Exam 6: Realms of Cognition in Middle Childhood

Our knowledge of an event in our own lives,such as a family vacation,is a type of

Jenna,a 10-year-old,has a mental structure,or schema,about what typically happens when you go out to eat in a restaurant.Her schema indicates that a host or hostess first leads you to a table,then a waiter or waitress comes to take your order,and so on.This kind of mental structure is called

Eight-year-old Marquita has spent a great deal of time learning basic addition facts.When she solves a complex addition problem in school,she pulls these facts out of memory.Marquita is using a ____________ strategy to help her solve addition problems.

Which of the following is true about strategies children use to help them solve math problems?

If children learn and practice a memory strategy to boost memory but then forget to use it when it would be beneficial,what inconsistency are they exhibiting?

Elementary school teachers often ask students to engage in self-testing and other self-monitoring activities that help them think about their own thinking.Such activities are designed to promote which type of cognitive skills that improve memory?

What cognitive ability do children develop in middle childhood that empowers or enables them to answer conservation questions correctly (like those posed by Piaget)and to think reversibly?

Which of the following is a difference between working memory and long-term memory?

Wayne is taking a digit span test.When he hears this series of digits,3 9 4 2 6 1 2,he realizes the digits match the ages of people in his family;his mother is 39,his father is 42,his little sister is 6,and he is 12.He decides to remember the series of four ages rather than try to recall each digit separately.Wayne is using a strategy called

Imagine that you are counseling a 6^th grader on how to improve her study skills so that she will remember more information on tests.Not only do you teach her some memory strategies,you also encourage her to engage in self-testing so that she will begin self- monitoring,that is,keeping track of how well she is remembering new material.What kind of skill is this type of self-monitoring?

Piaget's description of the differences between preoperational thought and concrete operational thought includes which of the following?

NeoPiagetians are described as which of the following?

Five-year-old Brennan was questioned by police about a babysitter (Ginger)who was suspected of abusing Brennan's older sister.To encourage Brennan to reveal what he knew about Ginger,a police interviewer referred to the babysitter as a "nasty lady who does some strange things." These interviewer remarks are an example of

What type of memory has the same unchanging capacity at different ages of development?

What allows us to hold information in working memory and use it for periods of time longer than 15 to 30 seconds?

Stanley is 7 years old.His parents are quite concerned about his school progress.Although he has begun to learn to read,he reverses some letters when he writes.Based on research,Stanley's school counselor should tell his parents that

Children's repeated interactions with others enhance their ability to decenter and to interpret others' thoughts,feelings,and desires.This ability to consider another's point of view is called what?

Carla,a bright,energetic 7-year-old,has lost four gloves during the past few weeks.Her mother is annoyed at the need to keep replacing gloves.Carla notices that her little brother is amused that Carla is in trouble,and she formulates the theory that her brother is stealing the gloves just to get her into trouble.Carla is convinced that she is right.She refuses to entertain her mother's suggestion that Carla is often so distracted that she does not keep track of her possessions.Carla is displaying a form of

Jean Piaget and other researchers have studied cognitive development in middle childhood from different theoretical traditions.What label did Piaget use to describe this stage of cognitive development?

In criminal cases involving children's eyewitness testimony,interviewers should avoid using guided imagery.Why?