Question 1

Which of the following distinguishes a good theory from a bad one?

Accepted Answer

A) the good theory has been proven true 
B) the good theory can explain all possible research outcomes 
C) both alternatives a. and b. 
D) none of the above 
A) the good theory has been proven true 
B) the good theory can explain all possible research outcomes 
C) both alternatives a. and b. 
D) none of the above

Question 2

If a number of studies all seem consistent with a theory, then the theory is said to have been supported through

Accepted Answer

A) induction 
B) deduction 
C) serendipity 
D) parsimony 
A) induction 
B) deduction 
C) serendipity 
D) parsimony

Question 3

After completing their laboratory experiment on exposure to violent video games, why did Bushman and Anderson (2009)complete a field experiment on the exposure to violence and helping behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) they wanted to improve experimental realism 
B) they wanted to see if the results of their first experiment would generalize to everyday situations 
C) they wanted to rule out alternative interpretations of their laboratory experiment 
D) they wanted to increase sample size 
A) they wanted to improve experimental realism 
B) they wanted to see if the results of their first experiment would generalize to everyday situations 
C) they wanted to rule out alternative interpretations of their laboratory experiment 
D) they wanted to increase sample size

Question 4

Which of the following were found to be Questionable Research Practices (QRP's)by John, Loewenstein, and Prelec (2012)?

Accepted Answer

A) Failing to report all dependent measures 
B) Selectively reporting studies that "worked" 
C) Claiming to have predicted an unexpected finding 
D) All of the above 
A) Failing to report all dependent measures 
B) Selectively reporting studies that "worked" 
C) Claiming to have predicted an unexpected finding 
D) All of the above

Question 5

Which of the following would be an example of a research project began as the result of a serendipitous event?

Accepted Answer

A) A suspects B of fraud, so A replicates B's work 
B) A notices that complete strangers who take the same subway to work every day begin to greet one another at the station; A wonders why 
C) A comes across an interesting study and does a partial replication and an extension of it 
D) A has an equipment failure and notices some unusual behavior that leads to a series of studies 
A) A suspects B of fraud, so A replicates B's work 
B) A notices that complete strangers who take the same subway to work every day begin to greet one another at the station; A wonders why 
C) A comes across an interesting study and does a partial replication and an extension of it 
D) A has an equipment failure and notices some unusual behavior that leads to a series of studies

Question 6

Which of the following research studies is most obviously an example of basic research?

Accepted Answer

A) the effect of delaying reward on maze learning in rats 
B) the effectiveness of hypnosis for improving courtroom eyewitness memory 
C) worker productivity in well-lit vs. poorly-lit environments 
D) whether hands-free cell phones are less disruptive to driving than hand-held phones 
A) the effect of delaying reward on maze learning in rats 
B) the effectiveness of hypnosis for improving courtroom eyewitness memory 
C) worker productivity in well-lit vs. poorly-lit environments 
D) whether hands-free cell phones are less disruptive to driving than hand-held phones

Question 7

All of the following are true of theories except

Accepted Answer

A) they organize existing data 
B) an attribute of a good theory is that it is high on "productivity" 
C) provide the basis for making predictions that can be tested empirically 
D) they are tentative until the facts prove them true 
A) they organize existing data 
B) an attribute of a good theory is that it is high on "productivity" 
C) provide the basis for making predictions that can be tested empirically 
D) they are tentative until the facts prove them true

Question 8

Which of the following examples illustrates research that resulted from reflecting on an everyday observation?

Accepted Answer

A) Skinner's research on extinction 
B) Festinger's application of dissonance theory to the decision making 
C) Darley and Latané's helping behavior research 
D) Pfungst's study of Clever Hans 
A) Skinner's research on extinction 
B) Festinger's application of dissonance theory to the decision making 
C) Darley and Latané's helping behavior research 
D) Pfungst's study of Clever Hans

Question 9

When is a theory discarded?

Accepted Answer

A) when a study does not come out as predicted, thereby producing falsification 
B) whenever a better theory is proposed 
C) when empirical results consistently fail to support it 
D) when the theory's originator dies 
A) when a study does not come out as predicted, thereby producing falsification 
B) whenever a better theory is proposed 
C) when empirical results consistently fail to support it 
D) when the theory's originator dies

Question 10

Compared to field research, which of the following is true about laboratory research?

Accepted Answer

A) it allows for a greater degree of control over variables 
B) it may be lower in mundane realism 
C) both informed consent and debriefing are easier to manage 
D) all of the above 
A) it allows for a greater degree of control over variables 
B) it may be lower in mundane realism 
C) both informed consent and debriefing are easier to manage 
D) all of the above

Question 11

In their first experiment on study strategies on memory performance, Roediger and Karpicke (2006)found that a practice test led to better memory one week later than rereading the material one time. Roediger and Karpicke then used ________ in their second experiment to test the role of rereading multiple times as a study strategy compared to practice testing.

Accepted Answer

A) creative thinking in science 
B) "what's next?" thinking 
C) falsification 
D) serendipitous thinking 
A) creative thinking in science 
B) "what's next?" thinking 
C) falsification 
D) serendipitous thinking

Question 12

The study in the text that examined male and female patterns of control over the TV remote is a good example of a study that combines

Accepted Answer

A) basic and applied research 
B) field and lab research 
C) qualitative and quantitative research 
D) all of the above 
A) basic and applied research 
B) field and lab research 
C) qualitative and quantitative research 
D) all of the above

Question 13

A researcher uses some of the same procedures in her method as in a previous study, but she adds a new variable to be tested. What has she done?

Accepted Answer

A) engaged in data falsification 
B) did a direct replication of the previous study 
C) did a conceptual replication of previous study 
D) created serendipity in her study 
A) engaged in data falsification 
B) did a direct replication of the previous study 
C) did a conceptual replication of previous study 
D) created serendipity in her study

Question 14

In the original cognitive dissonance theory, it was said that dissonance develops as a result of experiencing contradictory thoughts. This "dissonance" is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) a behavior 
B) a hypothesis 
C) an operational definition 
D) a construct 
A) a behavior 
B) a hypothesis 
C) an operational definition 
D) a construct

Question 15

A researcher is measuring aggression. Which of the following is most clearly inadequate as an operational definition of the term?

Accepted Answer

A) choosing a button which makes it difficult for another subject to complete a task 
B) honking one's horn at an intersection for a period of more than two seconds 
C) attempting to harm someone 
D) delivering electric shocks to a competitor 
A) choosing a button which makes it difficult for another subject to complete a task 
B) honking one's horn at an intersection for a period of more than two seconds 
C) attempting to harm someone 
D) delivering electric shocks to a competitor

Question 16

Empirical questions must

Accepted Answer

A) be answerable with data 
B) include terms that can be operationally defined 
C) both alternatives a. and b. 
D) none of the above 
A) be answerable with data 
B) include terms that can be operationally defined 
C) both alternatives a. and b. 
D) none of the above

Which of the following distinguishes a good theory from a bad one?

If a number of studies all seem consistent with a theory, then the theory is said to have been supported through

After completing their laboratory experiment on exposure to violent video games, why did Bushman and Anderson (2009)complete a field experiment on the exposure to violence and helping behavior?

Which of the following were found to be Questionable Research Practices (QRP's)by John, Loewenstein, and Prelec (2012)?

Which of the following would be an example of a research project began as the result of a serendipitous event?

Which of the following research studies is most obviously an example of basic research?

All of the following are true of theories except

Which of the following examples illustrates research that resulted from reflecting on an everyday observation?

When is a theory discarded?

Compared to field research, which of the following is true about laboratory research?

The study in the text that examined male and female patterns of control over the TV remote is a good example of a study that combines

A researcher uses some of the same procedures in her method as in a previous study, but she adds a new variable to be tested. What has she done?

In the original cognitive dissonance theory, it was said that dissonance develops as a result of experiencing contradictory thoughts. This "dissonance" is an example of

A researcher is measuring aggression. Which of the following is most clearly inadequate as an operational definition of the term?

Empirical questions must

Scientific Thinking in Psychology

Ethics in Psychological Research

Sampling, Measurement, and Hypothesis Testing

Introduction to Experimental Research

Methodological Control in Experimental Research

Experimental Design I: Single-Factor Designs

Experimental Design II: Factorial Designs

Non-Experimental Design I: Survey Methods

Non-Experimental Design II: Observational and Archival Methods

Quasi-Experimental Designs and Applied Research

Small N Designs

Filters

Exam 3: Developing Ideas for Research in Psychology

Which of the following distinguishes a good theory from a bad one?

If a number of studies all seem consistent with a theory, then the theory is said to have been supported through

After completing their laboratory experiment on exposure to violent video games, why did Bushman and Anderson (2009)complete a field experiment on the exposure to violence and helping behavior?

Which of the following were found to be Questionable Research Practices (QRP's)by John, Loewenstein, and Prelec (2012)?

Which of the following would be an example of a research project began as the result of a serendipitous event?

Which of the following research studies is most obviously an example of basic research?

All of the following are true of theories except

Which of the following examples illustrates research that resulted from reflecting on an everyday observation?

When is a theory discarded?

Compared to field research, which of the following is true about laboratory research?

The study in the text that examined male and female patterns of control over the TV remote is a good example of a study that combines

A researcher uses some of the same procedures in her method as in a previous study, but she adds a new variable to be tested. What has she done?

In the original cognitive dissonance theory, it was said that dissonance develops as a result of experiencing contradictory thoughts. This "dissonance" is an example of

A researcher is measuring aggression. Which of the following is most clearly inadequate as an operational definition of the term?

Empirical questions must

Scientific Thinking in Psychology

Ethics in Psychological Research

Sampling, Measurement, and Hypothesis Testing

Introduction to Experimental Research

Methodological Control in Experimental Research

Experimental Design I: Single-Factor Designs

Experimental Design II: Factorial Designs

Non-Experimental Design I: Survey Methods

Non-Experimental Design II: Observational and Archival Methods

Quasi-Experimental Designs and Applied Research

Small N Designs

Filters