Question 1

Provide three types of evidence (from different subdisciplines in biology)that scientists commonly use to provide support for the theory of evolution.

Accepted Answer

Fossils, comparative anatomy,

Question 2

The wings of insects and bats are ________ structures.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The wings of insects and bats are...

Question 3

Mammalian appendages with similar bone structures can be used for flying, swimming, running, or grasping. These are examples of ________ structures.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mammalian appendages with similar bone structures can...

Question 4

Evidence that supports the theory of evolution is found in the studies of:

Accepted Answer

A) embryos. 
B) biochemistry. 
C) fossils. 
D) artificial selection. 
E) embryos, biochemistry, fossils, and artificial selection. 
A) embryos. 
B) biochemistry. 
C) fossils. 
D) artificial selection. 
E) embryos, biochemistry, fossils, and artificial selection.

Question 5

Natural selection can act on a certain trait only if the trait is:

Accepted Answer

A) heritable. 
B) behavioral. 
C) favorable. 
D) morphological. 
E) new. 
A) heritable. 
B) behavioral. 
C) favorable. 
D) morphological. 
E) new.

Question 6

A farmer produces a variety of apple with deep pink flesh by selectively crossbreeding apples with pinkish hues. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) convergent evolution. 
B) natural selection. 
C) artificial mutation. 
D) artificial selection. 
E) inheritance of acquired characteristics. 
A) convergent evolution. 
B) natural selection. 
C) artificial mutation. 
D) artificial selection. 
E) inheritance of acquired characteristics.

Question 7

Boa constrictors have tiny pelvic girdles and leg bones inside their bodies. Because these structures are nonfunctional "evolutionary baggage," they are called:

Accepted Answer

A) convergent. 
B) analogous. 
C) maladaptive. 
D) homologous. 
E) vestigial. 
A) convergent. 
B) analogous. 
C) maladaptive. 
D) homologous. 
E) vestigial.

Question 8

Which of these statements BEST illustrates the theory of catastrophism?

Accepted Answer

A) Species become extinct due to natural disasters, such as floods and volcanic eruptions. 
B) Only plant species have become extinct. 
C) Only extinct species appear in the fossil record. 
D) There are no humans in early fossil records because they had not been created yet. 
E) The fossil record is incomplete. 
A) Species become extinct due to natural disasters, such as floods and volcanic eruptions. 
B) Only plant species have become extinct. 
C) Only extinct species appear in the fossil record. 
D) There are no humans in early fossil records because they had not been created yet. 
E) The fossil record is incomplete.

Question 9

Pelvic bones in snakes and whales are ________ structures.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Pelvic bones in snakes and whales are...

Question 10

The publication date of On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection was:

Accepted Answer

A) 1809. 
B) 1830. 
C) 1859. 
D) 1869. 
E) 1900. 
A) 1809. 
B) 1830. 
C) 1859. 
D) 1869. 
E) 1900.

Question 11

Dolphins (which are mammals)and sharks (which are fish)have stiff dorsal fins projecting from their backs that help them maneuver through water. These structures are BEST described as:

Accepted Answer

A) analogous structures. 
B) homologous structures. 
C) vestigial structures. 
D) mutations. 
A) analogous structures. 
B) homologous structures. 
C) vestigial structures. 
D) mutations.

Question 12

The amino acid sequences of human and bonobo hemoglobin are almost identical, yet they differ considerably from the sequence of the hemoglobin of wolves. This fact indicates that:

Accepted Answer

A) humans are more closely related to wolves. 
B) wolves and bonobos are closely related. 
C) bonobos are more closely related to humans than to wolves. 
A) humans are more closely related to wolves. 
B) wolves and bonobos are closely related. 
C) bonobos are more closely related to humans than to wolves.

Question 13

Fossils include rocks and sediments that:

Accepted Answer

A) have been shaped by wind and water to resemble lifelike forms. 
B) have been shaped by people to resemble plants or animals. 
C) bear the impressions or shapes of preserved organisms. 
D) all of the above. 
A) have been shaped by wind and water to resemble lifelike forms. 
B) have been shaped by people to resemble plants or animals. 
C) bear the impressions or shapes of preserved organisms. 
D) all of the above.

Question 14

Which of the following situations has occurred in insect pests in Florida due to natural selection?

Accepted Answer

A) Cockroaches now avoid the poison bait that used to be very effective at killing them. 
B) The poisoned bait caused a mutation that makes the roaches more sensitive to it. 
C) Cockroaches eat only bait. 
D) Roaches that ate the poison bait became addicted to it. 
A) Cockroaches now avoid the poison bait that used to be very effective at killing them. 
B) The poisoned bait caused a mutation that makes the roaches more sensitive to it. 
C) Cockroaches eat only bait. 
D) Roaches that ate the poison bait became addicted to it.

Question 15

A storm blows the four species of finches shown in the figure to a new island that has only small-seeded grasses. Which species is more likely to survive?

Accepted Answer

A) species a 
B) species b 
C) species c 
D) species d 
A) species a 
B) species b 
C) species c 
D) species d

Question 16

Through artificial selection it is possible to select for characteristics that may not be advantageous to the organism in a natural environment. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Fish in a local lake have a mixture of brown and green scales and are found throughout the lake. Over a five-year period, the lake develops more plant growth and an exotic predatory frog is introduced. What change would you expect to see in the original fish population?

Accepted Answer

A) The fish with green scales will become more common. 
B) Brown-scaled fish will become more common. 
C) Fish that prefer the unvegetated areas of the lake will become more common. 
D) The fish will develop to resemble the introduced frog. 
E) No visible changes will occur in the fish population. 
A) The fish with green scales will become more common. 
B) Brown-scaled fish will become more common. 
C) Fish that prefer the unvegetated areas of the lake will become more common. 
D) The fish will develop to resemble the introduced frog. 
E) No visible changes will occur in the fish population.

Question 18

Humans still have body hair even though it is greatly reduced and serves little function. The hair is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) analogous structure. 
B) homologous structure. 
C) vestigial structure. 
D) adaptation. 
E) mutation. 
A) analogous structure. 
B) homologous structure. 
C) vestigial structure. 
D) adaptation. 
E) mutation.

Question 19

All organisms use RNA and ribosomes for protein synthesis. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Inheritable mutations in the genes of an individual arise due to:

Accepted Answer

A) random chance. 
B) environmental change. 
C) vigorous exercise or effort. 
D) other species in the environment. 
E) artificial selection. 
A) random chance. 
B) environmental change. 
C) vigorous exercise or effort. 
D) other species in the environment. 
E) artificial selection.

Exam 14: Principles of Evolution

Provide three types of evidence (from different subdisciplines in biology)that scientists commonly use to provide support for the theory of evolution.

The wings of insects and bats are ________ structures.

Mammalian appendages with similar bone structures can be used for flying, swimming, running, or grasping. These are examples of ________ structures.

Evidence that supports the theory of evolution is found in the studies of:

Natural selection can act on a certain trait only if the trait is:

A farmer produces a variety of apple with deep pink flesh by selectively crossbreeding apples with pinkish hues. This is an example of:

Boa constrictors have tiny pelvic girdles and leg bones inside their bodies. Because these structures are nonfunctional "evolutionary baggage," they are called:

Which of these statements BEST illustrates the theory of catastrophism?

Pelvic bones in snakes and whales are ________ structures.

The publication date of On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection was:

Dolphins (which are mammals)and sharks (which are fish)have stiff dorsal fins projecting from their backs that help them maneuver through water. These structures are BEST described as:

The amino acid sequences of human and bonobo hemoglobin are almost identical, yet they differ considerably from the sequence of the hemoglobin of wolves. This fact indicates that:

Fossils include rocks and sediments that:

Which of the following situations has occurred in insect pests in Florida due to natural selection?

A storm blows the four species of finches shown in the figure to a new island that has only small-seeded grasses. Which species is more likely to survive?

Through artificial selection it is possible to select for characteristics that may not be advantageous to the organism in a natural environment. True or False?

Fish in a local lake have a mixture of brown and green scales and are found throughout the lake. Over a five-year period, the lake develops more plant growth and an exotic predatory frog is introduced. What change would you expect to see in the original fish population?

Humans still have body hair even though it is greatly reduced and serves little function. The hair is a(n):

All organisms use RNA and ribosomes for protein synthesis. True or False?

Inheritable mutations in the genes of an individual arise due to:

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amidst Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

How Do Ecosystems Work

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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