Exam 4: Physical, Sensory, and Perceptual Development in Infancy

Correct Answer:

Answered by Examlex AI Copilot

As of my knowledge cutoff in 2023, the study by McGill in 2001 you're referring to may not be immediately identifiable without additional context, as there could be multiple studies from that year and author on various topics. However, if we're discussing dietary advice for a friend whose child has colic and assuming the study in question is relevant to infant colic and diet, I can provide some general advice based on common knowledge and research around that time.

Colic is a common condition in infants, characterized by periods of intense, unexplained fussing and crying in an otherwise healthy baby. The exact cause of colic is unknown, but there are some dietary considerations that may help alleviate symptoms:

1. **Breastfeeding Mothers:**
- If the mother is breastfeeding, she might consider keeping a food diary to see if the baby's colic symptoms correlate with specific foods she is consuming. Some infants may be sensitive to certain components in the mother's diet, such as caffeine, dairy products, onions, or other potential allergens.
- A temporary elimination diet, where the mother avoids certain foods like cow's milk, eggs, nuts, wheat, soy, and fish, may be recommended to see if there is an improvement in the baby's symptoms. This should be done under the guidance of a healthcare provider to ensure the mother maintains proper nutrition.

2. **Formula-fed Infants:**
- If the infant is formula-fed, the parent might consider talking to the pediatrician about trying a different formula. Some babies may have an intolerance or allergy to cow's milk protein, and a hypoallergenic or hydrolyzed protein formula might be recommended.
- It's also important to ensure that the baby is not swallowing too much air during feedings, which can increase gas and discomfort. Proper bottle-feeding techniques, such as keeping the bottle tilted to avoid air in the nipple, can help.

3. **Probiotics:**
- Some studies have suggested that probiotics, particularly Lactobacillus reuteri, may help reduce colic symptoms in breastfed infants. However, parents should consult with a pediatrician before giving any supplements to their infant.

4. **Feeding Practices:**
- Frequent burping during and after feedings can help reduce gas and discomfort.
- Keeping the baby upright during and after feedings may also help.

5. **General Comfort Measures:**
- Sometimes, non-dietary interventions such as swaddling, rocking, white noise, or a warm bath can provide relief for a colicky baby.

It's important to note that while dietary changes can be helpful for some infants with colic, they may not work for all. Colic typically resolves on its own by the time the baby is 3 to 4 months old. If the baby's symptoms are severe, persistent, or accompanied by other concerning signs (such as poor weight gain, fever, or vomiting), it is crucial to seek medical advice to rule out other potential causes.

Lastly, always encourage your friend to consult with their child's pediatrician before making any significant changes to the infant's or the breastfeeding mother's diet. The pediatrician can provide personalized advice and support based on the latest research and the baby's specific health needs.