Question 1

The availability of a large series of monozygotic and dizygotic twins often enhances studies on the genetic basis of human behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Research on alcoholism indicates that at least in mouse and animal models, a single dominant gene is responsible.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Suggest two problems with determining the genetic basis of a behavioral trait in humans.

Accepted Answer

influence of the environment and difficulty in conducting genetic studies on humans

Question 4

Determining the genetic influence on two fairly common human behavioral disorders has eluded researchers for many years. One involves passive deficits in thinking, language, feelings, and social skills; the other includes a variety of psychotic symptoms, perceptual disorders (hearing voices), and withdrawal from reality. Evidence from pedigrees and twins indicates that these two behaviors have a genetic component. Which behaviors are being described here?

Accepted Answer

autism and

Question 5

Humans are relatively unavailable as experimental subjects in genetic investigations, yet considerable interest surrounds intelligence, language, personality, and emotional behaviors. One difficulty in studying such behaviors is the high likelihood that they ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  are strongly influenced by birth order and diet 
B)  are affected by the environment 
C)  follow non-Mendelian patterns of inheritance 
D)  follow extranuclear patterns of inheritance 
E)  have no likely genetic influence 
A)  are strongly influenced by birth order and diet 
B)  are affected by the environment 
C)  follow non-Mendelian patterns of inheritance 
D)  follow extranuclear patterns of inheritance 
E)  have no likely genetic influence

Question 6

A transgenic mouse model now exists for Huntington disease in humans.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

What is the biochemical role of adenyl cyclase?

Accepted Answer

Adenyl cyclase converts ATP to cAMP whic

Question 8

How would the use of a large series of monozygotic and dizygotic twins enhance studies on the genetic basis of human behavior?

Accepted Answer

Monozygotic twins are genetically identi

Question 9

What conclusion has been reached regarding the genetic status of schizophrenia using genome-wide association studies?

Accepted Answer

A)  A single dominant gene is involved. 
B)  No single gene or allele makes a significant contribution. 
C)  A single recessive gene is involved. 
D)  Several dominant genes located on the X chromosome cause this disease. 
E)  No more than three loci are involved in the expression of schizophrenia. 
A)  A single dominant gene is involved. 
B)  No single gene or allele makes a significant contribution. 
C)  A single recessive gene is involved. 
D)  Several dominant genes located on the X chromosome cause this disease. 
E)  No more than three loci are involved in the expression of schizophrenia.

Question 10

In studies attempting to determine a genetic basis for a given behavior, if the environment is held constant, and behavioral differences directly correlate with genetic differences, a genetic basis for the behavioral state is supported.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Huntington disease (HD) is a well-studied, autosomal dominant disorder that affects the nervous system. Symptoms usually appear after age 40, and victims usually die within 10 to 15 years after onset of the disease. It appears that at least in some cases of HD, "stutter" mutations occur. Such mutations are characterized by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  uncontrolled verbal capacity of patients 
B)  extra trinucleotide repeats within the HD gene 
C)  RNA polymerase imperfections leading to altered DNAs 
D)  repeated DNA polymerases generating too many coding symbols 
E)  links between monoamine oxidase A (MAO
A)  and hexokinase 
A)  uncontrolled verbal capacity of patients 
B)  extra trinucleotide repeats within the HD gene 
C)  RNA polymerase imperfections leading to altered DNAs 
D)  repeated DNA polymerases generating too many coding symbols 
E)  links between monoamine oxidase A (MAO
A)  and hexokinase

Question 12

How are electrical impulses propagated from neuron to neuron?

Accepted Answer

Impulses are propagated by the

Question 13

What anatomical structure is responsible for the transfer of impulses between neurons?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What anatomical structure is responsible for the...

Question 14

Individuals with Huntington disease have a point mutation in a gene coding for the p53 protein.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

List at least three areas of research that deal with the genetics of behavior in humans.

Accepted Answer

Huntington

Question 16

Recent research using gene expression profiles indicates that schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  like opposite sides of the same coin 
B)  identical at the molecular level 
C)  completely unrelated 
D)  likely to be caused by the same dominant gene 
E)  likely to be caused by the same recessive gene 
A)  like opposite sides of the same coin 
B)  identical at the molecular level 
C)  completely unrelated 
D)  likely to be caused by the same dominant gene 
E)  likely to be caused by the same recessive gene

Question 17

Present an overview of the research dealing with the genetics of behavior in small mammals (mice or rats) and Drosophila.

Accepted Answer

mice or rats: fear and anxiety

Question 18

Autism spectrum disorders are neurodevelopmental disorders that appear to be ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  caused by a single dominant gene 
B)  multifactorial and complex in nature with a genetic component 
C)  caused by several genes located on the X chromosome 
D)  caused by a low number of recessive genes located mainly on the autosomes 
E)  directly related to trinucleotide repeat increases but not decreases 
A)  caused by a single dominant gene 
B)  multifactorial and complex in nature with a genetic component 
C)  caused by several genes located on the X chromosome 
D)  caused by a low number of recessive genes located mainly on the autosomes 
E)  directly related to trinucleotide repeat increases but not decreases

Question 19

Drosophila can learn and remember.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Much effort has been expended to understand genetic involvement in brain function in Drosophila. Why might this research be important in understanding the functioning of the human brain?

Accepted Answer

Mammalian homologs o

Exam 24: Neurogenetics

The availability of a large series of monozygotic and dizygotic twins often enhances studies on the genetic basis of human behavior.

Research on alcoholism indicates that at least in mouse and animal models, a single dominant gene is responsible.

Suggest two problems with determining the genetic basis of a behavioral trait in humans.

Humans are relatively unavailable as experimental subjects in genetic investigations, yet considerable interest surrounds intelligence, language, personality, and emotional behaviors. One difficulty in studying such behaviors is the high likelihood that they ________.

A transgenic mouse model now exists for Huntington disease in humans.

What is the biochemical role of adenyl cyclase?

How would the use of a large series of monozygotic and dizygotic twins enhance studies on the genetic basis of human behavior?

What conclusion has been reached regarding the genetic status of schizophrenia using genome-wide association studies?

In studies attempting to determine a genetic basis for a given behavior, if the environment is held constant, and behavioral differences directly correlate with genetic differences, a genetic basis for the behavioral state is supported.

How are electrical impulses propagated from neuron to neuron?

What anatomical structure is responsible for the transfer of impulses between neurons?

Individuals with Huntington disease have a point mutation in a gene coding for the p53 protein.

List at least three areas of research that deal with the genetics of behavior in humans.

Recent research using gene expression profiles indicates that schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders are ________.

Present an overview of the research dealing with the genetics of behavior in small mammals (mice or rats) and Drosophila.

Autism spectrum disorders are neurodevelopmental disorders that appear to be ________.

Drosophila can learn and remember.

Much effort has been expended to understand genetic involvement in brain function in Drosophila. Why might this research be important in understanding the functioning of the human brain?

Introduction to Genetics

Mitosis and Meiosis

Mendelian Genetics

Extensions of Mendelian Genetics

Chromosome Mapping in Eukaryotes

Genetic Analysis and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophages

Sex Determination and Sex Chromosomes

Chromosome Mutations: Variation in Number and Arrangement

Extranuclear Inheritance

DNA Structure and Analysis

DNA Replication and Recombination

DNA Organization in Chromosomes

The Genetic Code and Transcription

Translation and Proteins

Gene Mutation, Dna Repair, and Transposition

Regulation of Gene Expression in Prokaryotes

Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

Developmental Genetics

Cancer and Regulation of the Cell Cycle

Recombinant Dna Technology

Genomics, Bioinformatics, and Proteomics

Applications and Ethics of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Quantitative Genetics and Multifactorial Traits

Population and Evolutionary Genetics

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