Exam 6: Learning

Dustin's teacher is trying to teach him to hold a pencil correctly.She begins by rewarding him when he places his index finger in the appropriate position.Next,she rewards him when he positions his thumb correctly.Finally,she rewards him when he holds his pencil in a slanted direction.This technique is an example of ____.

What is classical conditioning? How did Pavlov's experiments with digestion in dogs lead to the development of the principle of classical conditioning?

When behaviorists reinforce small steps toward a larger behavioral goal,this is called ____.

Learning is a relatively ____ change in behavior.

Which of the following is NOT a correct observation?

Consider Pavlov's experiment.After several pairings of food with the metronome's sound,the dogs' act of salivating at the sound of the metronome became the ____.

How does one know that something is acting as a reinforcer?

Consider Pavlov's experiments with dogs.The ticking of the metronome became a(n)____,once the dogs learned the association between the meat powder and the metronome's sound.

A partial reinforcement schedule that reinforces the first response after a fixed time interval has elapsed is known as a ____.

According to Skinner,an organism's behavior ____ the environment to achieve some desired goal.

When parents use money to reinforce their child's washing the dishes after supper,the money is an example of a ____ reinforcer.

Which of the following strengthens a response by removing an aversive or unpleasant stimulus after a response?

Albert Bandura,the developer of social learning theory,believes that children learn aggression from three primary sources.These are the family,____,and the media.

Which principle is used in drug treatment programs to enhance their effectiveness?

Sleep is an example of a ____ reinforcer.

After conditioning,the organism responds more quickly because it is now reacting to the ____.

The method of successive approximations is known as ____.

Which of the following refers to the type of conditioning Skinner investigated,a form of learning in which we discover the consequences of behavior?

Although this type of reinforcement schedule is more resistant to extinction than continuous reinforcement,the person or animal will stop responding soon after reinforcement stops.What kind of schedule is this?

Identify the biggest problem with continuous reinforcement.