed. 
C)  procedure is called a randomized block design. 
D)  matching variable is analyzed and the procedure is called a randomized block design. 
A)  matching variable is analyzed. 
B)  matching variable is not analyzed. 
C)  procedure is called a randomized block design. 
D)  matching variable is analyzed and the procedure is called a randomized block design.

Question 2

When matching is used as an experimental procedure, the effect of the matching variable:

Accepted Answer

A)  is randomized. 
B)  is eliminated. 
C)  cannot be interpreted causally. 
D)  is counterbalanced. 
A)  is randomized. 
B)  is eliminated. 
C)  cannot be interpreted causally. 
D)  is counterbalanced.

Question 3

The design below best illustrates which of the following designs?

Accepted Answer

A)  between-subjects design 
B)  repeated measures design 
C)  quasi-experimental design 
D)  matched-subjects design 
A)  between-subjects design 
B)  repeated measures design 
C)  quasi-experimental design 
D)  matched-subjects design

Question 4

In a within-subjects design, as compared to a between-subjects design, you are:

Accepted Answer

A)  less likely to reject the null hypothesis. 
B)  more likely to make a Type II error. 
C)  more likely to obtain a small F ratio. 
D)  more likely to obtain a large F ratio. 
A)  less likely to reject the null hypothesis. 
B)  more likely to make a Type II error. 
C)  more likely to obtain a small F ratio. 
D)  more likely to obtain a large F ratio.

Question 5

In a mixed design:

Accepted Answer

A)  you do not need to counterbalance. 
B)  you do not have to worry about order effects. 
C)  error variances of the between and within comparisons are calculated differently. 
D)  all participants are not randomly assigned to conditions. 
A)  you do not need to counterbalance. 
B)  you do not have to worry about order effects. 
C)  error variances of the between and within comparisons are calculated differently. 
D)  all participants are not randomly assigned to conditions.

Question 6

Explain why it takes smaller treatment differences to reject the null hypothesis. Make sure you include a reference to the error variance.

Accepted Answer

When conducting hypothesis testing, the

Question 7

In a mixed design:

Accepted Answer

A)  one variable is manipulated between subjects and one variable is manipulated within subjects. 
B)  all variables are counterbalanced. 
C)  participants are matched on one variable only. 
D)  matching is used as a control procedure. 
A)  one variable is manipulated between subjects and one variable is manipulated within subjects. 
B)  all variables are counterbalanced. 
C)  participants are matched on one variable only. 
D)  matching is used as a control procedure.

Question 8

Discuss the types of counterbalancing and how they control order and time effects.

Accepted Answer

Counterbalancing is a technique used in

Question 9

The chapter describes an example of a within-subjects study examining miscalculation of space perception in airline pilots. What was the dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

A)  amount of landing error 
B)  type of aircraft simulated 
C)  years of experience as a pilot 
D)  number of lights on the runway in the simulation 
A)  amount of landing error 
B)  type of aircraft simulated 
C)  years of experience as a pilot 
D)  number of lights on the runway in the simulation

Question 10

Which of the following best illustrates why would we expect a reduction of error variance in a within-subjects design?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stephen's behavior in situations A, B, and C is more similar than Mary's, Kevin's, and Stuart's behaviors in situation X, Y, and Z. 
B)  Stephen's behavior in situations A, B, and C is less similar than Mary's, Kevin's, and Stuart behaviors in situations X, Y, and Z. 
C)  Stephen's behavior in situation A is similar to Mary's, Kevin's, and Stuart's behaviors in situation A. 
D)  Stephen's behavior in situation A is not similar to Mary's, Kevin's, and Stuart behaviors in situation A. 
A)  Stephen's behavior in situations A, B, and C is more similar than Mary's, Kevin's, and Stuart's behaviors in situation X, Y, and Z. 
B)  Stephen's behavior in situations A, B, and C is less similar than Mary's, Kevin's, and Stuart behaviors in situations X, Y, and Z. 
C)  Stephen's behavior in situation A is similar to Mary's, Kevin's, and Stuart's behaviors in situation A. 
D)  Stephen's behavior in situation A is not similar to Mary's, Kevin's, and Stuart behaviors in situation A.

Question 11

One advantage of a matched subjects design is:

Accepted Answer

A)  individuals do not have to be randomly assigned. 
B)  everything is automatically counterbalanced. 
C)  that error variance is decreased. 
D)  there are no individual differences. 
A)  individuals do not have to be randomly assigned. 
B)  everything is automatically counterbalanced. 
C)  that error variance is decreased. 
D)  there are no individual differences.

Question 12

A researcher wants to conduct an experiment that uses a 2 X 3 X 3 design and requires ten participants in each cell. ____ participants would be needed for a between-subjects design but only ____ would be needed if a within-subjects design is used.

Accepted Answer

A)  Eight, five 
B)  Eighteen, ten 
C)  Eight, three 
D)  Twenty-four, eight 
A)  Eight, five 
B)  Eighteen, ten 
C)  Eight, three 
D)  Twenty-four, eight

Question 13

Compare and contrast within-subject designs and between-subjects designs in the context of a study examining the effects of computer screen size on eye fatigue.

Accepted Answer

Within-subject designs and between-subje

Question 14

A within-subjects design is more sensitive than a between-subjects design because:

Accepted Answer

A)  there are fewer participants. 
B)  there is less error variance. 
C)  there are fewer degrees of freedom. 
D)  all of these 
A)  there are fewer participants. 
B)  there is less error variance. 
C)  there are fewer degrees of freedom. 
D)  all of these

Question 15

Another term for error variance is:

Accepted Answer

A)  within-subjects variance 
B)  between-groups variance. 
C)  systematic variance. 
D)  within-groups variance. 
A)  within-subjects variance 
B)  between-groups variance. 
C)  systematic variance. 
D)  within-groups variance.

If matching is used as an experimental procedure, then the:

When matching is used as an experimental procedure, the effect of the matching variable:

The design below best illustrates which of the following designs?

In a within-subjects design, as compared to a between-subjects design, you are:

In a mixed design:

Explain why it takes smaller treatment differences to reject the null hypothesis. Make sure you include a reference to the error variance.

In a mixed design:

Discuss the types of counterbalancing and how they control order and time effects.

The chapter describes an example of a within-subjects study examining miscalculation of space perception in airline pilots. What was the dependent variable?

Which of the following best illustrates why would we expect a reduction of error variance in a within-subjects design?

One advantage of a matched subjects design is:

A researcher wants to conduct an experiment that uses a 2 X 3 X 3 design and requires ten participants in each cell. participants would be needed for a between-subjects design but only would be needed if a within-subjects design is used.

Compare and contrast within-subject designs and between-subjects designs in the context of a study examining the effects of computer screen size on eye fatigue.

A within-subjects design is more sensitive than a between-subjects design because:

Another term for error variance is:

Applying Psychology to Teaching

Stage Theories of Development

Age-Level Characteristics

Understanding Student Differences

Addressing Cultural and Socioeconomic Diversity

Accommodating Student Variability

Behavioral and Social Learning Theories

Information-Processing Theory

Constructivist Learning Theory, Problem Solving, and Transfer

Motivation

Classroom Management

Assessment of Classroom Learning

Understanding and Using Standardized Tests

Becoming a Better Teacher by Becoming a Reflective Teacher

Becoming a Better Teacher by Becoming a Reflective Teacher

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Exam 10: Approaches to Instruction

If matching is used as an experimental procedure, then the:

When matching is used as an experimental procedure, the effect of the matching variable:

The design below best illustrates which of the following designs?

In a within-subjects design, as compared to a between-subjects design, you are:

In a mixed design:

Explain why it takes smaller treatment differences to reject the null hypothesis. Make sure you include a reference to the error variance.

In a mixed design:

Discuss the types of counterbalancing and how they control order and time effects.

The chapter describes an example of a within-subjects study examining miscalculation of space perception in airline pilots. What was the dependent variable?

Which of the following best illustrates why would we expect a reduction of error variance in a within-subjects design?

One advantage of a matched subjects design is:

A researcher wants to conduct an experiment that uses a 2 X 3 X 3 design and requires ten participants in each cell. ____ participants would be needed for a between-subjects design but only ____ would be needed if a within-subjects design is used.

Compare and contrast within-subject designs and between-subjects designs in the context of a study examining the effects of computer screen size on eye fatigue.

A within-subjects design is more sensitive than a between-subjects design because:

Another term for error variance is:

Applying Psychology to Teaching

Stage Theories of Development

Age-Level Characteristics

Understanding Student Differences

Addressing Cultural and Socioeconomic Diversity

Accommodating Student Variability

Behavioral and Social Learning Theories

Information-Processing Theory

Constructivist Learning Theory, Problem Solving, and Transfer

Motivation

Classroom Management

Assessment of Classroom Learning

Understanding and Using Standardized Tests

Becoming a Better Teacher by Becoming a Reflective Teacher

Becoming a Better Teacher by Becoming a Reflective Teacher

Filters

A researcher wants to conduct an experiment that uses a 2 X 3 X 3 design and requires ten participants in each cell. participants would be needed for a between-subjects design but only would be needed if a within-subjects design is used.