Question 1

Which region is interconnected to the hypothalamus by the hypophyseal portal system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adrenal cortex 
B)  Adrenal medulla 
C)  Anterior pituitary 
D)  Posterior pituitary 
A)  Adrenal cortex 
B)  Adrenal medulla 
C)  Anterior pituitary 
D)  Posterior pituitary

Question 2

Which hormone decreases urine production?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxytocin 
B)  Antidiuretic hormone 
C)  Luteinizing hormone 
D)  Prolactin 
A)  Oxytocin 
B)  Antidiuretic hormone 
C)  Luteinizing hormone 
D)  Prolactin

Question 3

Which gland extends from the hypothalamus by the infundibulum?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pineal 
B)  Thyroid 
C)  Thymus 
D)  Pituitary 
A)  Pineal 
B)  Thyroid 
C)  Thymus 
D)  Pituitary

Question 4

Which hormone stimulates uterine contractions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Estrogen 
B)  Prolactin 
C)  Oxytocin 
D)  Progesterone 
A)  Estrogen 
B)  Prolactin 
C)  Oxytocin 
D)  Progesterone

Question 5

Which glands secrete calcitonin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Testes 
B)  Ovaries 
C)  Adrenals 
D)  Parathyroids 
A)  Testes 
B)  Ovaries 
C)  Adrenals 
D)  Parathyroids

Question 6

Which region is also called the neurohypophysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adrenal cortex 
B)  Adrenal medulla 
C)  Anterior pituitary 
D)  Posterior pituitary 
A)  Adrenal cortex 
B)  Adrenal medulla 
C)  Anterior pituitary 
D)  Posterior pituitary

Question 7

Which region secretes luteinizing hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adrenal cortex 
B)  Adrenal medulla 
C)  Anterior pituitary 
D)  Posterior pituitary 
A)  Adrenal cortex 
B)  Adrenal medulla 
C)  Anterior pituitary 
D)  Posterior pituitary

Question 8

Which hormone maintains the body's circadian rhythm?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cortisol 
B)  Glucagon 
C)  Melatonin 
D)  Calcitonin 
A)  Cortisol 
B)  Glucagon 
C)  Melatonin 
D)  Calcitonin

Question 9

Which substances are also known as local hormones?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucocorticoids 
B)  Androgens 
C)  Estrogens 
D)  Prostaglandins 
A)  Glucocorticoids 
B)  Androgens 
C)  Estrogens 
D)  Prostaglandins

Question 10

Which hormone decreases blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

A)  Insulin 
B)  Prolactin 
C)  Glucagon 
D)  Aldosterone 
A)  Insulin 
B)  Prolactin 
C)  Glucagon 
D)  Aldosterone

Question 11

Which hormone has an anti-inflammatory effect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cortisol 
B)  Glucagon 
C)  Melatonin 
D)  Calcitonin 
A)  Cortisol 
B)  Glucagon 
C)  Melatonin 
D)  Calcitonin

Question 12

Which glands secrete estrogens and progesterone?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ovaries 
B)  Testes 
C)  Parathyroids 
D)  Adrenals 
A)  Ovaries 
B)  Testes 
C)  Parathyroids 
D)  Adrenals

Question 13

Which structure secretes hormones that stimulate or inhibit the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pineal 
B)  Thymus 
C)  Pancreas 
D)  Hypothalamus 
A)  Pineal 
B)  Thymus 
C)  Pancreas 
D)  Hypothalamus

Question 14

Which hormone is secreted by adipocytes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Leptin 
B)  Secretin 
C)  Renin 
D)  Ghrelin 
A)  Leptin 
B)  Secretin 
C)  Renin 
D)  Ghrelin

Question 15

Which gland secretes T3 (tri-iodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Testis 
B)  Thymus 
C)  Thyroid 
D)  Parathyroid 
A)  Testis 
B)  Thymus 
C)  Thyroid 
D)  Parathyroid

Question 16

Which condition is characterized by insulin resistance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diabetes mellitus type 1 
B)  Diabetes mellitus type 2 
C)  Lupus 
D)  Goiter 
A)  Diabetes mellitus type 1 
B)  Diabetes mellitus type 2 
C)  Lupus 
D)  Goiter

Question 17

Which hormone is responsible for the development of male secondary sex characteristics?

Accepted Answer

A)  Progesterone 
B)  Erythropoietin 
C)  Thymosin 
D)  Testosterone 
A)  Progesterone 
B)  Erythropoietin 
C)  Thymosin 
D)  Testosterone

Question 18

Which condition is characterized by damaged or destroyed pancreatic beta-cells, creating a lack of insulin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diabetes mellitus type 1 
B)  Diabetes mellitus type 2 
C)  Lupus 
D)  Goiter 
A)  Diabetes mellitus type 1 
B)  Diabetes mellitus type 2 
C)  Lupus 
D)  Goiter

Question 19

Which function does the endocrine system perform?

Accepted Answer

A)  Produces heat, maintains posture, and produces movement 
B)  Digests, adsorbs, and eliminates ingested substances 
C)  Combats hemorrhage and blood loss 
D)  Regulates reproductive processes and helps the body adapt during stress 
A)  Produces heat, maintains posture, and produces movement 
B)  Digests, adsorbs, and eliminates ingested substances 
C)  Combats hemorrhage and blood loss 
D)  Regulates reproductive processes and helps the body adapt during stress

Question 20

What do hormones do?

Accepted Answer

A)  Eliminate cellular waste products 
B)  Regulate physiologic activity of other cells 
C)  Help maintain the oxygen content of blood 
D)  Provide physical protection from the outside environment 
A)  Eliminate cellular waste products 
B)  Regulate physiologic activity of other cells 
C)  Help maintain the oxygen content of blood 
D)  Provide physical protection from the outside environment

Exam 24: Endocrine System and Pathologies

Which region is interconnected to the hypothalamus by the hypophyseal portal system?

Which hormone decreases urine production?

Which gland extends from the hypothalamus by the infundibulum?

Which hormone stimulates uterine contractions?

Which glands secrete calcitonin?

Which region is also called the neurohypophysis?

Which region secretes luteinizing hormone?

Which hormone maintains the body's circadian rhythm?

Which substances are also known as local hormones?

Which hormone decreases blood glucose levels?

Which hormone has an anti-inflammatory effect?

Which glands secrete estrogens and progesterone?

Which structure secretes hormones that stimulate or inhibit the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary?

Which hormone is secreted by adipocytes?

Which gland secretes T3 (tri-iodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine)?

Which condition is characterized by insulin resistance?

Which hormone is responsible for the development of male secondary sex characteristics?

Which condition is characterized by damaged or destroyed pancreatic beta-cells, creating a lack of insulin?

Which function does the endocrine system perform?

What do hormones do?

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Which gland secretes T₃ (tri-iodothyronine) and T₄ (thyroxine)?