Question 1

This is a layer of hyaline cartilage that reduces friction between bones involved in the joint.

Accepted Answer

A)  periosteum 
B)  distal epiphysis 
C)  nutrient foramen 
D)  articular cartilage 
E)  epiphyseal plate 
A)  periosteum 
B)  distal epiphysis 
C)  nutrient foramen 
D)  articular cartilage 
E)  epiphyseal plate

Question 2

These are considered bone-dissolving cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  osteogenic 
B)  osteoclast 
C)  oscteocytes 
D)  osteoblasts 
E)  all of these choices 
A)  osteogenic 
B)  osteoclast 
C)  oscteocytes 
D)  osteoblasts 
E)  all of these choices

Question 3

In the diagram, where is the zone of resting cartilage?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 4

List and briefly describe the six main functions of the skeletal system.

Accepted Answer

The skeletal system is used for support

Question 5

In the diagram, which bone is the flat bone?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 6

This is a structure of a long bone that contains adipocytes that store nutrients.

Accepted Answer

A)  diaphysis 
B)  epiphysis 
C)  metaphysis 
D)  periosteum 
E)  yellow marrow 
A)  diaphysis 
B)  epiphysis 
C)  metaphysis 
D)  periosteum 
E)  yellow marrow

Question 7

Which of these is FALSE regarding sesamoid bones?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sesamoid bones develop in particular tendons where there is friction and tension. 
B)  Sesamoid bones can change the direction the tendon pulls to increase the mechanical advantage at the joint. 
C)  The elbow and knee are the only locations where sesamoid bones develop. 
D)  Sesamoid bones vary in number from person to person. 
E)  The two largest sesamoid bones are the patellae; most of the sesamoid bones are only millimeters in diameter. 
A)  Sesamoid bones develop in particular tendons where there is friction and tension. 
B)  Sesamoid bones can change the direction the tendon pulls to increase the mechanical advantage at the joint. 
C)  The elbow and knee are the only locations where sesamoid bones develop. 
D)  Sesamoid bones vary in number from person to person. 
E)  The two largest sesamoid bones are the patellae; most of the sesamoid bones are only millimeters in diameter.

Question 8

Which of the following structures are NOT part of an osteon?

Accepted Answer

A)  canaliculi 
B)  lamellae 
C)  osteocytes 
D)  lacunae 
E)  trabeculae 
A)  canaliculi 
B)  lamellae 
C)  osteocytes 
D)  lacunae 
E)  trabeculae

Question 9

List and briefly describe the six main functions of the skeletal system.

Accepted Answer

The skeletal system is used for support

Question 10

Which hormone promotes bone resorption?

Accepted Answer

A)  calcitriol 
B)  calcitonin 
C)  human growth hormone 
D)  parathyroid hormone 
E)  insulin 
A)  calcitriol 
B)  calcitonin 
C)  human growth hormone 
D)  parathyroid hormone 
E)  insulin

Question 11

In the diagram, where is the central or haversian canal?

Accepted Answer

A)  C 
B)  A 
C)  E 
D)  F 
E)  D 
A)  C 
B)  A 
C)  E 
D)  F 
E)  D

Question 12

Which of the following structures contains osteocytes?

Accepted Answer

A)  central or haversian canals 
B)  perforating or volkmann's canals 
C)  lamellae 
D)  lacunae 
E)  canaliculi 
A)  central or haversian canals 
B)  perforating or volkmann's canals 
C)  lamellae 
D)  lacunae 
E)  canaliculi

Question 13

The epiphyseal plate of a long bone is made of which of these types of tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)  elastic cartilage 
B)  hyaline cartilage 
C)  fibrocartilage 
D)  dense fibrous connective tissue 
E)  loose areolar connective tissue 
A)  elastic cartilage 
B)  hyaline cartilage 
C)  fibrocartilage 
D)  dense fibrous connective tissue 
E)  loose areolar connective tissue

Question 14

Which type of bone is the femur?

Accepted Answer

A)  long bone 
B)  short bone 
C)  flat bone 
D)  irregular bone 
E)  sesamoid bone 
A)  long bone 
B)  short bone 
C)  flat bone 
D)  irregular bone 
E)  sesamoid bone

Question 15

Where in the diagram is the metaphysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 16

Which of the following is best described as a short bone?

Accepted Answer

A)  parietal bone 
B)  femur 
C)  humerus 
D)  talus (a tarsal bone) 
E)  sternum 
A)  parietal bone 
B)  femur 
C)  humerus 
D)  talus (a tarsal bone) 
E)  sternum

Question 17

Remodeling of bones has certain advantages. Which of these is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Injured bone can be healed by replacing the damaged tissue. 
B)  New osseous tissue is stronger and less brittle than old osseous tissue. 
C)  Bone extracellular matrix is redistributed along the lines of stress. 
D)  Shape is altered to make the bone strong where there is greatest need. 
E)  Exercise and heavier loads on a bone lead to thinner but stronger osseous tissue. 
A)  Injured bone can be healed by replacing the damaged tissue. 
B)  New osseous tissue is stronger and less brittle than old osseous tissue. 
C)  Bone extracellular matrix is redistributed along the lines of stress. 
D)  Shape is altered to make the bone strong where there is greatest need. 
E)  Exercise and heavier loads on a bone lead to thinner but stronger osseous tissue.

Question 18

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Osseous tissue gets its "hardness" and ability to withstand compressive forces from the crystallized inorganic mineral salts located in the matrix. 
B)  Spongy bone does not have osteons, nor does it have lamellae, lacunae, or an osteocyte population. 
C)  Collagen fibers provide the ability to withstand tensile forces and are found in the osseous matrix, giving bone its flexibility. 
D)  The periosteum is a tough sheet of dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds the bone's surface wherever it is not covered with articular cartilage. 
E)  Compact bone is characterized by osteons, structures that consist of a central canal, concentric lamellae, lacunae, osteocytes and canaliculi. 
A)  Osseous tissue gets its "hardness" and ability to withstand compressive forces from the crystallized inorganic mineral salts located in the matrix. 
B)  Spongy bone does not have osteons, nor does it have lamellae, lacunae, or an osteocyte population. 
C)  Collagen fibers provide the ability to withstand tensile forces and are found in the osseous matrix, giving bone its flexibility. 
D)  The periosteum is a tough sheet of dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds the bone's surface wherever it is not covered with articular cartilage. 
E)  Compact bone is characterized by osteons, structures that consist of a central canal, concentric lamellae, lacunae, osteocytes and canaliculi.

Question 19

These are extensions of the lacunae and are filled with extracellular fluid.

Accepted Answer

A)  perforating or volkmann's canals 
B)  central or haversian canals 
C)  osteons 
D)  canaliculi 
E)  periosteum 
A)  perforating or volkmann's canals 
B)  central or haversian canals 
C)  osteons 
D)  canaliculi 
E)  periosteum

Question 20

Which of these is an attachment point for ligaments and tendons?

Accepted Answer

A)  diaphysis 
B)  metaphysis 
C)  epiphysis 
D)  endosteum 
E)  periosteum 
A)  diaphysis 
B)  metaphysis 
C)  epiphysis 
D)  endosteum 
E)  periosteum

Exam 6: Introduction to the Skeletal System

This is a layer of hyaline cartilage that reduces friction between bones involved in the joint.

These are considered bone-dissolving cells.

In the diagram, where is the zone of resting cartilage?

List and briefly describe the six main functions of the skeletal system.

In the diagram, which bone is the flat bone?

This is a structure of a long bone that contains adipocytes that store nutrients.

Which of these is FALSE regarding sesamoid bones?

Which of the following structures are NOT part of an osteon?

List and briefly describe the six main functions of the skeletal system.

Which hormone promotes bone resorption?

In the diagram, where is the central or haversian canal?

Which of the following structures contains osteocytes?

The epiphyseal plate of a long bone is made of which of these types of tissue?

Which type of bone is the femur?

Where in the diagram is the metaphysis?

Which of the following is best described as a short bone?

Remodeling of bones has certain advantages. Which of these is NOT true?

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

These are extensions of the lacunae and are filled with extracellular fluid.

Which of these is an attachment point for ligaments and tendons?

An Introduction to the Human Body

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Articulations

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Introduction to the Nervous System

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System

Sensory, Motor, and Integrative Systems

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

The Cardiovascular System: the Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

The Urinary System

The Reproductive Systems and Development

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