Exam 11: One-Way Analysis of Variance Anova

The likelihood of familywise error increases as fewer comparisons are made within a set of data.

The degrees of freedom ______ provides an indication of ______.

Fred conducts a one-way ANOVA comparing three groups, each of which consists of 18 participants (N = 18). In evaluating the F-ratio for this analysis, what is the critical value for α = .05?

A researcher hypothesizes people who don't smoke will be more in favor of laws banning smoking in public places than either people who smoke cigarettes or people who smoke cigars (the two groups of smokers do not differ in their beliefs). In conducting a one-way ANOVA with these three groups, how should the alternative hypothesis (H₁) be stated?

Which type of analytical comparisons is not built into the research design prior to data collection?

A researcher hypothesizes that people living in the Midwest are more opposed to same-sex marriage than people living on either the West or East Coast (who do not differ from each other). In conducting a one-way ANOVA with this data, how should the alternative hypothesis (H₁) be stated?

A study compares the attitudes of 9 Seniors, 9 Juniors, 9 Sophomores, and 9 First-year students and obtains a value of 2.98 for the F-ratio. Which of the following is the correct way to present this analysis?

Analytical comparisons are calculated ______.

What is an effective way of learning a complicated game such as chess? One recent study (de Bruin et al., 2007) had people learn using one of three methods: watching people play the game (the Watching condition), watching and making predictions regarding what moves each player would do (the Predicting condition), or watching and making predictions regarding what moves each player would do and explaining the reason for their prediction (the Explaining condition). Later, each person played a series of games of chess against a computer and the percentage of time each person made correct moves was recorded; the higher the percentage, the better the player's ability to play chess. The researchers hypothesized that players who had to explain their predictions would have a higher ability than people who simply made predictions, who in turn would have a higher ability than those who simply watched others. You decide to conduct the analytical comparison of Watching vs. Predicting. Based on your calculations, which of the following represents the decision regarding the null hypothesis and the conclusion regarding whether the result of the analysis supports the research hypothesis?

A researcher hypothesizes that people, on average, spend more money a week on gasoline than on food or clothing. She conducts a one-way ANOVA involving Gasoline (M = $51.40), Food (M = $24.57) and Clothing (M = $18.29). If she makes the decision to reject the null hypothesis, what is the MOST specific conclusion she can draw?

The main purpose of conducting analytical comparisons is to ______.

The ______ of the F-ratio concerns ______ and may also be thought of as ______.

I calculate an F-ratio of 3.11. If this F ratio is ______ the critical value, I will ______ the null hypothesis because the probability of this F-ratio is ______ .05.

A researcher hypothesizes that voters who identify themselves as being part of the 'Tea Party' are more likely to believe people have the right to wear guns in public places than will voters who consider themselves to be either 'Conservative' or 'Moderate' (whose beliefs do not differ from each other). In conducting a one-way ANOVA with this data, how could the null hypothesis (H₀) be stated?

If a researcher wanted to compare all simple and complex comparisons they would use a ______.

A study reports the F-ratio F(4,15) = 1.16. This means that the study consisted of ______ groups with ______ participants in each group.

A study compares the attitudes of 6 Democrats, 6 Republicans, and 6 Independents and obtains a value of 3.80 for the F-ratio. Which of the following is the correct way to present this analysis?

Fred conducts a one-way ANOVA comparing six groups, each of which consists of 5 participants (N = 5). In evaluating the F-ratio for this analysis, what is the critical value for α = .05?

Barry calculates an F-ratio involving the SAT scores of three groups and does NOT reject the null hypothesis. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate conclusion he could draw?

A researcher hypothesizes that people living in the Midwest are more in favor of tougher immigration laws than people who live on either the East or West Coast. In conducting a one-way ANOVA with this data, how can the null hypothesis (H₀) be stated?