Question 1

Which of the following statements about newly emerging or reemerging diseases is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They may be caused by changing lifestyles. 
B)  Examples include Lyme disease and toxic shock syndrome. 
C)  They may result from a breakdown in sanitation and social order. 
D)  They are all caused by drug-resistant pathogens. 
E)  They may result when microbes evolve and develop new characteristics. 
A)  They may be caused by changing lifestyles. 
B)  Examples include Lyme disease and toxic shock syndrome. 
C)  They may result from a breakdown in sanitation and social order. 
D)  They are all caused by drug-resistant pathogens. 
E)  They may result when microbes evolve and develop new characteristics. D

Question 2

Bacteria are good research models because they

Accepted Answer

A)  vary in size from microscopic to macroscopic. 
B)  share many biochemical and physiological properties with more complex organisms. 
C)  can be assembled into complex multicellular organisms. 
D)  have complicated growth requirements. 
E)  develop the same diseases as humans and animals. 
A)  vary in size from microscopic to macroscopic. 
B)  share many biochemical and physiological properties with more complex organisms. 
C)  can be assembled into complex multicellular organisms. 
D)  have complicated growth requirements. 
E)  develop the same diseases as humans and animals. B

Question 3

The idea of spontaneous generation postulated that

Accepted Answer

A)  organisms could evolve into the next generation of organisms. 
B)  organisms could spontaneously turn into other types of organisms. 
C)  living organisms could spontaneously arise from non-living material. 
D)  living organisms could spontaneously arise from other living organisms. 
E)  living organisms must contain at least ten cells. 
A)  organisms could evolve into the next generation of organisms. 
B)  organisms could spontaneously turn into other types of organisms. 
C)  living organisms could spontaneously arise from non-living material. 
D)  living organisms could spontaneously arise from other living organisms. 
E)  living organisms must contain at least ten cells. C

Question 4

You are examining a pea plant that is showing signs of disease-brown leaves and no pea pods. You isolate an agent from the plant that only contains RNA and protein. This is a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  viroid 
B)  virus 
C)  bacterium 
D)  fungus 
E)  protozoan 
A)  viroid 
B)  virus 
C)  bacterium 
D)  fungus 
E)  protozoan

Question 5

Although it is said that the twentieth century was the Age of Physics, it is predicted that the twenty-first century will be the age of

Accepted Answer

A)  chemistry. 
B)  computers. 
C)  microbial biodiversity. 
D)  mathematics. 
E)  psychology. 
A)  chemistry. 
B)  computers. 
C)  microbial biodiversity. 
D)  mathematics. 
E)  psychology.

Question 6

Janus asks you if there is something he can use to kill any bacteria in his wound without affecting any of his own body cells. You tell him that some antibiotics kill bacteria by targeting ________, a compound unique to bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A)  protein 
B)  nuclear membrane 
C)  flagella 
D)  peptidoglycan 
E)  chitin 
A)  protein 
B)  nuclear membrane 
C)  flagella 
D)  peptidoglycan 
E)  chitin

Question 7

Prions

Accepted Answer

A)  are only composed of RNA. 
B)  are only composed of DNA. 
C)  are only composed of protein. 
D)  cause diseases in plants. 
E)  are only composed of RNA and DNA. 
A)  are only composed of RNA. 
B)  are only composed of DNA. 
C)  are only composed of protein. 
D)  cause diseases in plants. 
E)  are only composed of RNA and DNA.

Question 8

Viroids are naked (lacking a protein shell) pieces of RNA that infect plants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The word "animalcule" was first used by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Pasteur 
B)  Redi 
C)  van Leeuwenhoek 
D)  Tyndall 
E)  Hooke 
A)  Pasteur 
B)  Redi 
C)  van Leeuwenhoek 
D)  Tyndall 
E)  Hooke

Question 10

Identify the control step in the scenario described.

Accepted Answer

A)  Inoculating the test microbe into nutrient medium containing lead. 
B)  Isolating the microbe from a contaminated water source. 
C)  Inoculating the test microbe into nutrient medium lacking lead. 
D)  Inoculating the test microbe into medium containing lower levels of lead than used initially. 
E)  Inoculating the test microbe into contaminated water containing high levels of lead. 
A)  Inoculating the test microbe into nutrient medium containing lead. 
B)  Isolating the microbe from a contaminated water source. 
C)  Inoculating the test microbe into nutrient medium lacking lead. 
D)  Inoculating the test microbe into medium containing lower levels of lead than used initially. 
E)  Inoculating the test microbe into contaminated water containing high levels of lead.

Question 11

HIV/AIDS can be categorized as a new or emerging infectious disease. By putting it into this category, we are effectively saying that

Accepted Answer

A)  this infection hasn't been observed in the human population prior to recent (within the last 50 years) outbreaks. 
B)  this disease has been in susceptible populations for centuries, but has only recently achieved infection levels that became detectable. 
C)  the infectious agent is still evolving and changing, unlike with older, more established diseases such as plague or polio. 
D)  the disease has always been in susceptible populations and causing disease, but we lacked the technology to detect it. 
E)  this infection hasn't been observed in the human population prior to recent (within the last 5 years) outbreaks. 
A)  this infection hasn't been observed in the human population prior to recent (within the last 50 years) outbreaks. 
B)  this disease has been in susceptible populations for centuries, but has only recently achieved infection levels that became detectable. 
C)  the infectious agent is still evolving and changing, unlike with older, more established diseases such as plague or polio. 
D)  the disease has always been in susceptible populations and causing disease, but we lacked the technology to detect it. 
E)  this infection hasn't been observed in the human population prior to recent (within the last 5 years) outbreaks.

Question 12

Janus' knee infection should be considered an emerging infectious disease, and you should report it to the Centers of disease Control (CDC).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Outside a cell, viruses are

Accepted Answer

A)  running a small number of biochemical reactions. 
B)  synthesizing proteins necessary for entry into the host. 
C)  inert, and not capable of replication. 
D)  constructing a cell membrane known as an envelope. 
E)  capable of some replication. 
A)  running a small number of biochemical reactions. 
B)  synthesizing proteins necessary for entry into the host. 
C)  inert, and not capable of replication. 
D)  constructing a cell membrane known as an envelope. 
E)  capable of some replication.

Question 14

Smallpox

Accepted Answer

A)  has occurred in a few countries since 1977. 
B)  has little potential as a weapon of bioterrorism. 
C)  has not occurred anywhere in the word since 1977. 
D)  very seldom kills people, but does scar them. 
E)  is an emerging infectious disease. 
A)  has occurred in a few countries since 1977. 
B)  has little potential as a weapon of bioterrorism. 
C)  has not occurred anywhere in the word since 1977. 
D)  very seldom kills people, but does scar them. 
E)  is an emerging infectious disease.

Question 15

Bacteria are useful to study because

Accepted Answer

A)  they produce protein in a simpler manner than more complex organisms. 
B)  they have the same fundamental metabolic and genetic properties as higher organisms. 
C)  they produce energy in a simpler manner than more complex organisms. 
D)  they are resistant to all known antibiotics. 
E)  they produce peptidoglycan in a simpler manner than more complex organisms. 
A)  they produce protein in a simpler manner than more complex organisms. 
B)  they have the same fundamental metabolic and genetic properties as higher organisms. 
C)  they produce energy in a simpler manner than more complex organisms. 
D)  they are resistant to all known antibiotics. 
E)  they produce peptidoglycan in a simpler manner than more complex organisms.

Question 16

Both viruses and viroids are

Accepted Answer

A)  capable of independent reproduction. 
B)  obligate intracellular parasites. 
C)  members of the domain Bacteria. 
D)  larger than most bacteria in size. 
E)  agents that cause disease in animals. 
A)  capable of independent reproduction. 
B)  obligate intracellular parasites. 
C)  members of the domain Bacteria. 
D)  larger than most bacteria in size. 
E)  agents that cause disease in animals.

Question 17

Ulcers, previously thought to be caused by stress, are in fact often caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  a bacterial infection. 
B)  an insufficient diet. 
C)  a genetic mutation. 
D)  pathogenic normal microbiota. 
E)  a viral infection. 
A)  a bacterial infection. 
B)  an insufficient diet. 
C)  a genetic mutation. 
D)  pathogenic normal microbiota. 
E)  a viral infection.

Question 18

Which of the following about the Golden Age of Medical Microbiology is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  It started with the development of the first microscopes. 
B)  It occurred during the late 1800s to the early 1900s. 
C)  It is a time when the knowledge of bacteria and work with them expanded. 
D)  It was during this time that people realized that diseases could be caused by invisible agents. 
E)  It was a time when several major advances were made in microbiology. 
A)  It started with the development of the first microscopes. 
B)  It occurred during the late 1800s to the early 1900s. 
C)  It is a time when the knowledge of bacteria and work with them expanded. 
D)  It was during this time that people realized that diseases could be caused by invisible agents. 
E)  It was a time when several major advances were made in microbiology.

Question 19

Bacteria have been used to help produce or modify all of the following food products EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  cheeses. 
B)  beer and wine. 
C)  pickled products. 
D)  bread. 
E)  peanuts. 
A)  cheeses. 
B)  beer and wine. 
C)  pickled products. 
D)  bread. 
E)  peanuts.

Question 20

The scientific name of an organism indicates its domain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 1: Humans and the Microbial World

Which of the following statements about newly emerging or reemerging diseases is FALSE?

Bacteria are good research models because they

The idea of spontaneous generation postulated that

You are examining a pea plant that is showing signs of disease-brown leaves and no pea pods. You isolate an agent from the plant that only contains RNA and protein. This is a(n) ________.

Although it is said that the twentieth century was the Age of Physics, it is predicted that the twenty-first century will be the age of

Janus asks you if there is something he can use to kill any bacteria in his wound without affecting any of his own body cells. You tell him that some antibiotics kill bacteria by targeting ________, a compound unique to bacteria.

Prions

Viroids are naked (lacking a protein shell) pieces of RNA that infect plants.

The word "animalcule" was first used by ________.

Identify the control step in the scenario described.

HIV/AIDS can be categorized as a new or emerging infectious disease. By putting it into this category, we are effectively saying that

Janus' knee infection should be considered an emerging infectious disease, and you should report it to the Centers of disease Control (CDC).

Outside a cell, viruses are

Smallpox

Bacteria are useful to study because

Both viruses and viroids are

Ulcers, previously thought to be caused by stress, are in fact often caused by

Which of the following about the Golden Age of Medical Microbiology is FALSE?

Bacteria have been used to help produce or modify all of the following food products EXCEPT

The scientific name of an organism indicates its domain.

The Molecules of Life

Microscopy and Cell Structure

Dynamics of Microbial Growth

Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Metabolism: Fueling Cell Growth

The Blueprint of Life, From Dna to Protein

Bacterial Genetics

Biotechnology

Identifying and Classifying Microorganisms

The Diversity of Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotic Members of the Microbial World

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

The Innate Immune Response

The Adaptive Immune Response

Host-Microbe Interactions

Immunological Disorders

Applications of Immune Responses

Epidemiology

Antimicrobial Medications

Respiratory System Infections

Skin Infections

Wound Infections

Digestive System Infections

Blood and Lymphatic Infections

Nervous System Infections

Genitourinary Tract Infections

Microbial Ecology

Environmental Microbiology: Treatment of Water, Wastes, and Polluted Habitats

Food Microbiology

Filters