Question 1

Random assignment of participants to conditions has the advantage over other methods of assignment in that:

Accepted Answer

A)  it places equal numbers of participants in each group. 
B)  it ensures that each condition precedes and follows every other condition equally often. 
C)  it controls for known confounding variables. 
D)  it controls for both known and unknown confounding variables. 
A)  it places equal numbers of participants in each group. 
B)  it ensures that each condition precedes and follows every other condition equally often. 
C)  it controls for known confounding variables. 
D)  it controls for both known and unknown confounding variables.

Question 2

When assigning participants to groups, you should attempt to control for:

Accepted Answer

A)  as many individual differences as possible. 
B)  at least two individual differences. 
C)  just those individual differences that are potentially confounding based on commonsense and past research. 
D)  sex differences. 
A)  as many individual differences as possible. 
B)  at least two individual differences. 
C)  just those individual differences that are potentially confounding based on commonsense and past research. 
D)  sex differences.

Question 3

If there is a confounding variable in an experiment, you cannot:

Accepted Answer

A)  know the cause of the outcome. 
B)  obtain a significant result. 
C)  select participants randomly. 
D)  avoid making a Type II error. 
A)  know the cause of the outcome. 
B)  obtain a significant result. 
C)  select participants randomly. 
D)  avoid making a Type II error.

Question 4

External validity in an experiment is most related to:

Accepted Answer

A)  participant assignment to groups. 
B)  representativeness of the sample. 
C)  confounding variables. 
D)  a pretest. 
A)  participant assignment to groups. 
B)  representativeness of the sample. 
C)  confounding variables. 
D)  a pretest.

Question 5

Internal validity in an experiment is affected by:

Accepted Answer

A)  participant assignment to groups. 
B)  representatives of the sample. 
C)  participant selection procedures. 
D)  external validity. 
A)  participant assignment to groups. 
B)  representatives of the sample. 
C)  participant selection procedures. 
D)  external validity.

Question 6

If you are at the point where you are deciding who from the population shall be your participants, you should be using:

Accepted Answer

A)  factorial design. 
B)  random assignment. 
C)  Solomon's four-group design. 
D)  random sampling. 
A)  factorial design. 
B)  random assignment. 
C)  Solomon's four-group design. 
D)  random sampling.

Question 7

As an experimenter you've identified some confounding variables that you want to control. But you also think there might be some unknown potentially confounding variables. What method of assignment would be most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)  counterbalancing 
B)  equating 
C)  cluster sampling 
D)  randomization 
A)  counterbalancing 
B)  equating 
C)  cluster sampling 
D)  randomization

Question 8

Potentially confounding order effects can be addressed with:

Accepted Answer

A)  randomization. 
B)  equating. 
C)  counterbalancing. 
D)  none of these 
A)  randomization. 
B)  equating. 
C)  counterbalancing. 
D)  none of these

Question 9

Can random selection or assignment lead to a situation that results in groups being very different even before an experiment begins? Explain you answer.

Accepted Answer

Yes, random selection or assignment can

Question 10

Which of the following is not a necessary characteristic of a true experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  a pretest 
B)  random assignment of participants to groups 
C)  control of threats to internal validity 
D)  at least two levels of the independent variable 
A)  a pretest 
B)  random assignment of participants to groups 
C)  control of threats to internal validity 
D)  at least two levels of the independent variable

Question 11

If you wanted to randomly select fellow students in your class, you could:

Accepted Answer

A)  select those students on the left. 
B)  pick those students sitting in front. 
C)  use a random number table. 
D)  select them as they come to class. 
A)  select those students on the left. 
B)  pick those students sitting in front. 
C)  use a random number table. 
D)  select them as they come to class.

Question 12

A professor is advising you regarding the design of an experiment for a thesis. She asks you what you think is the best way to eliminate unintended participant assignment. What is your well-reasoned, educated response?

Accepted Answer

A)  counterbalancing 
B)  equating 
C)  operationalizing 
D)  randomization 
A)  counterbalancing 
B)  equating 
C)  operationalizing 
D)  randomization

Question 13

If individuals in different groups are not treated identically except for the independent variable, then:

Accepted Answer

A)  within-groups variance is increased. 
B)  the F ratio is decreased. 
C)  a possible confound is introduced. 
D)  between-groups variance is decreased. 
A)  within-groups variance is increased. 
B)  the F ratio is decreased. 
C)  a possible confound is introduced. 
D)  between-groups variance is decreased.

Question 14

If we have conducted random selection accurately, we would be fairly confident that:

Accepted Answer

A)  there are equal numbers in subject groups. 
B)  the independent variable has been operationally defined. 
C)  the sample of subjects reflects the population that we are studying. 
D)  confounding variables have increased in our experiment. 
A)  there are equal numbers in subject groups. 
B)  the independent variable has been operationally defined. 
C)  the sample of subjects reflects the population that we are studying. 
D)  confounding variables have increased in our experiment.

Question 15

What technique allows for the control of systematic confounds?

Accepted Answer

A)  random selection 
B)  bimodal distribution 
C)  random numbering 
D)  analysis of variance 
A)  random selection 
B)  bimodal distribution 
C)  random numbering 
D)  analysis of variance

Question 16

For a study to be considered a true experiment according to Campbell and Stanley, there must be at least ____ level(s) of the independent variable.

Accepted Answer

A)  random 
B)  1 
C)  2 
D)  3 
A)  random 
B)  1 
C)  2 
D)  3

Question 17

The counterbalancing procedure in assigning participants to either the experimental group (E) or control group (C) group would be best presented as:

Accepted Answer

A)  ECECECECECECEC 
B)  EEEEEEECCCCCCC 
C)  EECCEECCEECCEE 
D)  CCCCCCEEEEEEEE 
A)  ECECECECECECEC 
B)  EEEEEEECCCCCCC 
C)  EECCEECCEECCEE 
D)  CCCCCCEEEEEEEE

Question 18

To select participants from a pool of potential participant, you should not:

Accepted Answer

A)  use a computerized random number generator. 
B)  draw names from a hat. 
C)  select names from a list without trying to pay attention to who the individuals are. 
D)  use a random number table. 
A)  use a computerized random number generator. 
B)  draw names from a hat. 
C)  select names from a list without trying to pay attention to who the individuals are. 
D)  use a random number table.

Random assignment of participants to conditions has the advantage over other methods of assignment in that:

When assigning participants to groups, you should attempt to control for:

If there is a confounding variable in an experiment, you cannot:

External validity in an experiment is most related to:

Internal validity in an experiment is affected by:

If you are at the point where you are deciding who from the population shall be your participants, you should be using:

As an experimenter you've identified some confounding variables that you want to control. But you also think there might be some unknown potentially confounding variables. What method of assignment would be most appropriate?

Potentially confounding order effects can be addressed with:

Can random selection or assignment lead to a situation that results in groups being very different even before an experiment begins? Explain you answer.

Which of the following is not a necessary characteristic of a true experiment?

If you wanted to randomly select fellow students in your class, you could:

A professor is advising you regarding the design of an experiment for a thesis. She asks you what you think is the best way to eliminate unintended participant assignment. What is your well-reasoned, educated response?

If individuals in different groups are not treated identically except for the independent variable, then:

If we have conducted random selection accurately, we would be fairly confident that:

What technique allows for the control of systematic confounds?

For a study to be considered a true experiment according to Campbell and Stanley, there must be at least ____ level(s) of the independent variable.

The counterbalancing procedure in assigning participants to either the experimental group (E) or control group (C) group would be best presented as:

To select participants from a pool of potential participant, you should not:

Applying Psychology to Teaching

Stage Theories of Development

Age-Level Characteristics

Understanding Student Differences

Addressing Cultural and Socioeconomic Diversity

Accommodating Student Variability

Behavioral and Social Learning Theories

Constructivist Learning Theory, Problem Solving, and Transfer

Approaches to Instruction

Motivation

Classroom Management

Assessment of Classroom Learning

Understanding and Using Standardized Tests

Becoming a Better Teacher by Becoming a Reflective Teacher

Becoming a Better Teacher by Becoming a Reflective Teacher

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Exam 8: Information-Processing Theory

Random assignment of participants to conditions has the advantage over other methods of assignment in that:

When assigning participants to groups, you should attempt to control for:

If there is a confounding variable in an experiment, you cannot:

External validity in an experiment is most related to:

Internal validity in an experiment is affected by:

If you are at the point where you are deciding who from the population shall be your participants, you should be using:

As an experimenter you've identified some confounding variables that you want to control. But you also think there might be some unknown potentially confounding variables. What method of assignment would be most appropriate?

Potentially confounding order effects can be addressed with:

Can random selection or assignment lead to a situation that results in groups being very different even before an experiment begins? Explain you answer.

Which of the following is not a necessary characteristic of a true experiment?

If you wanted to randomly select fellow students in your class, you could:

A professor is advising you regarding the design of an experiment for a thesis. She asks you what you think is the best way to eliminate unintended participant assignment. What is your well-reasoned, educated response?

If individuals in different groups are not treated identically except for the independent variable, then:

If we have conducted random selection accurately, we would be fairly confident that:

What technique allows for the control of systematic confounds?

For a study to be considered a true experiment according to Campbell and Stanley, there must be at least ____ level(s) of the independent variable.

The counterbalancing procedure in assigning participants to either the experimental group (E) or control group (C) group would be best presented as:

To select participants from a pool of potential participant, you should not:

Applying Psychology to Teaching

Stage Theories of Development

Age-Level Characteristics

Understanding Student Differences

Addressing Cultural and Socioeconomic Diversity

Accommodating Student Variability

Behavioral and Social Learning Theories

Constructivist Learning Theory, Problem Solving, and Transfer

Approaches to Instruction

Motivation

Classroom Management

Assessment of Classroom Learning

Understanding and Using Standardized Tests

Becoming a Better Teacher by Becoming a Reflective Teacher

Becoming a Better Teacher by Becoming a Reflective Teacher

Filters