Exam 6: Learning

Yang watched her brother pray before eating and heard their mother praise him for praying. Thus,Yang has learned to pray before eating a meal.Yang's praying is most likely a result of

When explaining to his wife how positive reinforcement and positive punishment are similar, Jackson correctly says that both

Pederson's teacher blows a whistle when it is time for his class to come in from recess. Pederson is afraid of being left on the playground alone,so he starts to go inside any time he Hears a sound like the teacher's whistle,such as the school bell ringing.Pederson's behavior Is an example of

Whenever baby Colin cries,his mother picks him up.This stops Colin from crying.In turn, this makes Colin's mother pick him up more often.In this example,his mother picking him up Serves as a ________ reinforcer for Colin.Colin stopping crying is a ________ reinforcer For the mother.

Every day when Johnny goes outside for recess,he sees the child who bullies him on the playground,which causes him to feel anxious.Over time,Johnny has been classically conditioned to feel anxious at the sound of the bell signaling the start of recess. A) Identify the US,UR,CS,and CR in this situation. B) What is extinction? Give an example of how extinction might occur in Johnny's situation,if the bully goes on vacation for two weeks. C) When the bully returns to school after his two-week vacation,how might Johnny's conditioned response to the recess bell change?

If getting $1 for every correct answer on this test makes you study harder for the next test, then being given $1 is a form of

Riley ate too much chocolate cake during his birthday party and was sick all night.If classical conditioning occurred and he associated the cake with being sick,then when Riley sees cake Today,he will most likely

Three-year-old Markus is startled by the booming sound of thunder he heard before a storm.According to the cognitive model of classical learning,Markus will pay close attention to his environment in an effort to try to

Jack uses classical conditioning to teach his dog Luna to sit whenever Jack says "Sit." But now,anything that Jack says that is similar to "Sit" causes Luna to show the conditioned response of sitting.This is most likely the result of

Professor Jackson periodically gives his students pop quizzes on the reading assignments.To encourage students to complete the reading assignments,the schedule of reinforcement he Should use for the pop quizzes is a ________ schedule.

Shonda wants to train her dog to roll over and is unsure of how to use reinforcement to teach her dog this new trick. A) Describe continuous and partial reinforcement and give one advantage of using each. B) Describe each of the four schedules of partial reinforcement. C) Which schedule of partial reinforcement should Shonda choose to use if she wants to create the highest rate of response in the shortest amount of time? Which should she use if she wants to create the most consistent rate of response?

Positive punishment causes a(n) ________ in behavior through the ________ of a stimulus.

You have just been hired at your dream job.You show up for the first day of work and want to make a good first impression but are uncertain of how to behave. A) What is observational learning? B) Give one example of how observational learning could be used to help you in this situation.

During the famous experiment with "Little Albert," Albert learned to fear rats when researchers used classical conditioning and presented a

Kathy is classically conditioned to fear the toilet flushing while she is in the shower because the flush causes a surge of hot water.Kathy showers at her parent's house,someone flushes The toilet,and she does not get burned.Still,when showering back at home,the toilet flushes And Kathy immediately feels a surge of fear.This example best illustrates the fact that Extinction

After repeated studying,Cressida is able to remember all of the state capitals.Now when she hears the word Michigan,she quickly thinks of the word Lansing.Cressida's learning is Most likely due to long-term potentiation,which

Olivia takes a drug that is supposed to increase her ability to memorize things.The drug works by increasing neural communication in the hippocampus,and when taken repeatedly,it may also support

In Pavlov's research,dogs learned that the sound of a metronome predicted the arrival of food,so the dogs salivated at the sound of the metronome.In this research,classical Conditioning occurred in part because the ________ elicited a(n) ________ response (salivation).

Eleanor wants to use classical conditioning to teach her students to run to the closet when the "intruder alert" sounds at their school.To be successful,Eleanor must begin the learning process with a(n)

In Thorndike's puzzle box,a trapped cat had to perform a specific action in order to escape.Thorndike ________ the box in order to encourage the cat to try to escape.