Question 1

What kind of effect does stimulating the amygdala (in the lab) have on humans? Why does it have this effect?

Accepted Answer

The effect is a mild feeling of emotion rather than a full-blown emotional response that is seen in animals. Discuss the importance of the interpretation of biological responses that result from amygdala stimulation.

Question 2

Strong and vivid memories for highly emotional events are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  congruent memories. 
B)  flashbulb memories. 
C)  phobias. 
D)  conditioned memories. 
A)  congruent memories. 
B)  flashbulb memories. 
C)  phobias. 
D)  conditioned memories. B

Question 3

According to cognitive expectancy theories of avoidance, animals make a decision based on:

Accepted Answer

A)  how strong the conditioned fear is. 
B)  a comparison of expected outcomes. 
C)  whether the CS was successfully avoided on the previous trial. 
D)  how strong the US is. 
A)  how strong the conditioned fear is. 
B)  a comparison of expected outcomes. 
C)  whether the CS was successfully avoided on the previous trial. 
D)  how strong the US is. B

Question 4

A collection of bodily responses that prepare the body to face a threat is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  emotion. 
B)  fear response. 
C)  arousal. 
D)  fight-or-flight. 
A)  emotion. 
B)  fear response. 
C)  arousal. 
D)  fight-or-flight.

Question 5

Which memory is an example of a flashbulb memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  remembering sad words because one is feeling sad 
B)  remembering a game show one watched on TV last night 
C)  remembering happy words because one was happy when one learned them 
D)  remembering the birth of one's first child 
A)  remembering sad words because one is feeling sad 
B)  remembering a game show one watched on TV last night 
C)  remembering happy words because one was happy when one learned them 
D)  remembering the birth of one's first child

Question 6

Which statement is an example of mood congruency of memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  If one is upset, one remembers unpleasant material better than pleasant material. 
B)  Word pairs are easier to learn if both words convey the same mood. 
C)  In general, one remembers pleasant experiences better than unpleasant experiences. 
D)  In general, one remembers unpleasant experiences better than pleasant experiences. 
A)  If one is upset, one remembers unpleasant material better than pleasant material. 
B)  Word pairs are easier to learn if both words convey the same mood. 
C)  In general, one remembers pleasant experiences better than unpleasant experiences. 
D)  In general, one remembers unpleasant experiences better than pleasant experiences.

Question 7

A person with amygdala damage who listened to an emotionally arousing story while watching an accompanying slide show remembered:

Accepted Answer

A)  pictures from the emotional parts of the slide show particularly well. 
B)  pictures from the unemotional parts of the slide show particularly well. 
C)  pictures from the end of the slide show much better than those from the beginning or middle. 
D)  all of the pictures equally well. 
A)  pictures from the emotional parts of the slide show particularly well. 
B)  pictures from the unemotional parts of the slide show particularly well. 
C)  pictures from the end of the slide show much better than those from the beginning or middle. 
D)  all of the pictures equally well.

Question 8

Autonomic arousal involves:

Accepted Answer

A)  a decrease in blood pressure. 
B)  increased sexual arousal. 
C)  diverting energy away from the large muscles. 
D)  decreased pain sensitivity. 
A)  a decrease in blood pressure. 
B)  increased sexual arousal. 
C)  diverting energy away from the large muscles. 
D)  decreased pain sensitivity.

Question 9

People with posttraumatic stress disorder:

Accepted Answer

A)  have a conditioned fear reaction that is triggered by one specific stimulus. 
B)  may benefit from drugs that increase the levels of stress hormones. 
C)  often have a smaller hippocampal volume than people without this disorder. 
D)  have higher-than-normal levels of stress hormones following the initial traumatic event. 
A)  have a conditioned fear reaction that is triggered by one specific stimulus. 
B)  may benefit from drugs that increase the levels of stress hormones. 
C)  often have a smaller hippocampal volume than people without this disorder. 
D)  have higher-than-normal levels of stress hormones following the initial traumatic event.

Question 10

Flashbulb memories:

Accepted Answer

A)  remain highly accurate over time. 
B)  are relatively immune to inconsistencies. 
C)  are held with very high confidence. 
D)  are nearly perfect photographic records of the event. 
A)  remain highly accurate over time. 
B)  are relatively immune to inconsistencies. 
C)  are held with very high confidence. 
D)  are nearly perfect photographic records of the event.

Question 11

Which human response has been found in other mammals like rats in which an ultrasonic vocalization is expressed?

Accepted Answer

A)  sadness 
B)  fear 
C)  laughter 
D)  anxiety 
A)  sadness 
B)  fear 
C)  laughter 
D)  anxiety

Question 12

The case of "Little Albert" has not been able to be repeated again because:

Accepted Answer

A)  it was proven to be a hoax. 
B)  it was disregarded as a one-time situation. 
C)  animal testing is no longer used in psychology. 
D)  of ethical guidelines. 
A)  it was proven to be a hoax. 
B)  it was disregarded as a one-time situation. 
C)  animal testing is no longer used in psychology. 
D)  of ethical guidelines.

Question 13

Describe how Seligman demonstrated learned helplessness in dogs.

Accepted Answer

Procedure must include a discussion of c

Question 14

Electrical stimulation of the amygdala produces a:

Accepted Answer

A)  strong emotional response in both animals and humans. 
B)  mild emotional response in both animals and humans. 
C)  strong emotional response in animals and a mild emotional response in humans. 
D)  mild emotional response in animals and a strong emotional response in humans. 
A)  strong emotional response in both animals and humans. 
B)  mild emotional response in both animals and humans. 
C)  strong emotional response in animals and a mild emotional response in humans. 
D)  mild emotional response in animals and a strong emotional response in humans.

Question 15

Experimental studies of emotion in animals have focused mainly on the emotion of:

Accepted Answer

A)  anger. 
B)  happiness. 
C)  surprise. 
D)  fear. 
A)  anger. 
B)  happiness. 
C)  surprise. 
D)  fear.

Question 16

Epinephrine:

Accepted Answer

A)  crosses the blood-brain barrier to directly influence the amygdala. 
B)  activates brainstem nuclei that produce norepinephrine. 
C)  disrupts release of norepinephrine by brainstem nuclei. 
D)  protects the brain from many chemicals that might cause harm. 
A)  crosses the blood-brain barrier to directly influence the amygdala. 
B)  activates brainstem nuclei that produce norepinephrine. 
C)  disrupts release of norepinephrine by brainstem nuclei. 
D)  protects the brain from many chemicals that might cause harm.

Question 17

According to the James-Lange theory of emotion, the:

Accepted Answer

A)  conscious feeling of an emotion leads to the bodily responses associated with that emotion. 
B)  bodily responses associated with an emotion leads to the conscious feeling of that emotion. 
C)  cognitive assessment of an emotional situation leads to the conscious feeling of that emotion. 
D)  conscious feeling of an emotion leads to the cognitive assessment of that emotional situation. 
A)  conscious feeling of an emotion leads to the bodily responses associated with that emotion. 
B)  bodily responses associated with an emotion leads to the conscious feeling of that emotion. 
C)  cognitive assessment of an emotional situation leads to the conscious feeling of that emotion. 
D)  conscious feeling of an emotion leads to the cognitive assessment of that emotional situation.

Question 18

In _____ people are instructed to explicitly forget information:

Accepted Answer

A)  directed forgetting 
B)  extinction therapy 
C)  exposure therapy 
D)  metal mapping 
A)  directed forgetting 
B)  extinction therapy 
C)  exposure therapy 
D)  metal mapping

Question 19

The basolateral nucleus of the amygdala is responsible for:

Accepted Answer

A)  gathering sensory input from the thalamus. 
B)  driving expression of physiological responses to emotional stimuli. 
C)  driving behavioral responses to emotional stimuli. 
D)  modulating storage and retrieval of emotional memories. 
A)  gathering sensory input from the thalamus. 
B)  driving expression of physiological responses to emotional stimuli. 
C)  driving behavioral responses to emotional stimuli. 
D)  modulating storage and retrieval of emotional memories.

Question 20

Epinephrine is:

Accepted Answer

A)  released by nuclei in the brainstem. 
B)  produced in the central nucleus of the amygdala. 
C)  released by the adrenal glands. 
D)  activated by the basolateral amygdala. 
A)  released by nuclei in the brainstem. 
B)  produced in the central nucleus of the amygdala. 
C)  released by the adrenal glands. 
D)  activated by the basolateral amygdala.

What kind of effect does stimulating the amygdala (in the lab) have on humans? Why does it have this effect?

Strong and vivid memories for highly emotional events are called:

According to cognitive expectancy theories of avoidance, animals make a decision based on:

A collection of bodily responses that prepare the body to face a threat is known as:

Which memory is an example of a flashbulb memory?

Which statement is an example of mood congruency of memory?

A person with amygdala damage who listened to an emotionally arousing story while watching an accompanying slide show remembered:

Autonomic arousal involves:

People with posttraumatic stress disorder:

Flashbulb memories:

Which human response has been found in other mammals like rats in which an ultrasonic vocalization is expressed?

The case of "Little Albert" has not been able to be repeated again because:

Describe how Seligman demonstrated learned helplessness in dogs.

Electrical stimulation of the amygdala produces a:

Experimental studies of emotion in animals have focused mainly on the emotion of:

Epinephrine:

According to the James-Lange theory of emotion, the:

In _____ people are instructed to explicitly forget information:

The basolateral nucleus of the amygdala is responsible for:

Epinephrine is:

Fundamental Themes in the Psychology of Learning and Memory

The Neuroscience of Learning and Memory

Habituation, Sensitization, and Familiarization:

Classical Conditioning:

Operant Conditioning:

Generalization, Discrimination Learning, and Concept Formation

Episodic and Semantic Memory:

Skill Memory:

Working Memory and Cognitive Control

Social Learning and Memory:

Development and Aging:learning and Memory Across the Lifespan

Filters

Exam 10: Emotional Influences on Learning and Memory

What kind of effect does stimulating the amygdala (in the lab) have on humans? Why does it have this effect?

Strong and vivid memories for highly emotional events are called:

According to cognitive expectancy theories of avoidance, animals make a decision based on:

A collection of bodily responses that prepare the body to face a threat is known as:

Which memory is an example of a flashbulb memory?

Which statement is an example of mood congruency of memory?

A person with amygdala damage who listened to an emotionally arousing story while watching an accompanying slide show remembered:

Autonomic arousal involves:

People with posttraumatic stress disorder:

Flashbulb memories:

Which human response has been found in other mammals like rats in which an ultrasonic vocalization is expressed?

The case of "Little Albert" has not been able to be repeated again because:

Describe how Seligman demonstrated learned helplessness in dogs.

Electrical stimulation of the amygdala produces a:

Experimental studies of emotion in animals have focused mainly on the emotion of:

Epinephrine:

According to the James-Lange theory of emotion, the:

In _____ people are instructed to explicitly forget information:

The basolateral nucleus of the amygdala is responsible for:

Epinephrine is:

Fundamental Themes in the Psychology of Learning and Memory

The Neuroscience of Learning and Memory

Habituation, Sensitization, and Familiarization:

Classical Conditioning:

Operant Conditioning:

Generalization, Discrimination Learning, and Concept Formation

Episodic and Semantic Memory:

Skill Memory:

Working Memory and Cognitive Control

Social Learning and Memory:

Development and Aging:learning and Memory Across the Lifespan

Filters