Question 1

Please select the FALSE statement regarding sheathed bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A)  The sheath protects the bacteria from predators. 
B)  The sheath allows these bacteria to perform photosynthesis. 
C)  Sheathed bacteria frequently block industrial pipes. 
D)  Sheathed bacteria spread by means of swarmer cells. 
E)  The sheath allows these bacteria to attach to surfaces. 
A)  The sheath protects the bacteria from predators. 
B)  The sheath allows these bacteria to perform photosynthesis. 
C)  Sheathed bacteria frequently block industrial pipes. 
D)  Sheathed bacteria spread by means of swarmer cells. 
E)  The sheath allows these bacteria to attach to surfaces. B

Question 2

What distinguishes Staphylococcus, species from Streptococcus, Enterococcus and Lactococcus species?

Accepted Answer

A)  Their morphology. 
B)  The nature of their cell walls. 
C)  The production of catalase. 
D)  Their ability to cause disease. 
E)  All of these. 
A)  Their morphology. 
B)  The nature of their cell walls. 
C)  The production of catalase. 
D)  Their ability to cause disease. 
E)  All of these. C

Question 3

Members of the Archaea typically thrive in conditions of excessive

Accepted Answer

A)  heat. 
B)  acidity. 
C)  alkalinity. 
D)  salinity. 
E)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  heat. 
B)  acidity. 
C)  alkalinity. 
D)  salinity. 
E)  All of the choices are correct. E

Question 4

The blood in your patient's stool suggests an ulcer. The endoscopy confirms this. You discuss with the patient how H. pylori can cause ulcers. After H. pylori enters your body, it can cause damage to cells in the lining of the stomach, some of which usually produce a protective mucus layer. Once the bacteria have done enough damage, the mucus layer thins and stomach acid can get through the lining, leading to ulcers. You prescribe an antacid medication

Accepted Answer

A)  to kill the H. pylori which can only live in acidic conditions. 
B)  to reduce the acidity of the stomach, thereby allowing the lining to heal. 
C)  to prevent the H. pylori from making CO2 which is causing the patient's burping. 
D)  to stimulate the patient's stomach E. coli population so it out-competes the pathogen. 
E)  All of the answer choices are correct. 
A)  to kill the H. pylori which can only live in acidic conditions. 
B)  to reduce the acidity of the stomach, thereby allowing the lining to heal. 
C)  to prevent the H. pylori from making CO2 which is causing the patient's burping. 
D)  to stimulate the patient's stomach E. coli population so it out-competes the pathogen. 
E)  All of the answer choices are correct.

Question 5

A particular characteristic of disease-causing Streptococcus is

Accepted Answer

A)  catalase production. 
B)  beta-hemolysis. 
C)  lactic acid production. 
D)  growth at refrigerator temperatures. 
E)  endospore formation. 
A)  catalase production. 
B)  beta-hemolysis. 
C)  lactic acid production. 
D)  growth at refrigerator temperatures. 
E)  endospore formation.

Question 6

Swarmer cells are

Accepted Answer

A)  formed by Myxobacteria. 
B)  formed by sheathed bacteria. 
C)  also known as coliforms. 
D)  part of the green non-sulfur bacteria. 
E)  used in sewage treatment. 
A)  formed by Myxobacteria. 
B)  formed by sheathed bacteria. 
C)  also known as coliforms. 
D)  part of the green non-sulfur bacteria. 
E)  used in sewage treatment.

Question 7

Which of the following is/are obligate intracellular parasites?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chlamydia and Rickettsia 
B)  E. coli and Pseudomonas 
C)  Mycoplasma and E. coli 
D)  Treponema and Chlamydia 
E)  Rickettsia, Chlamydia and Pseudomonas 
A)  Chlamydia and Rickettsia 
B)  E. coli and Pseudomonas 
C)  Mycoplasma and E. coli 
D)  Treponema and Chlamydia 
E)  Rickettsia, Chlamydia and Pseudomonas

Question 8

Organisms that typically produce colonies with a fried egg appearance are the

Accepted Answer

A)  Mycobacteria. 
B)  Mycoplasmas. 
C)  Actinomyces. 
D)  Chlamydia. 
E)  Escherichia. 
A)  Mycobacteria. 
B)  Mycoplasmas. 
C)  Actinomyces. 
D)  Chlamydia. 
E)  Escherichia.

Question 9

The lactobacilli, in their role as normal microbiota of the vagina, help the vagina resist infection by contributing to

Accepted Answer

A)  the neutrality of the vaginal mucus. 
B)  food for the resident vaginal microbiota. 
C)  acidity of the vagina. 
D)  fertility of the host. 
E)  a high vaginal pH. 
A)  the neutrality of the vaginal mucus. 
B)  food for the resident vaginal microbiota. 
C)  acidity of the vagina. 
D)  fertility of the host. 
E)  a high vaginal pH.

Question 10

Comparatively greater energy is released when

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon dioxide is the final electron acceptor. 
B)  hydrogen is the final electron acceptor. 
C)  oxygen is the final electron acceptor. 
D)  nitrate is the final electron acceptor. 
E)  fermentation occurs. 
A)  carbon dioxide is the final electron acceptor. 
B)  hydrogen is the final electron acceptor. 
C)  oxygen is the final electron acceptor. 
D)  nitrate is the final electron acceptor. 
E)  fermentation occurs.

Question 11

Helicobacter pylori

Accepted Answer

A)  inhabits squid ink sacs. 
B)  causes crown gall in plants. 
C)  inhabits the stomach. 
D)  has axonemes. 
E)  produces luminescence. 
A)  inhabits squid ink sacs. 
B)  causes crown gall in plants. 
C)  inhabits the stomach. 
D)  has axonemes. 
E)  produces luminescence.

Question 12

Hydrogen sulfide

Accepted Answer

A)  is produced when nitrate is used as terminal electron acceptor. 
B)  is produced by Desulfovibrio. 
C)  may react with iron to produce a deep red precipitate. 
D)  has a strong citrus smell. 
E)  All of the answer choices are correct. 
A)  is produced when nitrate is used as terminal electron acceptor. 
B)  is produced by Desulfovibrio. 
C)  may react with iron to produce a deep red precipitate. 
D)  has a strong citrus smell. 
E)  All of the answer choices are correct.

Question 13

The most medically relevant species of Pseudomonas is P. aeruginosa.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Purple sulfur bacteria and filamentous sulfur-oxidizers both

Accepted Answer

A)  accumulate sulfur as intracellular granules. 
B)  fix nitrogen. 
C)  produce oxygen from carbon dioxide. 
D)  use gliding motility. 
E)  have gas vesicles. 
A)  accumulate sulfur as intracellular granules. 
B)  fix nitrogen. 
C)  produce oxygen from carbon dioxide. 
D)  use gliding motility. 
E)  have gas vesicles.

Question 15

Your patient asks you to explain how the urea breath test works. You tell her that in the test, she had been asked to swallow urea containing an unusual form of carbon-non-radioactive 13C (an isotope). After 10-30 minutes, she was asked to breathe into a receptacle, and her breath had been analyzed for the presence of this form of carbon in the carbon dioxide that she exhaled. You explain that the CO2 she exhaled contained 13C, so

Accepted Answer

A)  her test indicates the presence of H. pylori-the organism produces ammoniase that breaks down the 13C-containing urea that the patient swallowed into urea and CO2 containing 13C which could be measured. 
B)  her test indicates the presence of H. pylori-the organism contains 13C in its cell wall, and in the presence of stomach acid, the cell wall is broken down to release CO2 containing 13C which could be measured. 
C)  her test indicates the presence of H. pylori-the organism produces urease that breaks down the 13C-containing urea that the patient swallowed into ammonia and CO2 containing 13C which could be measured. 
D)  her test indicates that her stomach cells used the 13C-containing urea in cellular respiration, producing glucose and releasing CO2 containing 13C as a byproduct. 
E)  nobody really understands how the urea breath test works, but that it is well known that anybody who drinks urea containing 13C and exhales CO2 containing this element afterwards needs treatment for an ulcer. 
A)  her test indicates the presence of H. pylori-the organism produces ammoniase that breaks down the 13C-containing urea that the patient swallowed into urea and CO2 containing 13C which could be measured. 
B)  her test indicates the presence of H. pylori-the organism contains 13C in its cell wall, and in the presence of stomach acid, the cell wall is broken down to release CO2 containing 13C which could be measured. 
C)  her test indicates the presence of H. pylori-the organism produces urease that breaks down the 13C-containing urea that the patient swallowed into ammonia and CO2 containing 13C which could be measured. 
D)  her test indicates that her stomach cells used the 13C-containing urea in cellular respiration, producing glucose and releasing CO2 containing 13C as a byproduct. 
E)  nobody really understands how the urea breath test works, but that it is well known that anybody who drinks urea containing 13C and exhales CO2 containing this element afterwards needs treatment for an ulcer.

Question 16

Complex structures called fruiting bodies are a characteristic of

Accepted Answer

A)  Clostridia. 
B)  Streptomyces. 
C)  lactic acid bacteria. 
D)  myxobacteria. 
E)  bacilli. 
A)  Clostridia. 
B)  Streptomyces. 
C)  lactic acid bacteria. 
D)  myxobacteria. 
E)  bacilli.

Question 17

Pseudomonas species

Accepted Answer

A)  are resistant to many disinfectants and antimicrobials AND do not contain plasmids. 
B)  are mostly harmless except for the opportunistic P. aeruginosa AND do not contain plasmids. 
C)  require nutrient-rich environments AND are mostly harmless except for the opportunistic P. aeruginosa. 
D)  require nutrient-rich environments AND do not contain plasmids. 
E)  are resistant to many disinfectants and antimicrobials AND are mostly harmless except for the opportunistic P. aeruginosa. 
A)  are resistant to many disinfectants and antimicrobials AND do not contain plasmids. 
B)  are mostly harmless except for the opportunistic P. aeruginosa AND do not contain plasmids. 
C)  require nutrient-rich environments AND are mostly harmless except for the opportunistic P. aeruginosa. 
D)  require nutrient-rich environments AND do not contain plasmids. 
E)  are resistant to many disinfectants and antimicrobials AND are mostly harmless except for the opportunistic P. aeruginosa.

Question 18

Coliforms

Accepted Answer

A)  are an informal grouping of enterics. 
B)  ferment lactose. 
C)  include E. coli. 
D)  are used as indicators of fecal contamination. 
E)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  are an informal grouping of enterics. 
B)  ferment lactose. 
C)  include E. coli. 
D)  are used as indicators of fecal contamination. 
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 19

Rhizobium is considered an endosymbiont with plants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The Gram-positive rod that is also acid-fast and is a human pathogen is

Accepted Answer

A)  Corynebacterium diphtheria. 
B)  Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 
C)  Streptococcus pyogenes. 
D)  Listeria monocytogenes. 
E)  Mycoplasma pneumoniae. 
A)  Corynebacterium diphtheria. 
B)  Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 
C)  Streptococcus pyogenes. 
D)  Listeria monocytogenes. 
E)  Mycoplasma pneumoniae.

Exam 11: The Diversity of Bacteria and Archaea

Please select the FALSE statement regarding sheathed bacteria.

What distinguishes Staphylococcus, species from Streptococcus, Enterococcus and Lactococcus species?

Members of the Archaea typically thrive in conditions of excessive

A particular characteristic of disease-causing Streptococcus is

Swarmer cells are

Which of the following is/are obligate intracellular parasites?

Organisms that typically produce colonies with a fried egg appearance are the

The lactobacilli, in their role as normal microbiota of the vagina, help the vagina resist infection by contributing to

Comparatively greater energy is released when

Helicobacter pylori

Hydrogen sulfide

The most medically relevant species of Pseudomonas is P. aeruginosa.

Purple sulfur bacteria and filamentous sulfur-oxidizers both

Complex structures called fruiting bodies are a characteristic of

Pseudomonas species

Coliforms

Rhizobium is considered an endosymbiont with plants.

The Gram-positive rod that is also acid-fast and is a human pathogen is

Humans and the Microbial World

The Molecules of Life

Microscopy and Cell Structure

Dynamics of Microbial Growth

Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Metabolism: Fueling Cell Growth

The Blueprint of Life, From Dna to Protein

Bacterial Genetics

Biotechnology

Identifying and Classifying Microorganisms

The Eukaryotic Members of the Microbial World

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

The Innate Immune Response

The Adaptive Immune Response

Host-Microbe Interactions

Immunological Disorders

Applications of Immune Responses

Epidemiology

Antimicrobial Medications

Respiratory System Infections

Skin Infections

Wound Infections

Digestive System Infections

Blood and Lymphatic Infections

Nervous System Infections

Genitourinary Tract Infections

Microbial Ecology

Environmental Microbiology: Treatment of Water, Wastes, and Polluted Habitats

Food Microbiology

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