Question 1

Many of the large-scale projects during the Soviet rapid industrialization were carried out by prison labor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

The Stalin revolution of the 1920s and 1930s extended even into the families of ordinary Russians with Stalin's policies of:

Accepted Answer

A)  legalization of divorce, homosexuality, religious marriages, and abortion. 
B)  declaring illegal homosexuality, marriage, and abortion. 
C)  legalizing homosexuality but refusing to allow abortions or religious marriages. 
D)  establishing kibbutzim: the means by which children would be raised communally. 
E)  making divorce difficult and abortions illegal except to save the mother's life. 
A)  legalization of divorce, homosexuality, religious marriages, and abortion. 
B)  declaring illegal homosexuality, marriage, and abortion. 
C)  legalizing homosexuality but refusing to allow abortions or religious marriages. 
D)  establishing kibbutzim: the means by which children would be raised communally. 
E)  making divorce difficult and abortions illegal except to save the mother's life. E

Question 3

What role did the economy play in the collapse of the Weimar Republic?

Accepted Answer

The collapse of the Weimar Republic,and indeed of Germany,was caused almost entirely by the economic collapse following the Treaty of Versailles.The harsh punitive measures of the treaty forced Germany to cede much of its most profitable land and left it with a debt of over $33 billion.Still reeling from wartime inflation,the government was hard-pressed to fund public programs and continued to print money,which added to the problem.Inflation reached a critical point in 1923,but the government did nothing for a year,by which time most Germans were financially ruined.For those on fixed pensions,savings and security had vanished.The financial crisis led many farmers and middle-class employees to blame their problems on those who had claimed to represent them,and therefore they began to look to new political parties for help.Although the situation was improving by 1925,due in large part to financial packages coming from the United States under the Dawes Plan,the Weimar was pushed to the brink of ruin by the stock market collapse of 1929.Unemployment rose to 6 million,and production dropped by 44 percent.Farmers,peasants,and the middle class lost virtually everything.Unable to tax a poverty-stricken country in order to increase its revenues,the government was unable to afford welfare benefits; those hit hardest by economic hardship were left without protection of any kind.The financial crisis created an opportunity for the Weimar opponents: leading industrialists and conservative landowners,who supported a return to authoritarian government in order to ensure protective economic policies to stimulate the economy.These conservative forces wielded considerable power in Germany,as did the army and civil service which together brought down the Republic.

Question 4

The SS (Schutzstaffel)was created as an alternative to the radical and possibly revolutionary SA (Hitler's storm troopers).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

What was the Night of Broken Glass?

Accepted Answer

A)  a general attack by the SA against Jewish stores and synagogues across Germany in 1938 
B)  the Nazis' nickname for the attack that burned the Reichstag in 1933 
C)  a show of force by Mussolini's fasci against communist groups after the march on Rome 
D)  the first, mass public roundup of political prisoners in Stalin's Great Terror 
E)  a nickname for the first round of arrests that sent thousands of German Jews into concentration camps 
A)  a general attack by the SA against Jewish stores and synagogues across Germany in 1938 
B)  the Nazis' nickname for the attack that burned the Reichstag in 1933 
C)  a show of force by Mussolini's fasci against communist groups after the march on Rome 
D)  the first, mass public roundup of political prisoners in Stalin's Great Terror 
E)  a nickname for the first round of arrests that sent thousands of German Jews into concentration camps

Question 6

The Bolsheviks won the civil war in Russia because they were better organized than the Whites and others who opposed the socialist state.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The Bolsheviks were able to begin consolidating their power in Russia by negotiating a separate peace with the Germans and ending their involvement in the war with the Treaty of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Berlin. 
B)  Brest-Litovsk. 
C)  Versailles. 
D)  Paris. 
E)  Petrograd. 
A)  Berlin. 
B)  Brest-Litovsk. 
C)  Versailles. 
D)  Paris. 
E)  Petrograd.

Question 8

What was the Night of the Long Knives?

Accepted Answer

A)  A round of brutal street fighting between Nazi and communists gangs immediately after Hitler's rise to power 
B)  An attack on the Reichstag in Berlin by anarchists 
C)  A nickname for the first round of arrests that sent thousands of German Jews into concentration camps 
D)  A lethal purge of Hitler's SA in 1934, killing over a thousand officials he considered too radical 
E)  The nickname for the coordinated attacks made on Jewish businesses and synagogues in 1938 
A)  A round of brutal street fighting between Nazi and communists gangs immediately after Hitler's rise to power 
B)  An attack on the Reichstag in Berlin by anarchists 
C)  A nickname for the first round of arrests that sent thousands of German Jews into concentration camps 
D)  A lethal purge of Hitler's SA in 1934, killing over a thousand officials he considered too radical 
E)  The nickname for the coordinated attacks made on Jewish businesses and synagogues in 1938

Question 9

In 1924 an international committee chaired by American financier Charles G.Dawes offered Germany:

Accepted Answer

A)  a proposed treaty to begin genuine disarmament among the former Allies 
B)  a diplomatic effort to return the Rhineland to Germany as a demilitarized zone 
C)  the diplomatic effort to fully implement the Kellogg-Briand Pact outlawing war 
D)  an attempt to bring the Soviet Union into the League of Nations 
E)  a new system of war reparations for Germany, intended to ease the financial strain 
A)  a proposed treaty to begin genuine disarmament among the former Allies 
B)  a diplomatic effort to return the Rhineland to Germany as a demilitarized zone 
C)  the diplomatic effort to fully implement the Kellogg-Briand Pact outlawing war 
D)  an attempt to bring the Soviet Union into the League of Nations 
E)  a new system of war reparations for Germany, intended to ease the financial strain

Question 10

Stalin had originally been destined for a career in the priesthood before taking up politics.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In elections of 1930s,the Nazis:

Accepted Answer

A)  received an overwhelming majority of the votes. 
B)  were the smallest party in the German parliament. 
C)  finished second to the Social Democrats. 
D)  boycotted the elections to make a political point. 
E)  campaigned with monarchists wanting to reinstitute the monarchy. 
A)  received an overwhelming majority of the votes. 
B)  were the smallest party in the German parliament. 
C)  finished second to the Social Democrats. 
D)  boycotted the elections to make a political point. 
E)  campaigned with monarchists wanting to reinstitute the monarchy.

Question 12

The Freikorps (free corps)of Germany was made up of veterans from the First World War and other young nationalists who acted as counterrevolutionaries.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The original work in physics that eventually led to the development of the atomic bomb was done by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Otto Hahn. 
B)  Fritz Strassman. 
C)  Albert Einstein. 
D)  Werner Heidelberg. 
E)  Max Planck. 
A)  Otto Hahn. 
B)  Fritz Strassman. 
C)  Albert Einstein. 
D)  Werner Heidelberg. 
E)  Max Planck.

Question 14

How did Mussolini manage the Italian state's long-standing conflict with the Catholic Church?

Accepted Answer

A)  by banning Catholic political groups throughout Italy 
B)  by denying diplomatic recognition to the Vatican in 1925 
C)  by asking prominent Catholic politicians to join the fascist regime 
D)  by staging a public reconciliation with the Church, including independence for the Vatican in 1929 
E)  by forcibly appointing a new pope, Pius XI, when Benedict XV died in 1929 
A)  by banning Catholic political groups throughout Italy 
B)  by denying diplomatic recognition to the Vatican in 1925 
C)  by asking prominent Catholic politicians to join the fascist regime 
D)  by staging a public reconciliation with the Church, including independence for the Vatican in 1929 
E)  by forcibly appointing a new pope, Pius XI, when Benedict XV died in 1929

Question 15

Fritz Lang,one of the greatest German film directors,is known for such films as:

Accepted Answer

A)  Der letzte Mann. 
B)  Metropolis. 
C)  Jew Suss. 
D)  Triumph of the Will. 
E)  Tiefland. 
A)  Der letzte Mann. 
B)  Metropolis. 
C)  Jew Suss. 
D)  Triumph of the Will. 
E)  Tiefland.

Question 16

What caused the Great Depression,and how did it end?

Accepted Answer

The roots of the depression were embedde

Question 17

During the Russian Civil War,the communists' primary opponents were monarchists and liberal supporters of the provisional government,but they were also:

Accepted Answer

A)  syndicalist. 
B)  criminal fraternities. 
C)  nationalist movements. 
D)  escaped criminals and prisoners. 
E)  radical feminists. 
A)  syndicalist. 
B)  criminal fraternities. 
C)  nationalist movements. 
D)  escaped criminals and prisoners. 
E)  radical feminists.

Question 18

Italy emerged from the war with the least amount of debt and little loss of life and therefore was one of the few democracies not in distress.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

How did Mussolini use the three doctrines of fascism-statism,nationalism,and militarism-to unify Italy?

Accepted Answer

Statism was declared to incorporate ever

Question 20

Which of the following was the most prominent beneficial effect of the New Economic Policy (NEP)?

Accepted Answer

A)  The recovery of Russian agriculture to prewar levels of prosperity 
B)  The increase of agricultural goods, especially food, flowing into Russian cities 
C)  Greatly increased public faith in the communists' ability to manage the Soviet economy 
D)  The sudden leap forward in Soviet industrial production 
E)  The increased support for the communists from the wealthy landowners, the kulaks 
A)  The recovery of Russian agriculture to prewar levels of prosperity 
B)  The increase of agricultural goods, especially food, flowing into Russian cities 
C)  Greatly increased public faith in the communists' ability to manage the Soviet economy 
D)  The sudden leap forward in Soviet industrial production 
E)  The increased support for the communists from the wealthy landowners, the kulaks

Exam 25: Turmoil between the Wars

Many of the large-scale projects during the Soviet rapid industrialization were carried out by prison labor.

The Stalin revolution of the 1920s and 1930s extended even into the families of ordinary Russians with Stalin's policies of:

What role did the economy play in the collapse of the Weimar Republic?

The SS (Schutzstaffel)was created as an alternative to the radical and possibly revolutionary SA (Hitler's storm troopers).

What was the Night of Broken Glass?

The Bolsheviks won the civil war in Russia because they were better organized than the Whites and others who opposed the socialist state.

The Bolsheviks were able to begin consolidating their power in Russia by negotiating a separate peace with the Germans and ending their involvement in the war with the Treaty of:

What was the Night of the Long Knives?

In 1924 an international committee chaired by American financier Charles G.Dawes offered Germany:

Stalin had originally been destined for a career in the priesthood before taking up politics.

In elections of 1930s,the Nazis:

The Freikorps (free corps)of Germany was made up of veterans from the First World War and other young nationalists who acted as counterrevolutionaries.

The original work in physics that eventually led to the development of the atomic bomb was done by:

How did Mussolini manage the Italian state's long-standing conflict with the Catholic Church?

Fritz Lang,one of the greatest German film directors,is known for such films as:

What caused the Great Depression,and how did it end?

During the Russian Civil War,the communists' primary opponents were monarchists and liberal supporters of the provisional government,but they were also:

Italy emerged from the war with the least amount of debt and little loss of life and therefore was one of the few democracies not in distress.

How did Mussolini use the three doctrines of fascism-statism,nationalism,and militarism-to unify Italy?

Which of the following was the most prominent beneficial effect of the New Economic Policy (NEP)?

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The Expansion of Europe 950-1100

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Rebirth and Unrest 1350-1453

Innovation and Exploration 1453-1533

The Age of Dissent and Division 1500-1564

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European Monarchies and Absolutism 1660-1725

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