Exam 6: Learning

Which of the following are necessary in order for the greatest possibility of a punishment being effective?

The practical importance of ____ is that,even if you succeed in ridding yourself of a conditioned response,it may surprise you by reappearing later.

Skinner did not recommend the use of ____ to shape behavior.

According to the ____ theory,when you watch others engage in some activity with which you are not familiar,a great deal of cognitive learning takes place before you yourself perform the behavior.

Which of the following statements is true regarding media violence and aggressive behavior?

Despite Skinner's denials,operant conditioning is now thought to involve the ____ that a given consequence will follow a given behavior.

Explain the concepts of extinction,spontaneous recovery,stimulus generalization,and stimulus discrimination and provide an example of each.

While reinforcement ____ the probability of a response,punishment ____ the probability of whatever response it follows.

Derek is only five years old but he speaks like his mother,who is an editor of a popular magazine.His vocabulary exceeds that of a typical five-year-old.Just yesterday,his teacher was surprised to hear him use the word "grandiose" to describe his classmate's idea.Derek has most likely learned this impressive vocabulary through ____.

Which of the following statements is true?

A classical conditioning procedure in which a neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus after being paired with an existing conditioned stimulus is known as ____.

Pavlov asserted that classical conditioning was an essentially "____" process.

Negative reinforcement is the process by which escaping or avoiding an aversive or unpleasant stimulus ____ the response that it follows.

Josie sacrifices a chance at a passing grade in her psychology course by cutting class so that she can enjoy spending time with her friends at the coffee shop each morning.Josie has chosen a ____ over a ____.

Learning that occurs without apparent reinforcement and is not demonstrated until sufficient reinforcement is provided is called ____.

Which partial reinforcement schedule forms the basis for most games of chance?

What is the difference between negative reinforcement and punishment?

The six important principles of classical conditioning are acquisition,high-order conditioning,stimulus generalization,stimulus discrimination,____,and spontaneous recovery.

Which of the following partial reinforcement schedules are defined in terms of number of responses or the passage of time?

You want to teach your hamster to turn in circles when you present his favorite food,peanut butter.You begin by giving him a small taste when he makes a half circle,then another taste of peanut butter when he makes a three-quarter's circle,and then another taste when he completes the circle.You continue to reward your hamster every time he approximates your behavioral goal.This strategy is known as ____.